scholarly journals Immunocytochemical localization of cytosol 5'-nucleotidase in chicken liver.

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 983-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Yokota ◽  
J Oka ◽  
H Ozasa ◽  
R Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Chicken Liver ◽  
Immunocytochemical Localization ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Fab Fragments ◽  
Parenchymal Cells ◽  
Immunoenzyme Technique

We investigated the localization of cytosol 5'-nucleotidase in chicken liver by use of a pre-embedding immunoenzyme technique. Cytosol 5'-nucleotidase was purified from chicken liver and a monospecific antibody to this enzyme was raised in a rabbit. Fab fragments of the antibody were conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. Tissue sections of the fixed chicken liver were incubated with the peroxidase-Fab fragments, followed by DAB reaction for peroxidase. By light microscopy, dark-brown staining was present in the cytoplasm of parenchymal cells, Kupffer cells, and endothelial cells. The latter two types of cells were stained more strongly than the former. By electron microscopy, reaction deposits were present in the cytoplasmic matrix but not in cell organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and peroxisomes, or in nuclei. In control sections incubated with peroxidase-conjugated Fab fragments from non-immunized rabbit, no specific reaction was noted. The results indicate that cytosol 5'-nucleotidase is contained more in the sinus-lining cells and less in the parenchymal cells, and that the enzyme is present in the cytoplasmic matrix of these cells.

Interrelations between the Parasitophorous Vacuole ofToxoplasma gondiiand Host Cell Organelles

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Cardoso Magno ◽  
Lorian Cobra Straker ◽  
Wanderley de Souza ◽  
Marcia Attias
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Fluorescent Probes ◽  
Parasitophorous Vacuole ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Apical Side ◽  
Transmission Electron

Toxoplasma gondii, the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, is capable of actively penetrating and multiplying in any nucleated cell of warm-blooded animals. Its survival strategies include escape from fusion of the parasitophorous vacuole with host cell lysosomes and rearrangement of host cell organelles in relation to the parasitophorous vacuole. In this article we report the rearrangement of host cell organelles and elements of the cytoskeleton of LLCMK2 cells, a lineage derived from green monkey kidney epithelial cells, in response to infection byT. gondiitachyzoites. Transmission electron microscopy made on flat embedded monolayers cut horizontally to the apical side of the cells or field emission scanning electron microscopy of monolayers scraped with scotch tape before sputtering showed that association of mitochondria to the vacuole is much less frequent than previously described. On the other hand, all parasitophorous vacuoles were surrounded by elements of the endoplasmic reticulum. These data were complemented by observations by laser scanning microscopy using fluorescent probes from mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum and reinforced by three-dimensional reconstruction from serial sections observed by transmission electron microscopy and labeling of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum by fluorescent probes.

scholarly journals Laminin in cultured mouse C1300 neuroblastoma cells: immunocytochemical localization by pre- and postembedding electron microscope procedures.

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 755-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Liesi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cells ◽  
Immunocytochemical Localization ◽  
Adhesion Protein ◽  
Antibody Method ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Intercellular Connections

Laminin was localized in cultured mouse C1300 neuroblastoma cells by applying the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique in preembedding electron microscopy. The results were compared to those obtained by indirect immunofluorescence and by the colloidal gold second antibody method on Epon-embedded ultrathin sections. Laminin was found in the cell membranes and within the rough endoplasmic reticulum as well as in intracytoplasmic vacuoles. Plasma membranes of the neuroblastoma cells showed a patchy localization of laminin that was apparently involved in cell-to-substrate attachment and in gap junction-like intercellular connections. Under normal conditions, the Golgi cisternae contained no laminin. Pretreatment of cells with micromolar concentrations of monensin, however, lead to an accumulation of laminin within the Golgi cisternae. These results support a role for laminin as an adhesion protein in cultured neuroblastoma cells and indicate that laminin is transported through the Golgi complex.

Quantitative Estimation of the Loss of Membrane Images Resulting From Oblique Sectioning of Biological Membranes

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 144-145
Author(s):  
Alden V. Loud
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Liver Cell ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Liver Parenchymal ◽  
Qualitative Interpretation ◽  
Considerable Length ◽  
Parenchymal Cells

Williams and Kallman pointed out one of the major artifacts in the electron microscopy of biological thin sections, namely, the failure to form images of membranes which are inclined at large angles within the section. This loss is a significant consideration in the qualitative interpretation of electron micrographs and especially in the quantitative assay of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial cristae membranes. In order to estimate the effective loss of membrane images it would be desirable to use a specimen which provides a considerable length of membrane tilted at a known angle and a simple method of measuring its “visibility”. The spherical nuclear envelopes of rat liver parenchymal cells satisfy these conditions. Figure 1 shows part of a binucleate liver cell in which the nuclear membrane is clearly visible around the larger section but blurred by oblique orientation in the smaller section.

scholarly journals Staining of Tissue Sections for Electron Microscopy with Heavy Metals

1958 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Hepatic Cells ◽  
Golgi Region ◽  
Lead Hydroxide ◽  
Methods Of Application

Descriptions of three heavy metal stains and methods of application to tissue sections for electron microscopy are presented. Lead hydroxide stains rather selectively two types of particles in liver: those associated with the endoplasmic reticulum and containing ribonucleic acid and other somewhat larger particles. Barium hydroxide emphasizes certain bodies within vesicles of the Golgi region of hepatic cells. Alkalized lead acetate is useful as a general stain, as are also lead and barium hydroxides.

scholarly journals ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF EARLY CYTOPLASMIC CHANGES DUE TO INFLUENZA VIRUS

1955 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 577-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl G. Harford ◽  
Alice Hamlin ◽  
Esther Parker
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Bronchial Epithelium ◽  
Type A ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Viral Growth ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Improved Methods

Recently improved methods for visualization of thin tissue sections by electron microscopy have been applied to the study of early changes in the bronchial epithelium of mice infected by inhalation of aerosols of influenza virus. In confirmation of previous findings by the authors, inclusion bodies have been demonstrated in ciliated and non-ciliated cells of infected bronchial epithelium. In addition to 3 strains of mouse-adapted Type A virus, 2 unadapted strains gave qualitatively the same results. The inclusion bodies were found to be composed largely of particles of a size estimated to correspond to the known size of influenza virus. The viral lesion of the cytoplasm was also associated with linear formations which were thought to be abnormal forms of endoplasmic reticulum. Well developed microvilli were found on the ciliated borders of ciliated cells, but no evidence was found of viral growth in this region.

scholarly journals STRATIFICATION AND SUBSEQUENT BEHAVIOR OF PLANT CELL ORGANELLES

1963 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Benjamin Bouck
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Large Unit ◽  
Original Length ◽  
Subsequent Behavior

Living excised roots of pea were centrifuged at 20,000 g for 24 hours, and the behavior of organelles was followed by electron microscopy at various intervals after centrifugation. With these forces, organelles are not perceptibly or irreversibly damaged, nor is the viability of the whole root destroyed. Organelles stratify generally in the order of lipid (centripetal pole), vacuoles, smooth endoplasmic reticulum and dictyosomes, proplastids (without starch), mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, proplastids with starch. The nucleus distends from the vacuolar region to the extreme centrifugal pole of the cell, while the chromatin and nucleolus seek the centrifugal pole of the nucleus. During the redistribution of organelles the rough endoplasmic reticulum is among the first to reorient, and possible explanations for this are discussed. Mitochondria can be stretched elastically many times their original length, but proplastids seem fairly rigid. Small vacuoles, forced together during centrifugation, apparently may fuse to form a large unit. Lipid droplets, on the other hand, tend to remain separate. Dictyosomes and smooth endoplasmic reticulum layer in the same region of the centrifuged cell, indicating a density similarity between these two organelles.

scholarly journals ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF HELA CELLS AFTER THE INGESTION OF COLLOIDAL GOLD

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 749-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl G. Harford ◽  
Alice Hamlin ◽  
Esther Parker
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Golgi Complex ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Gold Particles ◽  
Dense Granules

Tissue cultures of HeLa cells were grown in media containing colloidal gold, and after various intervals, the cells were fixed, embedded, and sectioned for electron microscopy. Uncoated grids with small holes were used in many of the experiments. Intracellular particles of gold were identified in areas surrounded by single membranes, in moderately dense granules, in globoid bodies, and in the cytoplasmic matrix. Gold particles were not found in typical mitochondria, Golgi complex, ergastoplasm (granular forms of endoplasmic reticulum), or nuclei. The phenomenon of pinocytosis was considered to be the most likely means by which the gold particles were ingested, and the locations of gold particles appeared to have significance concerning theories that membranous organelles of the cytoplasm may be derived from the cell membrane.

scholarly journals The Fine Structure of the Epithelial Cells of the Mouse Prostate

1960 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brandes ◽  
Adolfo Portela
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Mouse Prostate ◽  
Coagulating Gland

The fine structure of the epithelial cells of the anterior lobe, or coagulating gland, of the mouse prostate has been investigated by electron microscopy. This organ is composed of small tubules, lined by tall, simple cuboidal epithelium surrounded by connective tissue and smooth muscle. The epithelial cells are limited by a distinct plasma membrane, which covers minute projections of the cytoplasm into the lumen. The cell membranes of adjacent cells are separated by a narrow layer of structureless material of low density. The cavities of the endoplasmic reticulum are greatly dilated, and the cytoplasmic matrix is reduced to narrow strands, in which the various organelles are visible. The content of the cavities of the endoplasmic reticulum appears as structureless material of lesser density than the cytoplasmic matrix. Material which may be interpreted as secretion products can be seen in the lumina of the tubules. The possible nature of the material inside the cisternal spaces and the secretory mechanisms in these cells is discussed.

scholarly journals ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AND X-RAY SCANNING MICROANALYSIS OF NEEDLE BIOPSY MATERIAL FROM HUMAN LIVER

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Yasuzumi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Needle Biopsy ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Pancreatic Tumor ◽  
Biopsy Material ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Iron Sample ◽  
Human Biopsy ◽  
Parenchymal Cells

A study has been made of the fine structure of hepatic parenchymal cells of human biopsy material in a case of pancreatic tumor with obstructive jaundice. Dense particles about 60 A in diameter have been found in the cytoplasm, which are considered to be ferritin molecules by electron microscopy. They are encountered throughout the cytoplasmic matrix and are often aggregated in electron-transparent areas, most of which are enclosed by an apparently single-layered membrane. Identification of the elemental iron has been pursued by the application of the x-ray scanning microanalyser which reveals a quantitative value within 1.0 per cent of the pure iron sample. The use of x-ray scanning microanalysis enables one to obtain accurate data from extremely small and precisely defined volumes of biological specimens.

scholarly journals Immunocytochemical localization of hepatic legandin and Z protein utilizing frozen sections for light and electron microscopy.

1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 961-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Capron ◽  
B Coltoff-Schiller ◽  
A B Johnson ◽  
G M Fleischner ◽  
S Goldfischer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Immunocytochemical Localization ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Organic Ions ◽  
Z Protein

Ligandin (glutathione-s-transferase) and Z protein are soluble hepatocellular proteins that are involved in the transfer of organic ions, including bilirubin and some hormones and carcinogens from the plasma to the liver. The intracellular distribution of ligandin and Z protein was studied by applying the peroxidase-antiperoxidase procedure of L. A. Sternberger (Immunocytochemistry, Prentice Hall Inc., 1974) to paraffin sections and free-floating 10-micrometers frozen sections that were processed for both light and electron microscopy. Ligandin and Z protein were localized to the cytosol of hepatocytes in association with smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), but no reaction product was present between cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Penetration of reagents was enhanced in 10-micrometers frozen sections and the preservation of subcellular structures was equivalent to thicker, unfrozen sections.

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