scholarly journals How I treat influenza in patients with hematologic malignancies

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (7) ◽  
pp. 1331-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey Casper ◽  
Janet Englund ◽  
Michael Boeckh
Keyword(s):  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
The Novel ◽  
H1n1 Strain ◽  
2009 H1n1

Abstract The 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic has heightened the interest of clinicians for options in the prevention and management of influenza virus infection in immunocompromised patients. Even before the emergence of the novel 2009 H1N1 strain, influenza disease was a serious complication in patients with hematologic malignancies receiving chemotherapy or undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation. Here we review the clinical manifestations of seasonal and 2009 H1N1 influenza and discuss current diagnosis, antiviral treatment, and prophylaxis options. We also summarize infection control and vaccination strategies for patients, family members, and caregivers.

Utility of Influenza Vaccination for Oncology Patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (14) ◽  
pp. 2481-2490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Pollyea ◽  
Janice M.Y. Brown ◽  
Sandra J. Horning
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
The Novel ◽  
H1n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Immunological Responses ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
H1n1 Strain ◽  
Novel H1n1 Influenza

Every fall and winter, patients with cancer and their families ask oncologists whether they should be vaccinated for influenza. This season, with escalating concerns regarding the novel H1N1 influenza virus and its recently approved vaccine, this question has become more frequent and increasingly urgent. The purpose of this article is to review evidence related to the ability of patients with cancer to mount protective immunological responses to influenza vaccination. The literature on immunogenicity in pediatric and adult patients, those with solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, untreated and actively treated patients, and patients receiving biologic agents is summarized and reviewed. In addition, we report on potential strategies to improve the efficacy of influenza vaccination in patients with cancer, such as the timing of vaccination, use of more than a one-shot series, increasing the antigen dose, and the use of adjuvant therapies. We conclude that there is evidence that patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy are able to respond to influenza vaccination, and because this intervention is safe, inexpensive, and widely available, vaccination for seasonal influenza and the novel H1N1 strain is indicated.

scholarly journals Seasonality and immunity to laboratory-confirmed seasonal coronaviruses (HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-229E): results from the Flu Watch cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Aldridge ◽  
Dan Lewer ◽  
Sarah Beale ◽  
Anne M. Johnson ◽  
Maria Zambon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Government Response ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
2009 H1n1 ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Uk

Background: There is currently a pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The intensity and duration of this first and second waves in the UK may be dependent on whether SARS-CoV-2 transmits more effectively in the winter than the summer and the UK Government response is partially built upon the assumption that those infected will develop immunity to reinfection in the short term. In this paper we examine evidence for seasonality and immunity to laboratory-confirmed seasonal coronavirus (HCoV) from a prospective cohort study in England. Methods: In this analysis of the Flu Watch cohort, we examine seasonal trends for PCR-confirmed coronavirus infections (HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-229E) in all participants during winter seasons (2006-2007, 2007-2008, 2008-2009) and during the first wave of the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic (May-Sep 2009). We also included data from the pandemic and ‘post-pandemic’ winter seasons (2009-2010 and 2010-2011) to identify individuals with two confirmed HCoV infections and examine evidence for immunity against homologous reinfection. Results: We tested 1,104 swabs taken during respiratory illness and detected HCoV in 199 during the first four seasons. The rate of confirmed HCoV infection across all seasons was 390 (95% CI 338-448) per 100,000 person-weeks; highest in the Nov-Mar 2008/9 season at 674 (95%CI 537-835) per 100,000 person-weeks. The highest rate was in February at 759 (95% CI 580-975) per 100,000 person-weeks. Data collected during May-Sep 2009 showed there was small amounts of ongoing transmission, with four cases detected during this period. Eight participants had two confirmed infections, of which none had the same strain twice. Conclusion: Our results provide evidence that HCoV infection in England is most intense in winter, but that there is a small amount of ongoing transmission during summer periods. We found some evidence of immunity against homologous reinfection.

scholarly journals Seasonality and immunity to laboratory-confirmed seasonal coronaviruses (HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-229E): results from the Flu Watch cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Aldridge ◽  
Dan Lewer ◽  
Sarah Beale ◽  
Anne M. Johnson ◽  
Maria Zambon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Government Response ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
2009 H1n1 ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Uk

Background: There is currently a pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The intensity and duration of this first wave in the UK may be dependent on whether SARS-CoV-2 transmits more effectively in the winter than the summer and the UK Government response is partially built upon the assumption that those infected will develop immunity to reinfection in the short term. In this paper we examine evidence for seasonality and immunity to laboratory-confirmed seasonal coronavirus (HCoV) from a prospective cohort study in England. Methods: In this analysis of the Flu Watch cohort, we examine seasonal trends for PCR-confirmed coronavirus infections (HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-229E) in all participants during winter seasons (2006-2007, 2007-2008, 2008-2009) and during the first wave of the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic (May-Sep 2009). We also included data from the pandemic and ‘post-pandemic’ winter seasons (2009-2010 and 2010-2011) to identify individuals with two confirmed HCoV infections and examine evidence for immunity against homologous reinfection. Results: We tested 1,104 swabs taken during respiratory illness and detected HCoV in 199 during the first four seasons. The rate of confirmed HCoV infection across all seasons was 390 (95% CI 338-448) per 100,000 person-weeks; highest in the Nov-Mar 2008/9 season at 674 (95%CI 537-835). The highest rate was in February at 759 (95% CI 580-975). Data collected during May-Sep 2009 showed there was small amounts of ongoing transmission, with four cases detected during this period. Eight participants had two confirmed infections, of which none had the same strain twice. Conclusion: Our results provide evidence that HCoV infection in England is most intense in winter, but that there is a small amount of ongoing transmission during summer periods. We found some evidence of immunity against homologous reinfection.

scholarly journals Sequential Seasonal H1N1 Influenza Virus Infections Protect Ferrets against Novel 2009 H1N1 Influenza Virus

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 1400-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. Carter ◽  
Chalise E. Bloom ◽  
Eduardo J. M. Nascimento ◽  
Ernesto T. A. Marques ◽  
Jodi K. Craigo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
H1n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Shedding ◽  
2009 H1n1 ◽  
Novel H1n1 Influenza

ABSTRACTIndividuals <60 years of age had the lowest incidence of infection, with ∼25% of these people having preexisting, cross-reactive antibodies to novel 2009 H1N1 influenza. Many people >60 years old also had preexisting antibodies to novel H1N1. These observations are puzzling because the seasonal H1N1 viruses circulating during the last 60 years were not antigenically similar to novel H1N1. We therefore hypothesized that a sequence of exposures to antigenically different seasonal H1N1 viruses can elicit an antibody response that protects against novel 2009 H1N1. Ferrets were preinfected with seasonal H1N1 viruses and assessed for cross-reactive antibodies to novel H1N1. Serum from infected ferrets was assayed for cross-reactivity to both seasonal and novel 2009 H1N1 strains. These results were compared to those of ferrets that were sequentially infected with H1N1 viruses isolated prior to 1957 or more-recently isolated viruses. Following seroconversion, ferrets were challenged with novel H1N1 influenza virus and assessed for viral titers in the nasal wash, morbidity, and mortality. There was no hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) cross-reactivity in ferrets infected with any single seasonal H1N1 influenza viruses, with limited protection to challenge. However, sequential H1N1 influenza infections reduced the incidence of disease and elicited cross-reactive antibodies to novel H1N1 isolates. The amount and duration of virus shedding and the frequency of transmission following novel H1N1 challenge were reduced. Exposure to multiple seasonal H1N1 influenza viruses, and not to any single H1N1 influenza virus, elicits a breadth of antibodies that neutralize novel H1N1 even though the host was never exposed to the novel H1N1 influenza viruses.

scholarly journals Clinical and Laboratory Profiles of 75 Hospitalized Patients with Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Hefei, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zonghao Zhao ◽  
Jiajia Xie ◽  
Ming Yin ◽  
Yun Yang ◽  
Hongliang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

AbstractThe outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection began in December 2019 in Wuhan, and rapidly spread to many provinces in China. The number of cases has increased markedly in Anhui, but information on the clinical characteristics of patients is limited. We reported 75 patients with COVID-19 in the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC from Jan 21 to Feb 16, 2020, Hefei, Anhui Province, China. COVID-19 infection was confirmed by real-time RT-PCR of respiratory nasopharyngeal swab samples. Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data were collected and analyzed. Of the 75 patients with COVID-19, 61 (81.33%) had a direct or indirect exposure history to Wuhan. Common symptoms at onset included fever (66 [88.0%] of 75 patients) and dry cough (62 [82.67%]). Of the patients without fever, cough could be the only or primary symptom. The most prominent laboratory abnormalities were lymphopenia, decreased percentage of lymphocytes (LYM%), decreased CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Patients with elevated interleukin 6 (IL-6) showed significant decreases in the LYM%, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts. Besides, the percentage of neutrophils, CRP, LDH and Procalcitonin levels increased significantly. We concluded that COVID-19 could cause different degrees of hematological abnormalities and damage of internal organs. Hematological profiles including LYM, LDH, CRP and IL-6 could be indicators of diseases severity and evaluation of treatment effectiveness. Antiviral treatment requires a comprehensive and supportive approach. Further targeted therapy should be determined based on individual clinical manifestations and laboratory indicators.

scholarly journals Clinical and economic analysis of the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic among pregnant Korean women

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1136-1144
Author(s):  
Won Suk Choi ◽  
Min Joo Choi ◽  
Ji Yoon Noh ◽  
Joon Young Song ◽  
Woo Joo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
2009 H1n1 ◽  
H1n1 Influenza Pandemic

scholarly journals The Real Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (covid-19) on the Pregnancy Outcome

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (05) ◽  
pp. 303-304
Author(s):  
Ana Katherine Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Intrauterine Transmission ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
2009 H1n1

AbstractThe COVID-19 outbreak is increasing around the world in the number of cases, deaths, and affected countries. Currently, the knowledge regarding the clinical impact of COVID-19 on maternal, fetal, and placental aspects of pregnancy is minimal. Although the elderly and men were the most affected population, in previous situations, such as the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic and the Ebola epidemic, pregnant women were more likely to develop complications than nonpregnant women. There are unanswered questions specific to pregnant women, such as whether pregnant women are more severely affected and whether intrauterine transmission occurs. Additional information is needed to inform key decisions, such as whether pregnant health care workers should receive special consideration, whether to separate infected mothers and their newborns, and whether it is safe for infected women to breastfeed.

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