iron mine
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2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Si-Tong Ren ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Xin-Yi Yang ◽  
Ding-Gui Tong ◽  
Gao-Feng Ren

The transition from surface mining to underground is a critical issue for metal mines. The commonly cited procedure cored by ultimate-pit-limit (UPL) methodology is restricted to maximize the profit from both surface and underground mining, due to the absence of the integration of the profit from either of them. Under the target for such maximization, this study proposes a new optimization approach, which directly relates the design of open-pit limit and underground stopes, by equalizing the marginal profit from either surface or underground mining. The variation of the crown pillar size is involved in this approach. The proposed approach is applied to the Dagushan iron mine, and results show the total profit increased from 3.79 billion CNYs (original design by conventional UPL methodology) to 4.17 billion CNYs (optimal design by the proposed approach), by 9.91%. Moreover, the marginal profit from surface and underground mining, as well as total profit, of all possible designs of surface-to-underground mining transition in Dagushan iron mine is calculated to validate the proposed approach. When the marginal profits satisfy the criterion of the proposed approach, the maximum value of the total profit appears, and this demonstrates the proposed approach is robust to maximize the total profit in surface-to-underground mining transition. This work contributes to existing literature studies primarily from practical aspect, by providing a unified approach to optimize the transition from surface to underground mining.


Author(s):  
Mahdi Mahdizadeh ◽  
Peyman Afzal ◽  
Mosleh Eftekhari ◽  
Kaveh Ahangari

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianling Liu ◽  
Zhongjian Zhang ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Wenping Mu ◽  
Huijie Zhang ◽  
...  

AbstractThe identification of open-pit mine water sources is of great significance in preventing water disasters. Combined with hydrochemistry and multivariate statistical analysis, this paper systematically analyzed the hydraulic connections between aquifers and the complex seepage water sources in the pit and roadway of Dagushan iron mine through qualitative analysis and quantitative calculation. According to the hydrochemical characteristics of the study area, the causes of seepage water at different positions in the mining area were reasonably explained. The results show that there is a possible hydraulic connection or similar source of water body between the bedrock fissure aquifer and the eluvium pore aquifer. The water seepage of 2# roadway mainly comes from bedrock fissure aquifer in the north of mining area. The reason for serious water seepage in the 3# roadway and the western side of the pit is that the fault connects the shallow alluvial pore aquifer and bedrock fissure aquifer. The source of water on the southern side pit comes from the river and groundwater on the southern side of the mine. The results presented here provide significant guidance for the management of mine water seepage problems.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2463
Author(s):  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Pengfei Wei ◽  
Joseph Frazer Banda ◽  
Linqiang Ma ◽  
Weiao Mao ◽  
...  

The reclamation of mine dump is largely centered on the role played by microorganisms. However, the succession of microbial community structure and function in ecological restoration of the mine soils is still poorly understood. In this study, soil samples with different stacking time were collected from the dump of an iron mine in China and the physicochemical characteristics and microbial communities of these samples were comparatively investigated. The results showed that the fresh bare samples had the lowest pH, highest ion concentration, and were the most deficient in nutrients while the acidity and ion concentration of old bare samples decreased significantly, and the nutritional conditions improved remarkably. Vegetated samples had the weakest acidity, lowest ion concentration, and the highest nutrient concentration. In the fresh mine soils, the iron/sulfur-oxidizers such as Acidiferrobacter and Sulfobacillus were dominant, resulting in the strongest acidity. Bacteria from genera Acidibacter, Metallibacterium, and phyla Cyanobacteria, WPS-2 were abundant in the old bare samples, which contributed to the pH increase and TOC accumulation respectively. Acidobacteriota predominated in the vegetated samples and promoted nutrient enrichment and plant growth significantly. The microbial diversity and evenness of the three types of soils increased gradually, with more complex microbial networks, suggesting that the microbial community became more mature with time and microorganisms co-evolved with the mine soils.


2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana de Carvalho Izidoro ◽  
Michelle Caroline Kim ◽  
Valentina Ferraraccio Bellelli ◽  
Mara Cristina Pane ◽  
Amilton Barbosa Botelho Junior ◽  
...  

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1619
Author(s):  
Yuye Tan ◽  
Mochuan Guo ◽  
Yimin Hao ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Weidong Song

Non-pillar sublevel caving is beginning to use large structural parameters in China. Appropriate structural parameters can effectively control the loss and dilution of stope and improve ore drawing efficiency. In this study, taking Chengchao Iron Mine as the engineering background, a theoretical calculation, a numerical simulation, and physical similarity experiments were combined to optimize sublevel height, production drift spacing, and drawing space. The optimal structural parameter range, based on the ellipsoid ore drawing theory, was obtained as a theoretical reference for subsequent studies. A “two-step” strategy was used, in which PFC2D software (Itasca Consulting Group, Minneapolis, MN, USA) was used to numerically simulate 20 groups of different sublevel heights and production drift spacing parameters were used to determine the appropriate sublevel height and production drift spacing for the project. Subsequently, the optimization of the ore drawing space was studied using PFC3D (Itasca Consulting Group, Minneapolis, MN, USA) particle unit software, numerical simulation analysis, and similar physical experiments. The results showed that safe and efficient mining can be achieved when the structural parameters of the stope are 17.5 m sublevel height, 20 m production drift spacing, and 6 m drawing space. The findings of this study can further the goal of green and efficient mining, and provide a theoretical reference for the popularization and application of pillarless sublevel caving with large structural parameters at home and abroad. It is an effective measure for the green mining of caving mines.


Author(s):  
Lei Hao ◽  
Ningbo Li ◽  
Xinji Xu ◽  
Qingsong Zhang ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1270
Author(s):  
Ranita De ◽  
Kulkarni Uday Prakash ◽  
Eunice S. Edison

Iron is one of the most abundant metals on earth and is vital for the growth and survival of life forms. It is crucial for the functioning of plants and animals as it is an integral component of the photosynthetic apparatus and innumerable proteins and enzymes. It plays a pivotal role in haematopoiesis and affects the development and differentiation of different haematopoietic lineages, apart from its obvious necessity in erythropoiesis. A large amount of iron stores in humans is diverted towards the latter process, as iron is an indispensable component of haemoglobin. This review summarises the important players of iron metabolism and homeostasis that have been discovered in recent years and highlights the overall significance of iron in haematopoiesis. Its role in maintenance of haematopoietic stem cells, influence on differentiation of varied haematopoietic lineages and consequences of iron deficiency/overloading on development and maturation of different groups of haematopoietic cells have been discussed.


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