Discreditation of tombarthite-(Y)

ABSTRACTTombarthite-(Y) is discredited as a mineral species. No type material was available, but material used for the original description has been located and neotype material defined. The main reason for the erroneous description of tombarthite-(Y) is the result of chemical analyses being carried out on heated material, which removed elements such as C and F. New semi-quantitative chemical analyses show that at least F is present in the fresh material, but absent after a heating scheme identical to that of the original description. Modern powder X-ray diffraction methods (XRD) confirm that the material identified as tombarthite-(Y) is a mixture of metamict and crystalline phases. Consequently, what was known as tombarthite-(Y) is not a mixture of the same minerals in equal amounts in different samples, but mixtures of various minerals depending on the sample. The main minerals identified are thalénite-(Y), xenotime-(Y) and kainosite-(Y). The discreditation of tombarthite-(Y) relies on new analyses of a large number of samples from the collection of the Natural History Museum (NHM) in Oslo and has been approved by the International Mineralogical Association Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (proposal 16-K).

Download Full-text

The discreditation of oboyerite and a note on the crystal structure of plumbotellurite

Mineralogical Magazine ◽

10.1180/mgm.2019.63 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 83 (6) ◽

pp. 791-797

Author(s):

Owen P. Missen ◽

Michael S. Rumsey ◽

Anthony R. Kampf ◽

Stuart J. Mills ◽

Malcolm E. Back ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crystal Structure ◽

Los Angeles ◽

Natural History ◽

Type Specimen ◽

Natural History Museum ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Synthetic Compound ◽

History Museum ◽

X Ray ◽

International Mineralogical Association

AbstractThe mineral ‘oboyerite’, first described in 1979 from the Grand Central mine, Tombstone, Cochise County, Arizona, USA, has been re-examined. The type specimen from the Natural History Museum, London and a specimen from the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County (traceable to S. A Williams, who first described ‘oboyerite’) were analysed in this study. The discreditation of ‘oboyerite’ as a valid mineral species has been approved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association (Proposal 19-D). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, electron probe microanalysis and scanning electron microscopy were all employed to show that ‘oboyerite’ is formed of at least two distinct phases, including the lead–tellurium oxysalt minerals ottoite and plumbotellurite. During the course of the discreditation, plumbotellurite was confirmed to be identical to the synthetic compound α-Pb2+Te4+O3. Previously, in some mineralogical literature plumbotellurite was described as orthorhombic with no known crystal structure.

Download Full-text

Redefinition of thérèsemagnanite, NaCo4(SO4)(OH)6Cl·6H2O: new data and relationship to ‘cobaltogordaite’

Mineralogical Magazine ◽

10.1180/minmag.2017.081.030 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 82 (1) ◽

pp. 159-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anatoly V. Kasatkin ◽

Jakub Plášil ◽

Radek Škoda ◽

Dmitriy I. Belakovskiy ◽

Joe Marty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crystal Structure Data ◽

New Mineral ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Oh Groups ◽

X Ray ◽

International Mineralogical Association ◽

Mineralogical Association ◽

Holotype Specimen ◽

Cl Atoms ◽

The Ideal

ABSTRACTThérèsemagnanite was originally described from the Cap Garonne mine, Var, France. Its ideal formula was reported as (Co,Zn,Ni)6(SO4)(OH,Cl)10·8H2O; without crystal structure data, only the powder X-ray diffraction pattern was given. Revision of the holotype material revealed that thérèsemagnanite is identical to ‘cobaltogordaite’ (IMA2014-043), recently described from the Blue Lizard mine, Utah, USA. Thérèsemagnanite is thus redefined in accordance with the new data obtained for the neotype specimen from Blue Lizard (formerly the holotype specimen of ‘cobaltogordaite’) and ‘cobaltogordaite’ has been discredited by the International Mineralogical Association Commission on New Mineral Nomenclature and Classification (IMA CNMNC). Thérèsemagnanite has the ideal, end-member formula NaCo4(SO4)(OH)6Cl·6H2O. The empirical formulae of the holotype (Cap Garonne) and the neotype (Blue Lizard), both based on microprobe analyses and calculated on the basis of 17 O + Cl atoms per formula unit (with fixed 6 OH groups and 6 H2O molecules; H content is calculated by stoichiometry) are (Na0.64K0.09)Σ0.73(Co2.35Zn1.22Ni0.50)Σ4.07S1.02O3.98(OH)6Cl1.02·6H2O and Na1.01(Co1.90Zn1.37Ni0.48Cu0.15Mn0.05)Σ3.95S1.03O4.09(OH)6Cl0.91·6H2O, respectively. Thérèsemagnanite is trigonal,P$\overline 3 $,a= 8.349(3),c= 13.031(2) Å,V= 786.6(4) Å3and Z = 2 (neotype). The strongest powder X-ray diffraction lines are [dobsin Å (hkl) (Irel)]: 13.10 (001)(100), 6.53 (002)(8), 4.173 (110)(4), 3.517 (112)(5), 2.975 (104, 10$\overline 4 $)(4), 2.676 (211)(5) and 2.520 (12$\bar 2$)(5) (neotype). Thérèsemagnanite is a cobalt analogue of gordaite, NaZn4(SO4)(OH)6Cl·6H2O. These minerals represent the gordaite group, accepted by the IMA CNMNC.

Download Full-text

Eleonorite, Fe63+(PO4)4O(OH)4·6H2O: validation as a mineral species and new data

Mineralogical Magazine ◽

10.1180/minmag.2016.080.070 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 61-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nikita V. Chukanov ◽

Sergey M. Aksenov ◽

Ramiza K. Rastsvetaeva ◽

Christof Schäfer ◽

Igor V. Pekov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mineral Species ◽

Monoclinic Space Group ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

International Mineralogical Association ◽

Mineralogical Association ◽

Iron Mine ◽

Mohs Hardness ◽

Heteropolyhedral Framework ◽

Mössbauer Analysis

AbstractEleonorite, ideally Fe63+(PO4)4O(OH)4·6H2O, the analogue of beraunite Fe2+Fe53+(PO4)4O(OH)5·6H2O with Fe2+ completely substituted by Fe3+, has been approved by the International Mineralogical Association Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification as a mineral species (IMA 2015-003). The mineral was first described on material from the Eleonore Iron mine, Dünsberg, near Giessen, Hesse, Germany, but during this study further samples were required and a neotype locality is the Rotläufchen mine, Waldgirmes, Wetzlar, Hesse, Germany, where eleonorite is associated with goethite, rockbridgeite, dufrénite, kidwellite, variscite, matulaite, planerite, cacoxenite, strengite and wavellite. Usually eleonorite occurs as red-brown prismatic crystals up to 0.2 mm × 0.5 mm × 3.5 mm in size and in random or radial aggregates up to 5 mm across encrusting cavities in massive 'limonite'. The mineral is brittle. Its Mohs hardness is 3. Dmeas = 2.92(1), Dcalc = 2.931 g cm–3. The IR spectrum is given. Eleonorite is optically biaxial (+), α = 1.765(4), β = 1.780(5), γ = 1.812(6), 2Vmeas = 75(10)°, 2Vcalc = 70°. The chemical composition (electron microprobe data, H2O analysed by chromatography of products of ignition at 1200°C, wt.%) is: Al2O3 1.03, Mn2O3 0.82, Fe2O3 51.34, P2O5 31.06, H2O 16.4, total 99.58. All iron was determined as being trivalent from a Mössbauer analysis. The empirical formula (based on 27 O apfu) is (Fe5.763+Al0.18Mn0.093+)∑6.03(PO4)3.92O(OH)4.34·5.98H2O. The crystal structure (R = 0.0633) is similar to that of beraunite and is based on a heteropolyhedral framework formed by M(1–4)Ø6-octahedra (where M = Fe3+; Ø = O2–, OH– or H2O) and isolated PO4 tetrahedra, with a wide channel occupied by H2O molecules. Eleonorite is monoclinic, space group C2/c, a = 20.679(10), b = 5.148(2), c = 19.223(9) Å, β = 93.574(9)°, V = 2042.5(16) Å3 and Z = 4. The strongest reflections of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern [d, Å (I,%) (Hkl)] are 10.41 (100) (200), 9.67 (38) (002), 7.30 (29) (202̄), 4.816 (31) (111, 004), 3.432 (18) (600, 114, 404, 313), 3.197 (18) (510, 511̄, 006, 314̄, 602), 3.071 (34) (314, 115̄).

Download Full-text

Kishonite, VH2, and Oreillyite, Cr2N, Two New Minerals from the Corundum Xenocrysts of Mt Carmel, Northern Israel

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min10121118 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1118

Author(s):

Luca Bindi ◽

Fernando Cámara ◽

Sarah E. M. Gain ◽

William L. Griffin ◽

Jin-Xiang Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Crystal ◽

Volatile Species ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Space Group ◽

X Ray ◽

International Mineralogical Association ◽

Mineralogical Association ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Deep Earth

Here, we describe two new minerals, kishonite (VH2) and oreillyite (Cr2N), found in xenoliths occurring in pyroclastic ejecta of small Cretaceous basaltic volcanoes exposed on Mount Carmel, Northern Israel. Kishonite was studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and was found to be cubic, space group Fm3¯m, with a = 4.2680(10) Å, V = 77.75(3) Å3, and Z = 4. Oreillyite was studied by both single-crystal X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy and was found to be trigonal, space group P3¯1m, with a = 4.7853(5) Å, c = 4.4630(6) Å, V = 88.51 Å3, and Z = 3. The presence of such a mineralization in these xenoliths supports the idea of the presence of reduced fluids in the sublithospheric mantle influencing the transport of volatile species (e.g., C, H) from the deep Earth to the surface. The minerals and their names have been approved by the Commission of New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association (No. 2020-023 and 2020-030a).

Download Full-text

The discreditation of girdite

Mineralogical Magazine ◽

10.1180/minmag.2016.080.162 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 81 (5) ◽

pp. 1125-1128 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Anthony R. Kampf ◽

Stuart J. Mills ◽

Mike S. Rumsey

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Natural History ◽

Smithsonian Institution ◽

Original Description ◽

The United States ◽

National Museum ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

History Museum ◽

X Ray ◽

Cochise County

AbstractGirdite, a mineral described byWilliams in 1979 from the Grand Central mine, Tombstone, Cochise County, Arizona, USA, has been re-examined by powder X-ray diffraction, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and electron microprobe. Type material from The Natural History Museum, London and the United States National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution) was examined. The original description of girdite is shown to have been based upon data obtained from at least two and possibly three different phases, one corresponding to ottoite and another probably corresponding to oboyerite, although the latter itself appears to be a mixture. The discreditation of girdite as a valid mineral species has been approved by the IMA-CNMNC, Proposal 16-G.

Download Full-text

The crystal structure of gatehouseite

Mineralogical Magazine ◽

10.1180/minmag.2011.075.6.2823 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 75 (6) ◽

pp. 2823-2832

Author(s):

P. Elliott ◽

A. Pring

Keyword(s):

Crystal Structure ◽

Hydrogen Bonding ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Direct Methods ◽

Chemical Analyses ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Manganese Phosphate ◽

Phosphate Mineral ◽

Unit Formula

AbstractThe crystal structure of the manganese phosphate mineral gatehouseite, ideally Mn52+(PO4)2(OH)4, space group P212121, a = 17.9733(18), b = 5.6916(11), c = 9.130(4) Å, V= 933.9(4) Å3, Z = 4, has been solved by direct methods and refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data (T = 293 K) to an R index of 3.76%. Gatehouseite is isostructural with arsenoclasite and with synthetic Mn52+(PO4)2(OH)4. The structure contains five octahedrally coordinated Mn sites, occupied by Mn plus very minor Mg with observed <Mn—O> distances from 2.163 to 2.239 Å. Two tetrahedrally coordinated P sites, occupied by P, Si and As, have <P—O> distances of 1.559 and 1.558 Å. The structure comprises two types of building unit. A strip of edge-sharing Mn(O,OH)6 octahedra, alternately one and two octahedra wide, extends along [010]. Chains of edge- and corner-shared Mn(O,OH)6 octahedra coupled by PO4 tetrahedra extend along [010]. By sharing octahedron and tetrahedron corners, these two units form a dense three-dimensional framework, which is further strengthened by weak hydrogen bonding. Chemical analyses by electron microprobe gave a unit formula of (Mn4.99Mg0.02)Σ5.01(P1.76Si0.07(As0.07)Σ2.03O8(OH)3.97.

Download Full-text

Potassic-jeanlouisite from Leucite Hill, Wyoming, USA, ideally K(NaCa)(Mg4Ti)Si8O22O2: the first species of oxo amphibole in the sodium–calcium subgroup

Mineralogical Magazine ◽

10.1180/mgm.2019.38 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 83 (4) ◽

pp. 587-593

Author(s):

Roberta Oberti ◽

Massimo Boiocchi ◽

Frank C. Hawthorne ◽

Giancarlo Della Ventura ◽

Gunnar Färber

Keyword(s):

Microprobe Analysis ◽

Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽

Structure Refinement ◽

Crystal Structure Refinement ◽

Unit Cell Parameters ◽

X Ray ◽

International Mineralogical Association ◽

Cell Parameters ◽

Mineralogical Association ◽

Sodium Calcium

AbstractPotassic-jeanlouisite, ideally K(NaCa)(Mg4Ti)Si8O22O2, is the first characterised species of oxo amphibole related to the sodium–calcium group, and derives from potassic richterite via the coupled exchange CMg–1W${\rm OH}_{{\rm \ndash 2}}^{\ndash}{} ^{\rm C}{\rm Ti}_1^{{\rm 4 +}} {} ^{\rm W}\!{\rm O}_2^{2\ndash} $. The mineral and the mineral name were approved by the International Mineralogical Association Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification, IMA2018-050. Potassic-jeanlouisite was found in a specimen of leucite which is found in the lava layers, collected in the active gravel quarry on Zirkle Mesa, Leucite Hills, Wyoming, USA. It occurs as pale yellow to colourless acicular crystals in small vugs. The empirical formula derived from electron microprobe analysis and single-crystal structure refinement is: A(K0.84Na0.16)Σ1.00B(Ca0.93Na1.02Mg0.04${\rm Mn}_{{\rm 0}{\rm. 01}}^{2 +} $)Σ2.00C(Mg3.85${\rm Fe}_{{\rm 0}{\rm. 16}}^{2 +} $Ni0.01${\rm Fe}_{{\rm 0}{\rm. 33}}^{3 +} {\rm V}_{{\rm 0}{\rm. 01}}^{3 +} $Ti0.65)Σ5.01T(Si7.76Al0.09Ti0.15)Σ8.00O22W[O1.53F0.47]Σ2.00. The holotype crystal is biaxial (–), with α = 1.674(2), β = 1.688(2), γ = 1.698(2), 2Vmeas. = 79(1)° and 2Vcalc. = 79.8°. The unit-cell parameters are a = 9.9372(10), b = 18.010(2), c = 5.2808(5) Å, β = 104.955(2)°, V = 913.1(2) Å3, Z = 2 and space group C2/m. The strongest eight reflections in the powder X-ray pattern [d values (in Å) (I) (hkl)] are: 2.703 (100) (151); 3.380 (87) (131); 2.541 (80) ($\bar 2$02); 3.151 (70) (310); 3.284 (68) (240); 8.472 (59) (110); 2.587 (52) (061); 2.945 (50) (221,$\bar 1$51).

Download Full-text

EFFECTS OF IGNEOUS INTRUSION ON THE MINERALOGICAL CONTENT OF IRATI FORMATION, PARANÁ BASIN, IN SAPOPEMA (PR), SOUTHERN BRAZIL

Journal of Sedimentary Environments ◽

10.12957/jse.2019.45796 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 350-360

Author(s):

Werlem Holanda ◽

Anderson Costa dos Santos ◽

Camila Cardoso Nogueira ◽

Luiz Carlos Bertolino ◽

Sérgio Bergamaschi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Host Rock ◽

Mineral Assemblage ◽

Sedimentary Basins ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Mineralogical Association ◽

Irati Formation ◽

Igneous Intrusions ◽

Rock Association

Igneous intrusions in sedimentary basins are commonly related with mineralogical association changes in host-rock. At Sapopema region (Paraná State, southern Brazil), an extensive diabase sill (associated to Serra Geral Formation) was emplaced in pelitic-carbonate succession during post-Triassic. The sedimentary host-rock association includes mostly shale, siltstone and carbonate of the Permian Irati Formation. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) data revealed that heat transfer was not enough to cause modifications in mineral assemblage of the Taquaral Member (quartz + albite + muscovite + illite + kaolinite + chlorite). However, mineralogical content from Assistência Member presented changes probably caused by the intrusion of diabase sill (talc + pyrophyllite + calcite). Talc and calcite were formed due to the reaction between dolomite and quartz, while pyrophyllite was the product of reaction between kaolinite and quartz. EFEITOS DA INTRUSÃO IGNEA NA COMPOSIÇÃO MINERALÓGICA DA FORMAÇÃO IRATI, BACIA DO PARANÁ, SAPOPEMA (PR), SUL DO BRASIL ResumoAs intrusões ígneas em bacias sedimentares dão origem em geral a alterações mineralógicas da rocha hospedeira. Na região de Sapopema (Estado do Paraná, sul do Brasil), uma extensa soleira de diabásio (associada à Formação Serra Geral) pós-Triássica, foi intrudida numa sucessão sedimentar constituída por pelitos e carbonatos. A associação de rochas sedimentares hospedeiras, era principalmente constituída por folhelho, siltito e carbonato da Formação Irati, do Permiano. Dados de difração de raios X (DRX), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e espectroscopia de energia dispersiva (EDS) revelaram que a transferência de calor não foi suficiente para causar modificações na composição mineralógica do membro Taquaral (quartzo + albita + moscovita + ilita + caulinita + clorita). No entanto, o conteúdo mineralógico do Membro Assistência apresentou alterações, provavelmente causadas pela intrusão do diabásio (talco + pirofilita + calcita). O talco e a calcita foram formados devido à reação entre dolomita e quartzo, enquanto a pirofilita foi o produto da reação entre a caulinita e o quartzo. Palavras-chave: Bacia Sedimentar. Intrusões Ígneas. Metamorfização de sedimentos. Reações mineralógicas. XRD. SEM / EDS.

Download Full-text

THE INFLUENCE OF THE META-STABLE TRIPLE POINT SOLUTION OF MONOCALCIUM PHOSPHATE MONOHYDRATE UPON THE CLAY SEPARATES OF TWO ONTARIO SOILS

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss63-032 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 260-267

Author(s):

A. F. MacKenzie ◽

C. A. Campbell

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Triple Point ◽

Thermal Analyses ◽

Chemical Analyses ◽

Clay Loam ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Monocalcium Phosphate ◽

X Ray ◽

Point Solution ◽

Soil Clay

Samples of material less than 2 μ in diameter were obtained from the surface horizon of a Guelph loam and of a Haldimand clay loam. These samples were subjected to six successive treatments with the meta-stable triple point solution of monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MTPS) to simulate the environment near a dissolving superphosphate granule. Samples of montmorillonite and illite standard clays were also included. The dissolution losses in per cent were: Guelph clay 59.5, Haldimand clay 40.4, montmorillonite 3.4, and illite 8.1. Total chemical analyses, X-ray diffraction techniques, differential thermal analyses and electron microscope observations were used to determine the nature of these losses. In the soil clay separates, vermiculite and interstratified montmorillonite were more susceptible to the action of MTPS than were the illite or halloysite clay minerals.

Download Full-text

Chemical Synthesis and Properties of Layered Co1-yNiyO2-δOxides (0≤y≤1)

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-658-gg8.12 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 658 ◽

Author(s):

A. Manthiram ◽

R. V. Chebiam ◽

F. Prado

Keyword(s):

Layer Structure ◽

Magnetic Data ◽

Chemical Analyses ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Absorption Bands ◽

X Ray ◽

Ni Content ◽

Wet Chemical ◽

Oxide Ions ◽

Structure Layer

ABSTRACTLayered Co1-yNiyO2-δ oxides with 0≤y≤1 have been synthesized by chemically extracting lithium from LiNi1-yCoyO2 with NO2PF6 at ambient temperature. The samples have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, wet-chemical analyses, infrared spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. While NiO2-δ retains the initial O3 (CdCl2 structure) layer structure of LiNiO2, CoO2-δ consists of a mixture of P3 and O1 (CdI2 structure) phases that are formed by a sliding of the oxide ions in the initial O3 structure. CoO2-δ and NiO2-δ have oxygen contents of, respectively, 1.67 and 1.95 and the oxygen content increases with increasing Ni content, y, in Co1-yNiyO2-δ. While CoO2-δ exhibits metallic conductivity as revealed by theabsence of absorption bands in the infrared spectrum, NiO2-δ exhibits semiconducting behavior due to a completely filled t2g band. Magnetic data reveal a transition from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic correlations as the Ni content in Co1-yNiyO2-δ increases.

Download Full-text