scholarly journals Reversible temporal hypodensity on CT in a patient with minor head injury: Transient global amnesia or contusion?

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 205970022110409
Author(s):  
Basit Shah ◽  
Sabrina Poonja ◽  
Mohammed Wasif Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Young Patient ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Anatomical Basis ◽  
Ct Head ◽  
Global Amnesia ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a condition characterized by a sudden, temporary lapse in memory without focal neurological deficits, usually in middle aged adults, sometimes precipitated by an inciting event. We describe a case of a young patient, who presented with a constellation of symptoms consistent with TGA post-concussion with a right temporal lobe hypodensity on CT head. This patient’s memory returned to baseline within 24 hours, with only a mild residual headache which resolved within the next day and no MRI findings 48 hours after, illustrating that his clinical trajectory favours TGA rather than post-concussive amnesia. While the pathophysiology of TGA is still a mystery, clinicians and researchers continue to hypothesize the anatomical basis of this condition.

scholarly journals Memory and Cerebral Blood Flow in Cases of Transient Global Amnesia During and After the Attack

1995 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kazui ◽  
H. Tanabe ◽  
M. Ikeda ◽  
Y. Nakagawa ◽  
J. Shiraishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Procedural Memory ◽  
Procedural Learning ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Skill Test ◽  
Anatomical Basis ◽  
Global Amnesia

We administered various memory tests and neuroimaging examinations to four pure cases who met Hodges' clinical criteria for transient global amnesia (TGA), during and after the attack. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether procedural learning is acquired during TGA and whether priming effects are preserved during TGA, and to investigate the anatomical basis of various memory subcomponents through these cases. Episodic memory was severely disturbed only during TGA, consistent with previous studies. Procedural learning during TGA examined by a drawing skill test and a reading skill test developed by us, and the Tower of Toronto, was preserved during TGA, consistent with one earlier report dealing with procedural memory during TGA. Priming effects during TGA have never been assessed. A word completion priming task with Kanji letters developed by us demonstrated that priming effects were preserved during TGA. Neuroradiologically, single photon emission computed tomograph hippocampal images clearly revealed a hypoperfusion confined to the medial portion of the bilateral temporal lobe only during the attack. These findings indicate that the medial portion of the temporal lobe is important for episodic memory as described in previous reports, but did not play an important role in procedural memory and priming effects.

Transient global amnesia in a patient with an arterovenous malformation of the left temporal lobe

1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. P75-P76
Author(s):  
S. Angeli ◽  
M. Marogna ◽  
P. Zagami ◽  
M. Del Sette ◽  
A. Primavera
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Left Temporal Lobe ◽  
Global Amnesia

scholarly journals Reversible hyperperfusion of the right medial temporal lobe in transient global amnesia.

1996 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 654-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
H H Jung ◽  
R W Baumgartner ◽  
J M Burgunder ◽  
J P Wielepp ◽  
S Lourens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Global Amnesia ◽  
The Right

Isolated punctuate hippocampal infarction and transient global amnesia are indistinguishable by means of MRI

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Förster ◽  
M Al-Zghloul ◽  
H Wenz ◽  
J Böhme ◽  
C Groden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Images ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Typical Finding ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Global Amnesia

Background Small punctuate lesions in the hippocampus on diffusion-weighted images are a typical finding in transient global amnesia. Consequently, it has been suggested that diffusion-weighted images findings might corroborate the diagnosis of transient global amnesia. However, isolated punctuate hippocampal infarction might be a differential diagnosis of transient global amnesia. Aim Evaluation of isolated punctuate hippocampal infarction frequency and comparison of its clinical presentation and MRI findings to transient global amnesia. Methods From an MRI database, we identified 10 patients with isolated punctuate hippocampal infarction and compared these to 12 patients with transient global amnesia with diffusion-weighted images lesion with regard to clinical symptoms and MRI findings. Results Disorientation and memory deficits were more common in transient global amnesia patients, whereas dysphasia/aphasia and vertigo were more common in hippocampal infarction patients. MRI findings in isolated punctuate hippocampal infarction and transient global amnesia did not differ significantly, neither regarding the affected hemisphere, lesion distribution, size, nor relative ADC values. Conclusions Differentiation of isolated punctuate hippocampal infarction and transient global amnesia based on neuroimaging findings is not possible. Thus, in the case of isolated punctuate hippocampal diffusion-weighted images lesions the final diagnosis of hippocampal infarction or transient global amnesia should be based on the clinical presentation.

scholarly journals Transient Global Amnesia as a Presentation of Frontal Lobe Meningioma – A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-324
Author(s):  
Sidra Faruqi ◽  
Noor-us- Saba ◽  
Maira Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Hippocampal Dysfunction ◽  
Normal Sleep ◽  
Global Amnesia ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

Meningiomas are amongst the most common primary brain tumors, accounting for around one third of cases. They usually present with focal neurological deficits, signs of raised intracranial pressure or seizures. Transient global amnesia (TGA) is an uncommon disorder, usually linked with severe emotional or physical stress, migraine variant or vascular risk factors. It is believed to originate from hippocampal dysfunction. We present the case of a 65 year female, who visited our hospital with two episodes of transient amnesia. Both episodes lasted for 4-5 hours with no other focal neurological dysfunction noted. She fit the diagnostic criteria for TGA and seizures were ruled out by a normal sleep-deprived electroencephalogram (EEG). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Brain showed the presence of a right frontal meningioma. We conclude that she suffered from TGA secondary to right frontal meningioma, a rare association of which only a handful of cases have been reported worldwide

scholarly journals BMC NeurologyFactors determining recurrence in transient global amnesia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Tynas ◽  
Peter K Panegyres
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Subjective Memory Impairment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global Amnesia

Abstract Aetiology of transient global amnesia (TGA) remains uncertain, though many have been proposed, including ischaemic, migrainous or epileptic pathologies. We attempted to determine risk factors for TGA, as well as prognostic factors that may cause recurrence. We evaluated clinical history, family history and magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) studies of 93 prospective patients with TGA. Patients were followed from 2004-2016. Fifteen of 93 (16%) patients experienced a recurrence of TGA. Among precipitating events, physical activities inducing Valsalva-like manoeuvres were most common, followed by emotional stress. Eighty-four patients had possible comorbidities or risk factors for TGA, though no single risk factor was ubiquitous. Risk factors associated with recurrence were head injury (isolated vs. recurrent, 16.7% vs. 53.5%, p < 0.01), depression (isolated vs. recurrent, 15.4% vs 46.7%, p = 0.01) and family history of dementia (isolated vs. recurrent, 20.5% vs. 46.7%, p = 0.03). Of 15 patients with confirmed recurrent TGA, two developed dementia and four subjective memory impairment. DWI lesions were observed in 24 patients and were located anywhere within the hippocampus. DWI lesions were not significantly associated with outcomes (recurrence, subjective memory impairment, dementia). We have found that depression, previous head injury and family history of dementia may predict TGA recurrence.

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