Acute effects of inspiratory threshold load and interface on breathing pattern and activity of respiratory muscles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Danielle Medeiros da Fonsêca ◽  
Vanessa Regiane Resqueti ◽  
Antônio José Sarmento Da Nobrega ◽  
Luciana Fontes Silva Da Cunha Lima ◽  
Valéria Soraya Farias Sales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Acute Effects

scholarly journals Acute Effects of Inspiratory Loads and Interfaces on Breathing Pattern and Activity of Respiratory Muscles in Healthy Subjects

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Danielle Medeiros da Fonsêca ◽  
Vanessa Regiane Resqueti ◽  
Kadja Benício ◽  
Guilherme Fregonezi ◽  
Andrea Aliverti
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Acute Effects

Effects of Interpleural Bupivacaine on Respiratory Muscle Strength and Pulmonary Function

1995 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55. ◽  
Author(s):  
Lluis Gallart ◽  
Joaquim Gea ◽  
M. Carmen Aguar ◽  
Joan M. Broquetas ◽  
Margarita M. Puig
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Time Index ◽  
Tension Time ◽  
Airway Conductance

Background Several reports suggest that interpleural local anesthetics may have deleterious effects on respiratory function. The current study investigated the effects of interpleural bupivacaine on human respiratory muscles and lung function. Methods Thirteen patients (55 +/- 4 yr old) with normal respiratory function and scheduled for cholecystectomy entered the study before surgery. Respiratory parameters were compared before and after the interpleural administration of 20 ml 0.5% bupivacaine plus 1:200,000 epinephrine while patients were supine; we evaluated breathing pattern, dynamic and static lung volumes, airway conductance, maximal inspiratory pressures (at the mouth; at the esophagus [Pessniff]; at the abdomen [Pgasniff]; and transdiaphragmatic [Pdisniff]), functional reserve (tension-time index) of the diaphragm, and maximal expiratory pressures (at the mouth; at the esophagus [Pescough]; and at the abdomen [Pgacough]). Hemoglobin oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry, heart rate, and mean arterial pressure were continuously monitored. Results Respiratory rate (15 +/- 1 to 19 +/- 1 breaths/min; P < 0.01) and heart rate (78 +/- 3 to 83 +/- 3 beats/min; P < 0.01) were slightly increased. Dynamic and static lung volumes, airway conductance, hemoglobin saturation, and the remaining breathing pattern parameters were unchanged. Regarding respiratory muscles, maximal inspiratory pressure at the mouth, Pessniff, and tension-time index of the diaphragm did not change. Pdisniff decreased slightly (102 +/- 10 to 92 +/- 10 cmH2O; P < 0.05) because of a change in Pgasniff (24.2 +/- 7.4 to 18.4 +/- 6.8 cmH2O; P < 0.05). Maximal expiratory pressure at the mouth remained unaltered, but Pgacough decreased (108 +/- 10 to 92 +/- 8 cmH2O; P < 0.01), and Pescough showed a trend to decrease (92 +/- 13 to 78 +/- 10 cmH2O; P = 0.074). Conclusions In our experimental conditions, interpleural bupivacaine did not significantly change lung function or inspiratory muscle strength but induced a slight decrease in abdominal muscle strength. Although this effect was minimal, its clinical relevance needs to be evaluated further in patients with impaired respiratory function.

Oxygen cost of increasing tidal volume and diaphragm flattening in obstructive pulmonary disease

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 2750-2756 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Pitcher ◽  
H. S. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Oxygen Cost ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Shallow Breathing

Hypercapnia is associated with a shallow breathing pattern in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We sought to determine the oxygen cost of increasing tidal volume and to relate this to hypercapnia [arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) > or = 45 Torr] and diaphragm flattening. We studied 3 normal subjects and 12 patients with stable but comparably severe COPD (forced expired volume in 1 s 1.01 +/- 0.09 liters) who had baseline PaCO2 ranging from 36 to 56 Torr. Oxygen consumption was measured during the subject's native breathing pattern and then while tidal volume was increased by 20%; minute ventilation was held constant by proportionately slowing frequency. There was a significant oxygen cost of increasing tidal volume for hypercapnic patients (235 +/- 23 to 260 +/- 25 ml O2/min; P = 0.002); no significant oxygen cost was observed in normal or eucapnic patients. This oxygen cost was positively correlated to baseline PaCO2 (r2 = 0.88, P < 0.001) and degree of diaphragm flattening assessed from chest radiographs (r2 = 0.74, P < 0.05). Although others have shown that force generation is preserved during chronic hyperinflation (G. A. Farkas and C. Roussos. J. Appl. Physiol. 54: 1635–1640, 1983; T. Similowski et al. N. Engl. J. Med. 325: 917–923, 1991), we conclude that diaphragm flattening produces mechanical inefficiency that may contribute to limiting the effective operating range of the respiratory muscles during tidal breathing.

scholarly journals Acute Effects of Mechanical Insufflation-Exsufflation on the Breathing Pattern in Stable Subjects With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 955-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambra Cesareo ◽  
Antonella LoMauro ◽  
Marika Santi ◽  
Emilia Biffi ◽  
Maria G D'Angelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Acute Effects

scholarly journals Acute effects of fentanyl on breathing pattern in anaesthetized subjects

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.M. Ferguson ◽  
G.B. Drummond
Keyword(s):  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Acute Effects

Voluntary Control of Breathing Pattern in Asthmatic Children

1996 ◽  
Vol 83 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1384-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Blanc-Gras ◽  
Gila Benchetrit ◽  
Jorge Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Control Of Breathing ◽  
Voluntary Control ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Target Pattern ◽  
Video Screen ◽  
Asthmatic Children

15 asthmatic children and 15 healthy children were trained to adjust their breathing pattern to a target pattern displayed on a video screen by using visual feedback. The error scores in the two groups were not significantly different. These data did not support the hypothesis that voluntary control of respiratory muscles is impaired in asthmatics.

Breathing pattern and activity of respiratory muscles in different inspiratory resistance devices

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Danielle Medeiros da Fonsêca ◽  
Luciana Fontes Silva Da Cunha Lima ◽  
Valéria Soraya De Farias Sales ◽  
Andrea Aliverti ◽  
Guilherme Augusto Freitas Fregonezi
Keyword(s):  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Inspiratory Resistance

Breathing during exercise in dogs--passive or active?

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 586-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Ainsworth ◽  
C. A. Smith ◽  
K. S. Henderson ◽  
J. A. Dempsey
Keyword(s):  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Esophageal Pressure ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Stride Frequency ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Frequency Pattern ◽  
Mixed Frequency ◽  
Crural Diaphragm

The activation patterns of the costal and crural diaphragm and transversus abdominis muscle and their relationship to esophageal pressure (Pes) changes and footplant were examined in five chronically instrumented dogs which breathed at high frequencies at rest and during exercise. In two tracheostomized dogs, measurements were made of diaphragmatic length via sonomicrometry and of airflow and were related to diaphragmatic electrical activity and Pes. Dogs exhibited either a high-frequency breathing pattern, characterized by Pes changes occurring at 2–6 Hz, or a mixed-frequency breathing pattern, characterized by low-amplitude Pes oscillations (4–6 Hz) superimposed on a slower breathing rate of 0.5–1 Hz. Regardless of the type of breathing pattern elected or of the various breathing-to-stride frequency ratios observed during exercise, decreases in Pes were always associated with phasic electromyographic activity of the costal and crural diaphragm and with phasic diaphragmatic muscle shortening. The transversus abdominis electromyographic activity coincided with an increasing Pes from peak negative values in resting dogs and exhibited both an expiratory and a locomotory modulation during exercise. Although footplant may have contributed to some airflow generation when dogs utilized the mixed-frequency pattern, these data demonstrate that the movement of air into and out of the lungs in stationary or exercising dogs requires phasic neural activation of the diaphragm and other respiratory muscles.

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