Modeling the impacts of park access on health outcomes: A utility-based accessibility approach

Recent research has underscored the potential for public green spaces to influence individual and societal health outcomes, but empirical measurements of such influences have yielded mixed results to date, with particular disagreement surrounding how access to parks ought to be defined while controlling for alternate explanations. In this paper, we apply a comprehensive measure of park accessibility drawn from random utility choice theory, which avoids arbitrary assertions of proximity while incorporating potentially numerous amenities and attributes of both the parks and the population. We apply this utility-based accessibility measure to correlate Census tract-level obesity and physical activity rate estimates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s 500 Cities project with tract-level American Community Survey socioeconomic data in New York City, paired with geographic open space data from New York City. Controlling for the socioeconomic variables and spatially correlated error terms, we show a positive and significant relationship between park access and physical activity rates. The data also suggest a negative relationship between park access and obesity rates, beyond what is expected through physical activity and socioeconomics. In doing so, this research contributes a more comprehensive modeling approach for measuring the impact of park access on health, and may improve our understanding of the role parks and access to them can serve in furthering public health objectives.

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The Impact of a Temporary Recurrent Street Closure on Physical Activity in New York City

Journal of Urban Health ◽

10.1007/s11524-014-9925-0 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 92 (2) ◽

pp. 230-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Sarah A. Wolf ◽

Victoria E. Grimshaw ◽

Rachel Sacks ◽

Thomas Maguire ◽

Catherine Matera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

New York ◽

New York City ◽

York City ◽

The Impact

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The effect of human mobility and control measures on traffic safety during COVID-19 pandemic

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0243263 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. e0243263

Author(s):

Jie Zhang ◽

Baoheng Feng ◽

Yina Wu ◽

Pengpeng Xu ◽

Ruimin Ke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

Traffic Safety ◽

York City ◽

Travel Behavior ◽

Negative Binomial ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Control Measures ◽

Control Policies ◽

The Impact

As mobile device location data become increasingly available, new analyses are revealing the significant changes of mobility pattern when an unplanned event happened. With different control policies from local and state government, the COVID-19 outbreak has dramatically changed mobility behavior in affected cities. This study has been investigating the impact of COVID-19 on the number of people involved in crashes accounting for the intensity of different control measures using Negative Binomial (NB) method. Based on a comprehensive dataset of people involved in crashes aggregated in New York City during January 1, 2020 to May 24, 2020, people involved in crashes with respect to travel behavior, traffic characteristics and socio-demographic characteristics are found. The results show that the average person miles traveled on the main traffic mode per person per day, percentage of work trip have positive effect on person involved in crashes. On the contrary, unemployment rate and inflation rate have negative effects on person involved in crashes. Interestingly, different level of control policies during COVID-19 outbreak are closely associated with safety awareness, driving and travel behavior, and thus has an indirect influence on the frequency of crashes. Comparing to other three control policies including emergence declare, limits on mass gatherings, and ban on all nonessential gathering, the negative relationship between stay-at-home policy implemented in New York City from March 20, 2020 and the number of people involved crashes is found in our study.

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The Impact of Tax Reform on Higher Education in New York City

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.1089279 ◽

1989 ◽

Author(s):

Cameron Elliott Gordon

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

New York ◽

New York City ◽

York City ◽

Tax Reform ◽

The Impact

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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on College Students’ Health and Financial Stability in New York City: Findings from a Population-Based Sample of City University of New York (CUNY) Students

Journal of Urban Health ◽

10.1007/s11524-020-00506-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 98 (2) ◽

pp. 187-196

Author(s):

Heidi E. Jones ◽

Meredith Manze ◽

Victoria Ngo ◽

Patricia Lamberson ◽

Nicholas Freudenberg

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

New York ◽

New York City ◽

York City ◽

Financial Stability ◽

Population Based ◽

The Impact

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Health Disparities among adults cared for at an urban cystic fibrosis program

Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases ◽

10.1186/s13023-021-01965-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Emily DiMango ◽

Kaitlyn Simpson ◽

Elizabeth Menten ◽

Claire Keating ◽

Weijia Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

New York ◽

New York City ◽

Health Disparities ◽

Pulmonary Function ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

York City ◽

Median Income ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Caucasian Patients

Abstract Background Evidence is conflicting regarding differential health outcomes in racial and ethnic minorities with cystic fibrosis (CF), a rare genetic disease affecting approximately 28,000 Americans. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of health outcomes in Black/Latinx patients compared with non-Hispanic Caucasian patients cared for in a CF center in New York City. Adult patients enrolled in the CF Foundation Patient Registry at the Columbia University Adult CF Program and seen at least once during 2019 were included. Health metrics were compared between Black/Latinx and non-Hispanic Caucasian patients. Results 262 patients were eligible. 39 patients (15%) identified as Black/Latinx or non-Hispanic Caucasian. Descriptive statistics are reported with mean (standard deviation). Current age was 35.9 (13.3) years for non-Hispanic Caucasian and 32.0 (9.3) years for Black/Latinx patients (p = 0.087). Age of diagnosis did not differ between groups; 9.56 (15.96) years versus 11.59 (15.8) years for non-Hispanic Caucasian versus Black/Latinx respectively (p = 0.464). Pulmonary function, measured as mean forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was 70.6 (22.5) percent predicted in non-Hispanic Caucasian versus 59.50 (27.9) percent predicted in Black/Latinx patients (p = 0.010). Number of visits to the CF clinic were similar between groups. When controlled for age, gender, co-morbidities, median income, and insurance status, there was a continued association between minority status and lower FEV1. Conclusions Minorities with CF have significantly lower pulmonary function, the major marker of survival, than non-Hispanic Caucasians, even when controlled for a variety of demographic and socioeconomic factors that are known to affect health status in CF. Significant health disparities based on race and ethnicity exist at a single CF center in New York City, despite apparent similarities in access to guideline based care at an accredited CF Center. This data confirms the importance of design of culturally appropriate preventative and management strategies to better understand how to direct interventions to this vulnerable population with a rare disease.

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The Impact of Customer Loyalty and Restaurant Sanitation Grades on Revisit Intention and the Importance of Narrative Information: The Case of New York Restaurant Sanitation Grading System

Cornell Hospitality Quarterly ◽

10.1177/1938965517744075 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 275-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Min Gyung Kim ◽

Hyunjoo Yang ◽

Anna S. Mattila

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

Customer Loyalty ◽

York City ◽

Letter Grades ◽

The Difference ◽

Revisit Intentions ◽

Using Data ◽

The Impact ◽

Loyal Customers

New York City launched a restaurant sanitation letter grade system in 2010. We evaluate the impact of customer loyalty on restaurant revisit intentions after exposure to a sanitation grade alone, and after exposure to a sanitation grade plus narrative information about sanitation violations (e.g., presence of rats). We use a 2 (loyalty: high or low) × 4 (sanitation grade: A, B, C, or pending) between-subjects full factorial design to test the hypotheses using data from 547 participants recruited from Amazon MTurk who reside in the New York City area. Our study yields three findings. First, loyal customers exhibit higher intentions to revisit restaurants than non-loyal customers, regardless of sanitation letter grades. Second, the difference in revisit intentions between loyal and non-loyal customers is higher when sanitation grades are poorer. Finally, loyal customers are less sensitive to narrative information about sanitation violations.

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