A Randomized Trial of Micropreemies Receiving Higher Amounts of Intravenous Fat Emulsion During the First Week of Life

Insensible water loss (IWL) was measured in six premature infants, betWeen 4 and 21 days of age, by continuous weight monitoring on an electronic balance inside an incubator. Multiple measurements of IWL were made during the sequential infusion of 10% dextrose in 0.225% NaCl, 10% dextrose-amino acid solution, or 10% dextrose-amino acid and a commercial intravenous fat emulsion. Each solution was administered for three hours by constant infusion through a scalp vein needle. The order of the infusion was random and a 30-to 60-minute infusion with 5% dextrose water was given between each solution. During the infusion of 10% dextrose in 0.225% NaCl and 10% dextrose + amino acid solution, IWL was 1.0 ± 0.8 gm/kg/ hr and 1.1 ± 0.8 gm/kg/hr, respectively. In contrast, IWL increased significantly to 1.6 ± 0.7 gni/kg/hr when additional calories were given using the 10% dextrose-amino acid with the intravenous fat emulsion (P < .005). There was a positive correlation between caloric intake and IWL. These data suggest that parenteral nutrition solutions with intravenous fat emulsion are rapidly metabolized and the increase in IWL is probably secondary to an increase in thermogenesis.

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Effect of Intravenous Fat Emulsion on Experimental Acute Pancreatitis

Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition ◽

10.1177/0148607183007003254 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 254-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Ralph H. Raasch ◽

Lawrence J. Hak ◽

Vivianne Benaim ◽

Lee Brower ◽

Sidney L. Levinson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Pancreatitis ◽

Fat Emulsion ◽

Experimental Acute Pancreatitis ◽

Intravenous Fat Emulsion

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Case Study: Formulation of an Intravenous Fat Emulsion

Injectable Dispersed Systems ◽

10.1201/9780849350610-17 ◽

2005 ◽

pp. 447-458

Keyword(s):

Fat Emulsion ◽

Intravenous Fat Emulsion

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PP270-SUN AN INTRAVENOUS FAT EMULSION CONTAINING SOYBEAN OIL, MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES, OLIVE OIL, AND FISH OIL WITH THE ADDITION OF PURE FISH-OIL-BASED EMULSION MAY BE USEFUL IN THE TREATMENT OF INTESTINAL FAILURE-ASSOCIATED LIVER DISEASE (IFALD) IN CHILDREN

Clinical Nutrition Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1744-1161(12)70321-6 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 131

Author(s):

M. Danko ◽

A. Żyła ◽

J. Książyk ◽

K. Popińska ◽

M. Sibilska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Soybean Oil ◽

Olive Oil ◽

Intestinal Failure ◽

Medium Chain Triglycerides ◽

Fat Emulsion ◽

Intravenous Fat Emulsion ◽

Medium Chain

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Pulmonary Vascular Lipid Deposition After Administration of Intravenous Fat to Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.79.1.99 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

pp. 99-102

Author(s):

Robert J. Shulman ◽

Claire Langston ◽

Richard J. Schanler

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Lipid Emulsion ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

Peak Serum ◽

Lipid Deposition ◽

Fat Emulsion ◽

Intravenous Fat Emulsion ◽

Intravenous Lipid Emulsion ◽

The Relationship

The incidence of pulmonary vascular lipid deposits in infants who did or did not receive intravenous lipid emulsion was determined through a review of the pulmonary histopathology and clinical course of 39 neonates who died during a two-year period. The relationship between pulmonary vascular lipid deposits and the duration and amount of administered intravenous fat emulsion was assessed. In addition, the effect of monitored serum triglyceride levels on the development of pulmonary vascular lipid deposits was evaluated. The incidence of pulmonary vascular lipid deposits was greater in the group that received intravenous fat emulsion (P < .02). Both the amount (grams per kilogram per day) and duration (days) of intravenous fat emulsion infusion were correlated positively with severity (P < .05) in infants who had pulmonary vascular lipid deposits. No relationship was seen between peak serum triglyceride levels, the frequency of elevated triglycerides, and pulmonary vascular lipid deposits. Although administered fat emulsion was a risk factor for the development of pulmonary vascular deposits, two of 13 infants who had not received intravenous fat emulsion had such deposits.

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Administration of an Intravenous Fat Emulsion Enriched with Medium-Chain Triglyceride/ω-3 Fatty Acids is Beneficial Towards Anti-Inflammatory Related Fatty Acid Profile in Preterm Neonates: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12113526 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 3526

Author(s):

Panos Papandreou ◽

Aristea Gioxari ◽

Dimitrios Ntountaniotis ◽

Olga-Natalia Korda ◽

Maria Skouroliakou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Soybean Oil ◽

Medium Chain Triglyceride ◽

Preterm Neonates ◽

Control Group ◽

Fat Emulsion ◽

Double Blind ◽

Intravenous Fat Emulsion ◽

Medium Chain

Intravenous administration of pure soybean oil emulsions high in linoleic acid may lead to inflammation and lipid peroxidation in preterm neonates. We aimed to investigate the effects of a medium-chain triglyceride (MCT)/ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-enriched intravenous fat emulsion (IVFE) on plasma fatty acid (FA) profile and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) in preterm neonates. In this double-blind randomized study, 92 preterm neonates (gestational age < 32 weeks, birth weight < 1500 g) were assigned to receive either MCT/ω-3 PUFA-enriched IVFE (Intervention Group) or soybean oil-based IVFE (Control Group). Levels of FAs were measured at baseline (day 0) and day 15 of parenteral nutrition with gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry. Serum IL-6 was measured with sandwich ELISA in 59 neonates. Plasma FAs changed significantly over time; the MCT/ω-3 PUFA-IVFE group showed higher ω-3 PUFAs (p = 0.031), eicosapentaenoic acid (p = 0.000), and oleic acid (p = 0.003), and lower ω-6/ω-3 PUFAs ratio (p = 0.001) and ω-6 PUFAs (p = 0.023) compared to control group. Linoleic acid was higher in the soybean oil (SO)-based IVFE arm compared to the MCT/ω-3 PUFAs-IVFE arm (p = 0.006). Both fat emulsion types decreased IL-6 compared to baseline, but changes were insignificant between groups. Administration of MCT/ω-3 PUFA-enriched IVFE in preterm neonates is beneficial in changing the FA profile consistent with attenuated inflammatory response.

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