scholarly journals The Fine Structure of the Epithelial Cells of the Mouse Prostate

1960 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brandes ◽  
Adolfo Portela
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Mouse Prostate ◽  
Coagulating Gland

The fine structure of the epithelial cells of the anterior lobe, or coagulating gland, of the mouse prostate has been investigated by electron microscopy. This organ is composed of small tubules, lined by tall, simple cuboidal epithelium surrounded by connective tissue and smooth muscle. The epithelial cells are limited by a distinct plasma membrane, which covers minute projections of the cytoplasm into the lumen. The cell membranes of adjacent cells are separated by a narrow layer of structureless material of low density. The cavities of the endoplasmic reticulum are greatly dilated, and the cytoplasmic matrix is reduced to narrow strands, in which the various organelles are visible. The content of the cavities of the endoplasmic reticulum appears as structureless material of lesser density than the cytoplasmic matrix. Material which may be interpreted as secretion products can be seen in the lumina of the tubules. The possible nature of the material inside the cisternal spaces and the secretory mechanisms in these cells is discussed.

scholarly journals The Fine Structure of the Epithelial Cells of the Mouse Prostate

1960 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brandes ◽  
Adolfo Portela
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Ventral Lobe ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Mouse Prostate

The fine structure of the epithelial cells of one component of the prostatic complex of the mouse—the ventral lobe—has been investigated by electron microscopy. This organ is composed of small tubules, lined by tall simple cuboidal epithelium, surrounded by smooth muscle and connective tissue. Electron micrographs of the epithelial cells of the ventral lobe show these to be limited by a cell membrane, which appears as a continuous dense line. The nucleus occupies the basal portion of the cell and the nuclear envelope consists of two membranes. The cytoplasmic matrix is of moderately low density. The endoplasmic reticulum consists of elongated, circular, and oval profiles representing the cavities of this system bounded by rough surfaced membranes. The Golgi apparatus appears localized in a region between the apical border and the nucleus, and is composed of the usual elements found in secretory cells (3, 9). At the base of the cells, a basement membrane is visible in close contact with the outer aspect of the cell membrane. A space of varying width, which seems to be occupied by connective tissue, separates the epithelial cells from the surrounding smooth muscle fibers and the blood vessels. Bodies with the appearance of portions of the cytoplasm, mitochondria, or profiles of the endoplasmic reticulum can be seen in the lumina of the acini and on the bases of these pictures and others of the apical region the mechanism of secretion by these cells is discussed. The fine structural organization of these cells is compared with that of another component of the mouse prostate—the coagulating gland.

The Fine Structure of the Respiratory Tree in Cucumaria

1964 ◽  
Vol s3-105 (69) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
WILLIAM L. DOYLE ◽  
G. FRANCES McNIELL
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Coelomic Epithelium ◽  
Free Surfaces ◽  
Respiratory Tree ◽  
Synchronous Contraction

The delicate tubules of the respiratory tree consist of 4 layers: a lining epithelium, a thick mucoid layer containing collagenous filaments, a smooth muscle net, and a coelomic epithelium. The free surfaces of both epithelia have well developed plasmodesms. Amoebocytes are present in all layers and the spherules of one type are considered to be precursors of the mucoid substance; another amoebocyte may be a fibroblast. Perpendicularly oriented smooth muscle fibres, as well as those parallel to each other, are linked by desmosomes ensuring synchronous contraction. Secretory activity is evident in distended cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum of certain epithelial cells and in the vacuoles of the lining epithelium.

Observations on the nephridial system of the cestode Moniezia expansa (Rud., 1805)

Parasitology ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 449-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Howells
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Intercellular Space ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Flame Cell ◽  
Research Scholarship ◽  
Research Facilities

The nephridial system of M. expansa has been studied using light and electron microscopy, and a number of histochemical techniques have been used on sections of the worm. The organization of the nephridial system and the fine structure of the flame cells and the nephridial ducts are described. Pores, which connect the nephridial lumen to the intercellular space of the connective tissue, exist at the junction of a flame cell and a nephridial duct. These pores may be considered nephrostomes and the system therefore is not protonephridial as defined by Hyman (1951).The epithelium lining the nephridial ducts has a structure which suggests that it is metabolically active. It is postulated that the beating of the cilia of the flame cells draws fluid into the ducts via the nephrostomes, with absorption and/or secretion of solutes being carried out by the epithelial cells of the duct walls. The function of the nephridial system is discussed.I am grateful to Professor James Brough for the provision of research facilities at the Department of Zoology, University College, Cardiff, andtoDrD. A. Erasmus for much helpful advice during the course of the work. I wish to thank Professors W. Peters and T. Wilson for critically reading the manuscript and Miss M. Williams and Mr T. Davies for expert technical assistance.I also wish to thank the Veterinary Inspector and his staff at the Roath Abattoir, Cardiff, for their kind co-operation and assistance in obtaining material.The work was carried out under the tenure of an S.R.C. research scholarship.

scholarly journals The Fine Structure of the Wheat Scutellum During Germination

1972 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 469 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG Swift ◽  
TP O'brien
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Cytological Evidence ◽  
Starch Grains ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Cytological Changes

The cytological changes that take place in the scutellar epithelium and parenchyma during the first 5 days of germination are described by light and electron microscopy. Within 6 hr small starch grains appear in the plastids of both cell types and the size and number of starch grains increase gradually as germination proceeds. Later in germination starch disappears again from the plastids in the epithelial cells, but large starch grains still remain in the parenchyma cells. The reserves of the protein bodies are hydrolysed and the residual vacuoles undergo extensive coales-cence. Modifications in the appearance of the wall material of the epithelial cells as these cells elongate are illustrated and possible functional bases for these changes are suggested. The cells of the scutellar epithelium show no cytological evidence for their known functions of diastase secretion and nutrient absorption.

Temperature Effects on Formation and Fine Structure of Brassica napus Leaf Waxes

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 309 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Armstrong ◽  
MI Whitecross
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Leaf Waxes ◽  
Surface Waxes ◽  
Biochemical Level

Incorporation of 1-14C-palmitic acid, a precursor of leaf waxes, into leaf strips of Brassica napus was examined by thin section autoradiography and electron microscopy. Label was found to be associated with mitochrondria, Golgi vesicles and endoplasmic reticulum of epidermal cells, and also with the outer epidermal wall across which cuticular lipids are expected to migrate. Variations in growth temperatures produced structural changes in surface waxes as previously reported but no specific correlation could be found between changes in surface fine structure and variations in subcellular morphology. It is concluded that variations in wax fine structure, as influenced by growth temperature, resulted from effects at the biochemical level.

scholarly journals THE FINE STRUCTURE OF DIFFERENTIATING SIEVE TUBE ELEMENTS

1965 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Benjamin Bouck ◽  
James Cronshaw
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Fibrous Material ◽  
Sieve Tube ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Sieve Plate ◽  
Wall Surface ◽  
Developmental Sequences ◽  
Tubular Form

The developmental sequences leading to the formation of mature sieve tube elements were studied in pea plants by electron microscopy. From this study it has been found that the peripheral layer of cytoplasm in the mature element is composed of flattened cisternae which are apparently derived from a tubular form of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and possibly the nuclear envelope. These flattened cisternae, designated in this report as sieve tube reticula, are attached perpendicularly to the wall surface and are oriented in a predominantly longitudinal direction. Cisternae of the sieve tube reticulum are frequently associated with the slime in mature elements, and tubular ER may be associated with slimelike material in the developing sieve tube element. During differentiation mitochondria become reduced in size and chloroplasts either fail to develop stroma and grana lamellae or lose them early in development. In agreement with other workers it is found that the sieve plate pores appear to be plugged with a finely fibrous material, presumably "slime." Nacreous wall formation is well established before reorganization of cytoplasmic components. Microtubules are prevalent during these early stages, but are lost as the element matures.

scholarly journals Crystals of Protein Nature in the Cytoplasm of Lymphatic Cells in a Case of Lymphoreticular Malignancy

Blood ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. H. DE MAN ◽  
W. B. H. MEINERS ◽  
W. Beens
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Protein Nature

Abstract The occurrence of crystals in the cytoplasm of lymphatic cells in a case of lymphoreticular malignancy—probably lymphocytic leukemia—is reported. Histochemistry revealed the protein nature of these crystals. It appeared that the protein was water-soluble, with no admixture of polysaccharides. Electron microscopy of the crystals showed a fine structure of regularly arranged thin lines with a spacing of 100 Å. The crystals were surrounded by membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum.

scholarly journals OBSERVATIONS ON THE FINE STRUCTURE OF LUTEIN CELLS

1962 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen C. Enders
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Pericapillary Space ◽  
Lutein Cell

Corpora lutea from the period of delayed implantation and from early postimplantation stages of the armadillo, mink, and rat were fixed in buffered osmium tetroxide-sucrose or potassium permanganate. After rapid dehydration, the portions of the corpora lutea were embedded in either methacrylate or epoxy resin. Examination of the lutein cells by electron microscopy revealed the presence, in the better preserved material, of an extensive development of tubular agranular endoplasmic reticulum. Although the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum are the most striking feature of the lutein cells of both stages of the three animals examined, very numerous large mitochondria with cristae that exhibit a variety of forms tending toward villiform, and protrusions and foldings of the lutein cell margins on the pericapillary space are also characteristic of these cells. Certain minor differences in the lutein cells of the species examined are also noted. No indications of conversion of mitochondria into lipid, of accumulation of lipid in the Golgi area, or of the protrusion of lutein cells into spaces between the endothelial cells, as suggested by other authors, were noted in these preparations. Some of the difficulties inherent in the visualization of the secretory activity of cells producing steroid hormones are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals FINE STRUCTURE AND ORGANELLE ASSOCIATIONS IN BROWN ALGAE

1965 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Benjamin Bouck
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Algal Cell ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Membrane Systems ◽  
Two Envelopes

The structural interrelationships among several membrane systems in the cells of brown algae have been examined by electron microscopy. In the brown algae the chloroplasts are surrounded by two envelopes, the outer of which in some cases is continuous with the nuclear envelope. The pyrenoid, when present, protrudes from the chloroplast, is also surrounded by the two chloroplast envelopes, and, in addition, is capped by a third dilated envelope or "pyrenoid sac." The regular apposition of the membranes around the pyrenoid contrasts with their looser appearance over the remainder of the chloroplast. The Golgi apparatus is closely associated with the nuclear envelope in all brown algae examined, but in the Fucales this association may extend to portions of the cytoplasmic endoplasmic reticulum as well. Evidence is presented for the derivation of vesicles, characteristic of those found in the formative region of the Golgi apparatus, from portions of the underlying nuclear envelope. The possibility that a structural channeling system for carbohydrate reserves and secretory precursors may be present in brown algae is considered. Other features of the brown algal cell, such as crystal-containing bodies, the variety of darkly staining vacuoles, centrioles, and mitochondria, are examined briefly, and compared with similar structures in other plant cells.

scholarly journals THE ACTION OF EXCESS OF VITAMIN A ALCOHOL ON THE FINE STRUCTURE OF RAT DERMAL FIBROBLASTS

1966 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary R. Daniel ◽  
J. T. Dingle ◽  
Audrey M. Glauert ◽  
J. A. Lucy
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Primary Action ◽  
Membranous Material

Rat dermal fibroblasts were grown as monolayers, and changes in the fine structure of the cells that occurred during 12 hr incubation in a medium containing protein and excess of retinol (vitamin A alcohol) were studied by electron microscopy. There is little change during the first 6 hr, although some of the nuclei have highly convoluted membranes. During the subsequent 3 hr, there is some disorganization of the mitochondrial cristae; the cisternae of the rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum diminish in number; and the amount of smooth membranous material and free ribosomes increases. There is a rapid decline in the respiratory activity of the cells after 6 hr exposure to the vitamin. It is concluded that the primary action of excess of retinol is to cause alterations in the membranes of the cells and that these alterations affect the functions of the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum.

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