Xonotlite and rodingites from Wairere, New Zealand

1973 ◽  
Vol 39 (302) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. O'Brien ◽  
K. A. Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Metasomatic Process

SummaryXenoliths of eucritic gabbros in an alpine-serpentinite body at Wairere have been altered to rodingites and xonotlite about their margins by hydrothermal metasomatism at temperatures between 430–470°C A chemical analysis and the optical properties of the xonotlite are reported, the textures of the rocks are described, and the metasomatic process is discussed.

Sector growth and symmetry of (F,OH) apatite from the Asio mine, Japan

1994 ◽  
Vol 58 (391) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizuhiko Akizuki ◽  
Hirotugu Nisidoh ◽  
Yasuhiro Kudoh ◽  
Tomohiro Watanabe ◽  
Kazuo Kurata
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Growth Surface ◽  
Complete Disappearance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid Crystal ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Growth Features

AbstractA study of apatite crystals from the Asio mine, Japan, showed sectoral texture related to the growth of the crystal, and with optically biaxial properties within the sectors. Wet chemical analysis gave a composition Ca5(PO4)3(F0.64,OH0.38,Cl0.01)1.03 for the specimen.Additional diffraction spots were not observed in precession and oscillation X-ray photographs and electron diffraction photographs. Since the internal textures correlate with the surface growth features, it is suggested that the internal textures and the unusual optical properties were produced during nonequilibrium crystal growth. The fluorine/hydroxyl sites in hexagonal apatite are symmetrically equivalent in the solid crystal but, at a growth surface, this equivalence may be lost, resulting in a reduction of crystal symmetry. Heating of the apatite to about 850°C results in the almost complete disappearance of the optical anomalies due to disordering, which may be related to the loss of hydroxyl from the crystal.

Optical properties of leaves in relation to anthocyanin concentration and distribution

2000 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
pp. 1777-1782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Neill ◽  
Kevin S Gould
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Pigment Concentration ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Tacit Assumption ◽  
Content Variation ◽  
Leaf Optical Properties ◽  
Anthocyanin Concentration ◽  
Anthocyanin Production

We have tested the tacit assumption that the location of anthocyanic cells within a leaf affects the quality and quantity of light that is absorbed. Leaf optics are described for Quintinia serrata A. Cunn., a native New Zealand tree that is polymorphic for anthocyanin distribution and concentration. Anthocyanin production enhanced the absorptance of green-yellow wavelengths in proportion to pigment concentration. The reflectance of red light was independent of leaf anthocyanin content. Variation in the location of pigmented cells could not account for differences in leaf optics. The effects of anthocyanin on PAR absorptance were consistent across six further, unrelated species that bore red leaves. We conclude that anthocyanin concentration, rather than its histological distribution, has the greater impact on leaf optical properties.

An optical and X-ray examination of the basic-slag mineral silicocarnotite

1949 ◽  
Vol 28 (204) ◽  
pp. 496-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Riley ◽  
E. R. Segnit
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Basic Slag ◽  
X Ray

Blue pleochroic crystals obtained from basic slag were first described by Carnot and Richard. They published a chemical analysis, some of the optical properties, and a brief description of the forms they observed. The crystals were stated to be orthorhombic, with a composition of 5CaO.P205.SiO2. Several authors later described similar crystals. None, however, gave a thorough account of the optical properties. These various papers were summarized and discussed by Kroll, who accepted Carnot's formula, but concluded, from Bücking and Linck's examination, that the material was monoclinic. Kroll applied the rather unfortunate term ‘silico-carnotite’ to these crystals.The present work shows that silicocarnotite occurs in only one modification–orthorhombic. The crystals drawn by Bricking and Linck and described as monoclinic are, in fact, identical with our orthorhombie crystals.

scholarly journals On an artificial substance resembling shell; by Leonard Horner, Esq. F. R. S. L. and Ed.: with an account of the examination of the same; by Sir David Brewster, K. H., LL. D

1837 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 375-377
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Polished Surface ◽  
Double Refraction ◽  
External Appearance ◽  
Mechanical Structure ◽  
Brown Colour ◽  
Lime Water ◽  
Foliated Structure

The author, having noticed a singular incrustation on both the internal and external surfaces of a wooden dash-wheel, used in bleaching, at the Cotton Factory of Messrs. J. Finlay and Co., at Catrine, in Ayrshire, instituted a minute examination of the properties and composition of this new substance. He describes it as being compact in its texture, of a brown colour, and highly polished surface, with a metallic lustre, and presenting in some parts a beautiful iridescent appearance: when broken, it exhibits a foliated structure. Its obvious resemblance, in all these respects, to many kinds of shell, led the author to inquire into its intimate mechanical structure, and into the circumstances of its formation. He found, by chemical analysis, that it was composed of precisely the same ingredients as shell; namely, carbonate of lime and animal matter. The presence of the former was easily accounted for; as the cotton cloths which are placed in the compartments of the wheel, in order that they may be thoroughly cleansed by being dashed against its sides, during its rapid revolutions, have been previously steeped and boiled in lime water. But it was more difficult to ascertain the source of the animal matter; this, however, was at length traced to the small portion of glue, which, in the factory where the cloth had been manufactured, was employed as an ingredient in forming the paste, or dressing, used to smooth and stiffen the warp before it is put into the loom. These two materials, namely lime and gelatine, being present in the water in a state of extreme division, are deposited very slowly by evaporation; and thus compose a substance which has a remarkable analogy to shell, not only in external appearance, and even pearly lustre, but also in its internal foliated structure, and which likewise exhibits the same optical properties with respect to double refraction and polarizing powers.

A method for estimating inherent optical properties of New Zealand continental shelf waters from satellite ocean colour measurements

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew H. Pinkerton ◽  
Gerald F. Moore ◽  
Samantha J. Lavender ◽  
Mark P. Gall ◽  
Kadija Oubelkheir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Ocean Colour ◽  
Inherent Optical Properties ◽  
Colour Measurements

The partitioning of zinc, manganese, cadmium and selenium within copepods in oceanic waters east of New Zealand

2005 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Douglas S. Mackie ◽  
Keith A. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
Austral Spring ◽  
Chemical Leaching ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Elemental Associations

The partitioning of Zn, Mn, Cd and Se within mesozooplankton, mainly calanoid copepods, is reported for two geographically close but biogeochemically distinct water masses (subtropical (ST) and subantarctic (SA) waters) during a transect east of New Zealand in austral spring 1997. Particular attention was paid to avoiding sample contamination during collection, handling and chemical analysis by using trace metal clean techniques. Mesozooplankton underwent a sequential chemical leaching scheme to determine the degree and type of elemental associations within labile and refractory tissues. All four elements showed a positive correlation with the phosphorus content of each fraction indicating a consistent relationship to the amount of tissue dissolved in each fraction. Ratios of Cd : P and Zn : P in samples from SA waters were over twice those in ST waters. However, no significant differences were found between Mn : P and Se : P ratios for samples from the two water masses.

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS ON VOLCANICLASTIC DEPOSITS FROM THE TARANAKI BASIN, NEW ZEALAND

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Daniel Smith ◽  
◽  
Corey Brazell ◽  
Megan Pickard
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Volcaniclastic Deposits

Holtite: a new mineral allied to dumortierite

1971 ◽  
Vol 38 (293) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Pryce
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Free Basis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Government

SummaryHoltite, a new mineral allied to dumortierite, occurred as pebbles with stibiotantalite and tantalite on an alluvial tin lease near Greenbushes, Western Australia, and is named after the late H. E. Holt, Prime Minister of Australia.The mineral is orthorhombic with a 11·905 Å, b 20·355 Å, c 4·690 Å, space group Pmcn, weak supercell 2a, 2b, c developed. Crystals are elongated along c, D 3·90 ± 0·02, hardness 8½, fluorescent. Optical properties α 1·743−1·746, mainly yellow, ‖ [001], β 1·756−1·759, colourless, γ 1·758−1·761, colourless, 2Vα 49−55°, r < v. X-ray powder data are given.Chemical analysis gave SiO2 20·30, Sb2O5 4·61, Al2O3 46·43, Ta2O5 11·24, Nb2O5 0·76, Fe2O3 0·27, MnO 0·05, TiO2 0·09, BeO 0·05, B2O3 1·82, Sb2O3 13·89, H2O+ 0·38, H2O− 0·08, sum 99·97%. On a water-free basis the unit cell contains Al24·5Sb2·56‴Ta1·36Sb0·76vNb0·16Fe0·10‴Be0·05Ti0·03Mn0·02B1·40‴Si9·09O66·85. Compared with dumortierite, 4[(A1,Fe)7BSi3O18] or 4 (X11O18), the holtite unit cell contains approximately 4(X10O17).Type material is preserved at the Government Chemical Laboratories, Perth, Western Australia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document