scholarly journals Papillary craniopharyngioma coexisting with an intratumoral abscess in a pediatric patient: A case report and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 205846012110306
Author(s):  
Katsuhiro Takagi ◽  
Kazufumi Kikuchi ◽  
Akio Hiwatashi ◽  
Osamu Togao ◽  
Yuhei Sangatsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
High Signal Intensity ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Benign Neoplasms ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Histological Subtypes ◽  
Pituitary Abscess ◽  
Short Term

Craniopharyngiomas are benign neoplasms with two histological subtypes: adamantinomatous and papillary. Papillary craniopharyngiomas are rare in children, and those with a pituitary abscess within are even rarer. Herein, we present the case of a 14-year-old boy with a papillary craniopharyngioma and a coexisting intratumoral abscess, who was hospitalized for persistent pyrexia, polyuria, and polydipsia. The absence of calcification on computed tomography, high signal intensity inside the tumor on diffusion-weighted imaging, and clinical findings such as fever, a high inflammatory response, and meningitis, as well as short-term morphological changes on imaging, could aid in diagnosis.

A pituitary abscess showing high signal intensity on diffusion-weighted imaging

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Takayasu ◽  
Fumiyuki Yamasaki ◽  
Atsushi Tominaga ◽  
Toshikazu Hidaka ◽  
Kazunori Arita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
High Signal Intensity ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Pituitary Abscess ◽  
Diffusion Weighted

scholarly journals The Mechanism Causing High-signal Intensity on Diffusion-weighted Imaging in Adnexal Torsion: Two Case Reports

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya Fujii ◽  
Naoko Mukuda ◽  
Kanae Nosaka ◽  
Takeru Fukunaga ◽  
Chie Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
High Signal Intensity ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Adnexal Torsion ◽  
Diffusion Weighted

scholarly journals Nothnagel Syndrome: A rare case of Ischemic Brain Stem Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-64
Author(s):  
Ahmed Tanjimul Islam ◽  
Md Kafil Uddin ◽  
Md Ahmed Ali ◽  
Pijush Kumar Kundu ◽  
Md Munzur Alahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
High Signal Intensity ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Ataxic Gait ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Midbrain Syndrome

‘Nothnagel Syndrome' is a brainstem syndrome which is often underdiagnosed by the physicians due to rarity of the disease and complex clinical presentation. We present a case of brainstem midbrain syndrome caused by ischemic stroke. The male hypertensive diabetic patient presented with sudden onset of diplopia, ptosis and gait imbalance. Right-sidedgaze palsy with nystagmus and ataxic gait were the clinical findings. Brain imaging (MRI and DWI) showed high signal intensity at upper midbrain. The patient was finally diagnosed as ischemic stroke in the brainstem called Nothnagel syndrome. Up to now, there was no case reported as Nothnagel Syndrome due to ischemic stroke. J MEDICINE JAN 2020; 21 (1) : 62-64

scholarly journals Imaging findings of uterine adenosarcoma with sarcomatous overgrowth: two case reports, emphasizing restricted diffusion on diffusion weighted imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Go Nakai ◽  
Hiroki Matsutani ◽  
Takashi Yamada ◽  
Masahide Ohmichi ◽  
Kazuhiro Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
High Signal Intensity ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Cervical Canal ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Stromal Component

Abstract Background Adenosarcoma is classified as a mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tumor composed of a benign epithelial component and a malignant stromal component. The stromal component in adenosarcoma is usually low grade, and consequently the prognosis is relatively favorable. While, adenosarcoma with sarcomatous overgrowth (SO) is defined as an adenosarcoma in which the sarcomatous component constitutes more than 25% of the tumor. The stromal component is also high-grade sarcoma showing greater nuclear pleomorphism and mitotic activity, thus, it is associated with worse prognosis. MRI findings of adenosarcoma without SO have been described in previous literatures but the imaging findings in adenosarcoma with SO may be poorly defined. Therefore we present two cases of uterine adenosarcoma with SO. Case presentation Patient 1 was a 76-year-old woman referred to our hospital with complaint of abdominal distension and postmenopausal bleeding. Patient 2 was a 57-year-old woman with complaint of lower abdominal pain and abnormal uterine bleeding. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), T2 weighted imaging showed a large, heterogeneous high-intensity mass with hyperintense tiny cysts that expanded the uterine cavity and extended into the cervical canal for both patients. On diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), both masses appeared as high signal intensity. Patient 2 also had a right ovarian adult granulosa cell tumor that may have contributed to development of the adenosarcoma. Patient 1 recurred with peritoneal sarcomatosis 6 months after surgery and died of the disease. Patient 2 also recurred with a left upper lung metastasis 3 months after surgery. Conclusions DWI may depict pathological changes produced by SO of adenosarcoma as high signal intensity, even though SO does not seem to change MRI findings of adenosarcoma on other sequences. Therefore, DWI could potentially predict SO in presumptive adenosarcoma on MRI and the patient’s prognosis. It is also important for pathologists to know if SO can arise in adenosarcoma because they need to examine the tumor thoroughly to determine the percentage of SO component in the tumor volume when SO is present.

scholarly journals The potential role of diffusion weighted imaging in the diagnosis of early carotid and vertebral artery dissection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Almohammad ◽  
Mete Dadak ◽  
Friedrich Götz ◽  
Frank Donnerstag ◽  
Anita Blanka Tryc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Pulse Sequence ◽  
High Signal Intensity ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Diffusion Weighted

Abstract Purpose To investigate the role of the diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in the acute dissection of internal carotid artery (ICA) and vertebral artery (VA) and assessing the length of intramural hematoma (IMH), caused by dissection. Methods We analyzed 28 patients presenting with a dissection of the ICA and/or VA with respect to the presence of high signal intensity areas on DWI suggestive of dissection and 20 control subjects without arterial dissection, some with and some without atherosclerotic lesions. ICA or VA dissection was defined by clinical and imaging, computed tomography angiography (CTA), MR angiography (MRA), and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) findings. The length of DWI hyperintensity was compared to length of the occlusion or stenosis on the angiographic examination. Results In 28 patients, 30 dissected arteries were analyzed. Time intervals from the onset of the first clinical symptoms to the radiological evaluation ranged from 1.5 h to 42 days. In 28 (93%) of the dissections, a high signal intensity of the affected artery was present on DWI. The measurement of the dissection length on DWI compared to DSA showed a mean deviation of 2.7 mm and a standard deviation of 3.7 mm. Conclusion DWI is a highly sensitive and valuable pulse sequence for the detection of dissected cervical arteries even in the first hours after symptom onset. In contrast to CTA and MRA, DWI can be a potential tool for a reliable measurement of the dissection length.

Morphological Changes in the Brain of Acutely Ill and Weight-Recovered Patients with Anorexia Nervosa

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Seitz ◽  
Katharina Bühren ◽  
Georg G. von Polier ◽  
Nicole Heussen ◽  
Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Clinical Prognosis ◽  
Qualitative Review ◽  
Brain Changes ◽  
The Brain

Objective: Acute anorexia nervosa (AN) leads to reduced gray (GM) and white matter (WM) volume in the brain, which however improves again upon restoration of weight. Yet little is known about the extent and clinical correlates of these brain changes, nor do we know much about the time-course and completeness of their recovery. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis and a qualitative review of all magnetic resonance imaging studies involving volume analyses of the brain in both acute and recovered AN. Results: We identified structural neuroimaging studies with a total of 214 acute AN patients and 177 weight-recovered AN patients. In acute AN, GM was reduced by 5.6% and WM by 3.8% compared to healthy controls (HC). Short-term weight recovery 2–5 months after admission resulted in restitution of about half of the GM aberrations and almost full WM recovery. After 2–8 years of remission GM and WM were nearly normalized, and differences to HC (GM: –1.0%, WM: –0.7%) were no longer significant, although small residual changes could not be ruled out. In the qualitative review some studies found GM volume loss to be associated with cognitive deficits and clinical prognosis. Conclusions: GM and WM were strongly reduced in acute AN. The completeness of brain volume rehabilitation remained equivocal.

SHORT-TERM MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES AND SEDIMENT DYNAMICS OF TIDAL FLAT DUE TO TYPHOON PASSAGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. I_499-I_504
Author(s):  
Itsuki KURITANI ◽  
Shigeru KATO ◽  
Takahiro TABATA ◽  
Ryota NAKAMURA ◽  
Takumi OKABE
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Flat ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Sediment Dynamics ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals The joint involvement in adult onset Still's disease is characterised by a peculiar magnetic resonance imaging and a specific transcriptomic profile

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Ruscitti ◽  
Antonio Barile ◽  
Onorina Berardicurti ◽  
Sonia Iafrate ◽  
Paola Di Benedetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
High Signal Intensity ◽  
Adult Onset Still’S Disease ◽  
Joint Involvement ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Bone Erosions ◽  
Transcriptomic Profile ◽  
Synovial Tissues ◽  
Bone Oedema

AbstractAdult onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic autoinflammatory disease, characterised by fever, arthritis, and skin rash, and joint involvement is one of its clinical manifestations. The aims of this work were to assess joint involvement, to describe main patterns of involvement, and associated clinical characteristics. In this work, we aimed at assessing the joint involvement in AOSD by using MRI, to describe main patterns and associated clinical characteristics. In addition, we aimed at assessing the global transcriptomic profile of synovial tissues in AOSD to elucidate possible pathogenic pathways involved. We also evaluated the global transcriptomic profile of synovial tissues to elucidate possible pathogenic pathways involved in the disease. Thus, AOSD patients, who underwent to MRI exam on joints, were assessed to describe patterns of joint involvement and associated clinical characteristics. Some synovial tissues were collected for RNA-sequencing purposes. The most common MRI finding was the presence of synovitis on 60.5%, mainly in peripheral affected joints, with low to intermediate signal intensity on T1-weighted images and intermediate to high signal intensity on T2-fat-saturated weighted and STIR images. Bone oedema and MRI-bone erosions were reported on 34.9% and 25.6% MRI exams, respectively. Patients with MRI-bone erosions showed a higher prevalence of splenomegaly, a more frequent chronic disease course, lower levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and ferritin. In AOSD synovial tissues, a hyper-expression of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and TNF pathways was shown together with ferritin genes. In conclusion, in AOSD patients, the most common MRI-finding was the presence of synovitis, characterised by intermediate to high signal intensity on T2-fat-saturated weighted and STIR images. MRI-bone erosions and bone oedema were also observed. In AOSD synovial tissues, IL-1, IL-6, and TNF pathways together with ferritin genes resulted to be hyper-expressed.

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