scholarly journals Renal scintigraphy as an early and efficient method for detecting loss of renal function in a cat

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511692110625
Author(s):  
Gabriela C Schaefer ◽  
Mariana M Brose ◽  
José R Herrera Becerra ◽  
Fabíola PS Mello ◽  
Inácio B Rovaris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Renal Scintigraphy ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Mild Reduction ◽  
The Right

Case summary A 6-year-old mixed-breed male cat was evaluated for a routine annual health assessment. No alterations on physical examination were observed other than mild pain on palpation of the right kidney. Complete blood count, serum biochemistry (including symmetric dimethylarginine), urinalysis and urine protein:creatinine ratio were within the reference intervals for the species. Abdominal ultrasonography showed the presence of asymmetric kidneys, decreased corticomedullary definition, presence of a cyst on the left kidney and moderate renal pelvis dilatation on the right kidney. Dynamic renal scintigraphy (technetium [99mTc]-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid) revealed a single functioning kidney on the left. Static renal scintigraphy (99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid) exhibited renal activity practically restricted to the left kidney (relative uptake was 99% for the left kidney and 1% for the right kidney). Results of renal scintigraphy showed that the left kidney was compensating for the lack of function of the right one. GFR was 2.17 ml/min/kg, which is considered subclinical renal insufficiency and is in accordance with the case, as the cat was asymptomatic and did not present alterations in laboratory parameters. Relevance and novel information Renal scintigraphy was an important tool to determine the loss of renal function in one of the kidneys and mild reduction of global GFR. In this case report, renal scintigraphy proved to be more sensitive in the assessment of renal function than other tests routinely performed.

STUDY OF RADIATION CHARACTERISTICS THE RENAL FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES

2014 ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Van Chuong Nguyen ◽  
Thi Kim Anh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Right

Background: A Research glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 61 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with renal scanning 99mTc-DTPA glomerular filtration rate at the hospital 175. Objective: (1) To study characteristics of imaging of renal function. (2) Understanding the relationship between GFR with blood sugar, HbA1c, blood pressure and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional study. Clinical examination, Clinical tests and 99mTc-DTPA GFR gamma - camera renography for patients. Result: GFR of the study group was 75,4 ± 22,3 ml/phut/1,73m2, the left kidney was 35,0 ± 13,0 is lower than the right kidney and 39,8 ± 11,9; p <0,01. There is no correlation between GFR with blood glucose and HbA1c, the risk of reduced GFR in hypertensive group associated is OR = 6,5 with p<0,01; albuminuria (+) is OR = 4,2 with p <0,01; and disease duration > 10 years is OR = 3,5 with p <0.01. Conclusion: GFR of the left kidneys is lower than the right kidney; correlation decreased GFR associated with hypertension, albuminuria and disease duration. Keywords: GFR, diabetes, albuminuria

Hematologic and serum biochemistry reference intervals using defined ASCVP methodology for laboratory natal multimammate mice (Mastomys natalensis)

2021 ◽  
pp. 002367722110185
Author(s):  
Brian J Smith ◽  
Patrick W Hanley ◽  
Ousmane Maiga ◽  
Maarit N Culbert ◽  
Marissa J Woods ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Mastomys Natalensis ◽  
Complete Blood Counts ◽  
Multimammate Mice ◽  
Female Laboratory

Complete blood count, serum chemistry values, and biological reference intervals were compared between two age groups (34–49 and 84–120 days old) of healthy male and female laboratory raised natal multimammate mice ( Mastomys natalensis). Blood was collected via cardiocentesis under isoflurane anesthesia. Data sets of machine automated complete blood counts and clinical chemistries were analyzed. Significant differences between sex and age groups of the data sets were defined. The baseline hematologic and serum biochemistry values described here can improve interpretation of laboratory research using natal multimammate mice.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic transposition for crossing vessels (vascular hitch) in pure extrinsic pelvic-ureteric junction obstruction: a successful case report of a 2-year-old infant with horseshoe kidney

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Ieiri ◽  
Kouji Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Horseshoe Kidney ◽  
Renal Scintigraphy ◽  
Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney ◽  
Extrinsic Compression ◽  
Dysplastic Kidney ◽  
Renal Vessels ◽  
The Right ◽  
Crossing Vessels

Abstract Background Pediatric hydronephrosis induced by pelvic-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) is treated by dismembered pyeloplasty (DP) via open and laparoscopic surgery. The etiology of PUJO involves both intrinsic stenosis and extrinsic compression of crossing vessels (CVs). PUJO owing to CVs is also treated by DP, as there is no consensus concerning this vascular condition. We encountered a 2-year-old infant with pure extrinsic PUJO combined with horseshoe kidney who successfully underwent laparoscopic transposition for CVs (vascular hitch). Case presentation A 2-year-old boy was prenatally diagnosed with left multicystic dysplastic kidney (MDCK) and right hydronephrosis and received a definitive diagnosis after birth. At 6 months old, renal scintigraphy revealed a non-functioning pattern in the left kidney and an obstructive pattern in the right, showing no response to furosemide loading. The patient also had recurrent urinary tract infection, and his right hydronephrosis gradually worsened. We decided to perform surgery for the right PUJO. Preoperative enhanced computed tomography detected three right renal vessels independently branching from the abdominal aorta. The middle renal vessels were located at the ventral side of the pelvis and coincident with the site of PUJO. These vessels were suspected of being CVs. The patient underwent laparoscopic surgery electively. A 5-mm trocar was inserted at the umbilicus for a 5-mm, 30° rigid scope. Two additional ports were then inserted under laparoscope inspection. The dilated right pelvis and CVs were detected after ascending colon mobilization. To confirm the pathogenesis of PUJO, the CVs were dissected and taped. After taping the CVs, an intraoperative diuretic test was performed using furosemide loading. Peristalsis of the right ureter was recognized, and the extrinsic PUJO owing to the CVs was definitively confirmed. We therefore performed transposition for the CVs (vascular hitch procedure). The CVs were mobilized in the cranial direction and those were wrapped by dilated pelvis. The post-operative course was uneventful. The renal scintigraphy findings improved and showed a favorable response of furosemide loading. Conclusions The laparoscopic vascular hitch procedure is minimally invasive and effective for extrinsic PUJO due to CVs. Anastomotic stricture after Anderson and Hynes DP can be prevented by appropriate patient selection.

scholarly journals Crossed renal ectopia with fusion in a female feline: case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 833-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Q. Fulgêncio ◽  
F.G. Miranda ◽  
C.J. Santos ◽  
G.D. Moreira ◽  
R.C.S. Tôrres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Excretory Urography ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Renal Ectopia ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
Crossed Renal Ectopia ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT A 3 year old female feline of mixed breed was sent to the diagnostic imaging sector under suspicion of bleeding due to ovariohysterectomy. An abdominal ultrasonography was performed to confirm the initial suspicion. However, no signs of bleeding were found, instead it was observed that the left renal silhouette had two pelvises and was elongated and larger than normal. The right kidney was not found. Excretory urography was requested to evaluate the condition of the ureters. The final diagnosis was crossed renal ectopia with fusion in an asymptomatic cat with no changes in renal function.

Thyroid Carcinoma in a 13-Year-Old Bengal

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Mallory Watson ◽  
Benjamin S. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Cervical Swelling ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
Pulmonary Parenchyma ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT A 13 yr old male neutered Bengal cat was evaluated for a ventral cervical swelling, occasional vomiting, and decreased energy. Serum biochemistry, complete blood count, and physical examination were unremarkable apart from the cervical swelling. Serosanguinous fluid was drained from the cyst-like structure; however, the mass returned. Computed tomographic imaging revealed a large rounded-to-oval–shaped cystic structure in the region of the right thyroid gland with no obvious metastatic changes to the pulmonary parenchyma. The mass was surgically excised, and the tissues were histologically consistent with thyroid carcinoma. No evidence of recurrence or metastasis was present 6 mo postoperatively. Thyroid carcinomas are rarely reported in domestic cats; consequently, there is little research available on the topic. Until more research is made available, veterinarians may look to information available in canine literature to guide their treatment plans, but no definitive statements regarding therapy and ultimate prognosis can be made.

An Unusual Case of Metastatic Seminoma in a Dog

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle R. Dugat ◽  
Emily L. Medici ◽  
Mark C. Rochat ◽  
Jason A. Arble ◽  
Timothy A. Snider
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Abdominal Radiographs ◽  
The Right

An 8 yr old, reportedly castrated male Boston terrier presented with a history of generalized hyperesthesia and intermittent shifting leg lameness. Physical examination revealed a caudal abdominal mass and bilateral shoulder pain. A complete blood count, serum biochemistry panel, and urinalysis were unremarkable. Thoracic radiographs demonstrated bony proliferation and lysis of the third sternebra, an expansile lesion of the left tenth rib, and lucency in both proximal humeral metaphyses. Abdominal radiographs and ultrasound revealed a soft tissue mass within the caudoventral right abdomen. Ultrasonography also revealed an enlarged lymph node within the right retroperitoneal space. Exploratory laparotomy identified the mass as a retained testicle. A cryptorchidectomy, lymph node biopsy, and bilateral percutaneous core biopsies of the proximal humeri were performed. Histopathologic examination revealed malignant seminoma of the testicle with metastasis to lymph node and bone. Adjuvant chemotherapy was recommended, but it was declined by the owner. All follow-up was lost. This case highlights a unique case for causative hyperesthesia secondary to a novel site of metastasis from malignant seminoma. Metastasis to bone has not been reported in humans or dogs and represents a very unusual and aberrant variant of the normally relatively benign biological behavior of seminoma in the dog.

scholarly journals A case of periosteal proliferative polyarthritis in a cat

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
M. KARAYANNOPOULOU (Μ. ΚΑΡΑΓΙΑΝΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ) ◽  
Z. S. POLIZOPOULOU (Ζ.Σ. .ΠΟΛΥΖΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ) ◽  
A. F. KOUTINAS (Α. Φ. ΚΟΥΤΙΝΑΣ) ◽  
M. N. PATSIKAS (Μ.Ν. ΠΑΤΣΙΚΑΣ) ◽  
G. KAZAKOS (Γ. ΚΑΖΑΚΟΣ) ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elbow Joint ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Adverse Side Effect ◽  
Left Elbow ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Thoracic Limb ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

In this paper a case of periosteal proliferative polyarthritis in an 11-year old, female Siamese cat, that was admitted to the Surgery Clinic of the Veterinary School, A.U.Th., with a 6-month history of non-weight bearing lameness of the left thoracic limb, is described. At physical examination, restricted range of motion of the left elbow joint, local swelling and pain were detected. In the radiological examination of the affected joint the main finding was a periarticular extensive and irregular periosteal new bone formation. The results of the complete blood count and routine serum biochemistry were within normal limits and the cat was serologically negative for FeLV and FIV. Synovial fluid examination showed a lymphoplasmacytic pleocytosis, while the bacterial culture was negative. Prednisolone given at an anti-inflammatory dose for two consecutive weeks resulted in a marked improvement of the clinical sings. However, two months after the end of the treatment lameness reappeared, but this time in the contralateral thoracic limb, due to the involvement of the same joint. Radiology revealed the same type of lesions in the right elbow joint, whereas the left became ankylosed. Again, prednisolone, given at an immunosuppressive dose for two weeks, did not improve but fairly the clinical condition of the animal and the radiological changes as well. For this reason azathioprine at the dose of 1 mg/kg BW, every 48 hours, was added to therapy that lasted for 5 months. Transient mild leukopenia, that resolved after decreasing the dose of azathioprine by 25%, was the only adverse side effect noticed. At the end of the treatment, regression of the radiographical lesions in both elbows enabled the cat to walk with a stilted gait, despite the development of joint ankylosis bilaterally. The disease was kept in remission during the 12-month follow up period.

scholarly journals Nephrectomy in an Australian Cattle Dog Parasitized by Dioctophyma renale

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Sayonara Da Luz Ferro ◽  
Fernanda Jönck ◽  
Ewerton Cardoso ◽  
Marta Cristina Thomas Heckler ◽  
Mateus Rychescki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Renal Parenchyma ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
The Right

Background: Dioctophyma renale is a globally occurring nematode that parasites the kidneys, and to a lesser extent, can be found in other organs or free in the abdominal cavity. Has the capacity to destroy the renal parenchyma. For the most part, parasitized animals are asymptomatic. The diagnosis is made through urinalysis and ultrasonography. However most the cases are diagnosed only at necropsy. As treatment nephrectomy of the affected kidney is the technique of choice. Therefore, the aim of this work was to report the case of a dog, seven months old, treated surgically by nephrectomy of the right kidney due to the destruction of the renal parenchyma caused by D. renale.Case: A 7-month-old Australian Cattle Dog, with a history of hematuria, was attended in a Florianópolis Veterinary Hospital. At the physical examination of the patient, no change was found, being extremely active. Abdominal ultrasonography, urinalysis, CBC and biochemical profile were requested. Abdominal ultrasonography showed the presence of cylindricaland rounded structures, with a hyperechogenic wall and a hypoechogenic center, compatible with D. renale, located in the right kidney. Urinalysis revealed the presence of D. renale eggs. The erythrogram showed mild anemia and the leukogram showed neutrophilic leukocytosis. Calcium, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, phosphorus, alanine aminotransferase and urea dosages showed values within normal limits. As treatment, nephrectomy of the right kidney was performed by laparotomy. The kidney was presented with destruction of the renal parenchyma and a single parasite was removed from its interior, measuring 54 cm in length. Histopathological analysis of the affected kidney revealed diffuse pronounced fibrous connective tissue proliferation, increased urinary space with decreased glomerular tuft and increased glomerular to tubule ratio. The nephrectomy was curative and ceased the patient’s hematuria.Discussion: Parasitism by D. renale is closely related to the dietary habits of the patient, since contamination of the animals occurs through the ingestion of fish contaminated by the aquatic annelid Lumbriculus variegates. The reported patient had free access to the beach, where he was frequently used to eat fish. D. renale is popularly known as the giant kidney worm as it can reach up to 100 cm in length. In the present report the parasite was 54 cm long. The great majority of the parasitized animals are asymptomatic or present pictures of haematuria, dysuria and abdominal pain. However, only the hematuria was observed at the present report. Ultrasound examination and urinalysis confirmed the diagnosis, and these tests were adequate to diagnose parasitism by D. renale. The helminth was found in the right kidney, and especially in dogs, the parasite is mainly located in the right kidney, due to its proximity to the duodenum. Abdominal ultrasonography showed the left kidney measuring 7.08 cm in diameter, which justified the compensatory activity of the same. The patient presented parasitism with only seven months of life, which indicates that the ingestion of the infecting stage of the parasite may have occurred at four months of age or less, since the pre patent period is approximately 155 days, and the cycle has a slow evolution. In cases of only one affected kidney, the recommended surgical treatment is nephrectomy, and this procedure was performed in this patient, which showed excellent results.Keywords: canine dioctophymosis, parasite, surgery.

Ischämieprotektion der Nieren bei thorakoabdominalen Aortenrekonstruktionen: leistet Prostaglandin E1 mit Kühlung mehr als die alleinige Kühlung?

VASA ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutz Reiher ◽  
H. Vosberg ◽  
W. Sandmann
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Prostaglandin E1 ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Systemic Blood Pressure ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Ringer’S Lactate ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mean Time

Background: Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) is known to have a positive effect on kidney function after kidney ischaemia due to aortic clamping. Side effects of PGE1 are a decrease of systemic blood pressure and prevention of thrombocyte clotting, both being undesired during repair of thoracoabominal aortic aneurysms (TAA). The aim of this study was to evaluate, whether intraoperative and intraarterial kidney perfusion with 4° Ringer’s lactate plus 1000 IU of heparin/l plus 20 mug PGE1/l is more effective in preventing postischaemic kidney dysfunction than cold perfusion without PGE1. Patients and methods: In the time period from I/1996 until X/1998 58 patients underwent aortic repair for TAA type II, III, or IV (Crawford’s classification). Ten patients fulfilled the criteria for this study: renal artery stenosis or occlusion was excluded by angiography pre- and postoperatively. By means of szintigraphy an at least 30% participation in renal function had to be proven for every kidney. Intraoperatively both kidneys had to be excluded from circulation simultaneously. The left kidney in each patient was perfused with 4° Ringer’s lactate plus 1000 IU of heparin/l plus 20 mug PGE1/l. The right kidney was perfused with a solution of the same temperature plus heparin but without PGE1. Results: There was an intermittent increase of creatinin and/or urea in each patient postoperatively. By renal szintigraphy, which was performed after a mean time of 9 (5–13) days postoperatively, a shift of renal function from one kidney to the other could be excluded. Conclusion: In this experimental setting no additional benefit for kidney function could be detected, when under conditions of ischaemia kidneys were perfused with 4° Ringer’s lactate plus 1000 IU of heparin/l plus 20 mg PGE1/l compared to kidneys perfused with the same solution without PGE

Effects of methimazole on renal function in cats with hyperthyroidism

2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
TJ Becker ◽  
TK Graves ◽  
JM Kruger ◽  
WE Braselton ◽  
RF Nachreiner
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Estimated Gfr ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Total Thyroxine ◽  
The Mean

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of methimazole on renal function in cats with hyperthyroidism. Twelve cats with naturally occurring hyperthyroidism and 10 clinically normal (i.e., control) cats were included in this study. All cats initially were evaluated with a history, physical examination, complete blood count, serum biochemistry profile, basal serum total thyroxine concentration, complete urinalysis, and urine bacterial culture. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated by a plasma iohexol clearance (PIC) test. After initial evaluation, hyperthyroid cats were treated with methimazole until euthyroidism was achieved. Both groups of cats were then reevaluated by repeating the initial tests four to six weeks later. The mean (+/-standard deviation) pretreatment estimated GFR for the hyperthyroid cats was significantly higher (3.83+/-1.82 ml/kg per min) than that of the control cats (1.83+/-0.56 ml/kg per min). Control of the hyperthyroidism resulted in a significantly decreased mean GFR of 2.02+/-0.81 ml/kg per minute when compared to pretreatment values. In the hyperthyroid group, the mean increases in serum urea nitrogen (SUN) and creatinine concentrations and the mean decrease in the urine specific gravity after treatment were not statistically significant when compared to pretreatment values. Two of the 12 hyperthyroid cats developed abnormally high serum creatinine concentrations following treatment. These results provide evidence that cats with hyperthyroidism have increased GFR compared to normal cats, and that treatment of feline hyperthyroidism with methimazole results in decreased GFR.

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