scholarly journals Phylogeography of Camellia taliensis (Theaceae) inferred from chloroplast and nuclear DNA: insights into evolutionary history and conservation

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Shi-xiong Yang ◽  
Peng-zhang Ji ◽  
Li-zhi Gao
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Camellia Taliensis

scholarly journals Evolutionary Relationship between Two Firefly Species,Curtos costipennisandC. okinawanus(Coleoptera, Lampyridae), in the Ryukyu Islands of Japan Revealed by the Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Sequences

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Muraji ◽  
Norio Arakaki ◽  
Shigeo Tanizaki
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Mtdna Sequences ◽  
Northern Half ◽  
The Ryukyu Islands ◽  
History Of

The phylogenetic relationship, biogeography, and evolutionary history of closely related two firefly species,Curtos costipennisandC. okinawanus, distributed in the Ryukyu Islands of Japan were examined based on nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial (2.2 kb long) and nuclear (1.1-1.2 kb long) DNAs. In these analyses, individuals were divided among three genetically distinct local groups,C. costipennisin the Amami region,C. okinawanusin the Okinawa region, andC. costipennisin the Sakishima region. Their mtDNA sequences suggested that ancestralC. costipennispopulation was first separated between the Central and Southern Ryukyu areas, and the northern half was then subdivided betweenC. costipennisin the Amami andC. okinawanusin the Okinawa. The application of the molecular evolutionary clocks of coleopteran insects indicated that their vicariance occurred 1.0–1.4 million years ago, suggesting the influence of submergence and subdivision of a paleopeninsula extending between the Ryukyu Islands and continental China through Taiwan in the early Pleistocene.

Phylogeography of Excoecaria acerifolia (Euphorbiaceae) suggests combined effects of historical drainage reorganization events and climatic changes on riparian plants in the Sino–Himalayan region

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Wei Wang ◽  
Ti-Cao Zhang ◽  
Dong Luo ◽  
Wen-Guang Sun ◽  
Hang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Plastid Dna ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Himalayan Region ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
Niche Modelling ◽  
Riparian Plants ◽  
River Valleys

Abstract It has been hypothesized that geological and climatic changes in the Sino–Himalayan region played a significant role in evolutionary history. In this study, we tested this hypothesis by investigating the phylogeography of Excoecaria acerifolia (Euphorbiaceae), a riparian plant species that is widely distributed in the hot/warm-dry river valleys of the Sino–Himalayan region. Spatial analysis of molecular variance, a median-joining network and a Bayesian phylogenetic tree based on plastid DNA, all suggested three major lineages corresponding to the Jialing-Min-Dadu (JMD lineage), Jinsha-Yalong-Salween (JY lineage) and Yarlung Tsangpo-Mekong-Red-Nanpan (YMRN lineage) drainage basins. This was also generally supported by the results based on nuclear DNA. The divergence times of these three major lineages based on both datasets fell in the early Pleistocene, coinciding with the period of drainage reorganization events in the Sino–Himalayan region. The diversification times in the lineages were, however, dated back to the mid Pleistocene, corresponding to the Naynayxungla glaciation (0.72–0.50 Mya) and the penultimate glaciation (0.30–0.13 Mya), which were the most and second most severe glaciations in this region, respectively. Furthermore, mismatch analyses, neutrality test and ecological niche modelling suggest long-term demographic stability of the JY and JMD populations, with expansion only in the YMRN populations during the period(s) from the late penultimate glaciation (138.12 Kya) to the Last Interglacial (95.79 Kya), probably because of less extensive glaciations since the late Pleistocene and the gradually warming interglacial stage. Our study provides one of the few pieces of evidence indicating that combined historical drainage reorganization and climatic change since the Pleistocene might also have acted as important factors in the evolutionary history of riparian plants in the region.

scholarly journals Molecular systematics of Batrachoseps (Caudata, Plethodontidae) in southern California and Baja California: Mitochondrial-nuclear DNA discordance and the evolutionary history of B. major

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Íñigo Martínez-Solano ◽  
Anny Peralta-García ◽  
Elizabeth L. Jockusch ◽  
David B. Wake ◽  
Ella Vázquez-Domínguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Systematics ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Multiple data revealed two new species of the Asian horned toad Megophrys Kuhl & Van Hasselt, 1822 (Anura, Megophryidae) from the eastern corner of the Himalayas

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 977 ◽  
pp. 101-161
Author(s):  
Shengchao Shi ◽  
Meihua Zhang ◽  
Feng Xie ◽  
Jianping Jiang ◽  
Wulin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetics ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Incomplete Lineage Sorting ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Lineage Sorting ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Tibet Autonomous Region

Multiple disciplines can help to discover cryptic species and resolve taxonomic confusions. The Asian horned toad genus Megophryssensu lato as a diverse group was proposed to contain dozens of cryptic species. Based on molecular phylogenetics, morphology, osteology, and bioacoustics data, the species profiles of Megophrys toads in the eastern corner of Himalayas in Medog County, Tibet Autonomous Region, China was investigated. The results indicated that this small area harbored at least four Megophrys species, i.e., M. medogensis, M. pachyproctus, Megophrys zhouisp. nov., and Megophrys yeaesp. nov., the latter two being described in this study. Additionally, the mitochondrial DNA trees nested the low-middle-elevation and high-elevation groups of M. medogensis into a monophyletic group, being in discordance with the paraphyletic relationship between them revealed in the nuclear DNA trees. The findings highlighted the underestimated biodiversity in Himalayas, and further indicated that the Megophrys toads here have been probably experienced complicated evolutionary history, for example, introgression between clades or incomplete lineage sorting and niche divergences in microhabitats. Anyway, it is urgent for us to explore the problems because these toads are suffering from increasing threats from human activities and climatic changes.

Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA phylogenies reveal a complex evolutionary history in the Australasian robins (Passeriformes: Petroicidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 726-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Les Christidis ◽  
Martin Irestedt ◽  
Dianne Rowe ◽  
Walter E. Boles ◽  
Janette A. Norman
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Complex Evolutionary History

A novel phylogeny for the genus Echinococcus, based on nuclear data, challenges relationships based on mitochondrial evidence

Parasitology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. SAARMA ◽  
I. JÕGISALU ◽  
E. MOKS ◽  
A. VARCASIA ◽  
A. LAVIKAINEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Nuclear Data ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Dna Sequence Data

SUMMARYThe taxonomic status of Echinococcus, an important zoonotic cestode genus, has remained controversial, despite numerous attempts to revise it. Although mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been the source of markers of choice for reconstructing the phylogeny of the genus, results derived from mtDNA have led to significant inconsistencies with earlier species classifications based on phenotypic analysis. Here, we used nuclear DNA markers to test the phylogenic relationships of members of the genus Echinococcus. The analysis of sequence data for 5 nuclear genes revealed a significantly different phylogeny for Echinococcus from that proposed on the basis of mitochondrial DNA sequence data, but was in agreement with earlier species classifications. The most notable results from the nuclear phylogeny were (1) E. multilocularis was placed as basal taxon, (2) all genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus grouped as a monophyletic entity, and (3) genotypes G8 and G10 clustered together. We conclude that the analysis of nuclear DNA data provides a more reliable means of inferring phylogenetic relationships within Echinococcus than mtDNA and suggest that mtDNA should not be used as the sole source of markers in future studies where the goal is to reconstruct a phylogeny that does not only reflect a maternal lineage, but aims to describe the evolutionary history at species level or higher.

scholarly journals Reticulate Evolutionary History of a Western Palaearctic Bat Complex Explained by Multiple mtDNA Introgressions in Secondary Contacts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emrah çoraman ◽  
Christian Dietz ◽  
Elisabeth Hempel ◽  
Astghik Gazaryan ◽  
Eran Levin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Species Group ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Haplotype Networks ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Western Palaearctic ◽  
Myotis Nattereri ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

AimThere is increasing evidence showing that species within various taxonomic groups have reticulate evolutionary histories with several cases of introgression events. Investigating the phylogeography of species complexes can provide insight about the introgressions, when and where these hybridizations occurred. In this study, we investigate the biogeography of a widely distributed Western Palaearctic bat species complex, namely Myotis nattereri sensu lato. This complex exhibits high genetic diversity and in its western distribution range is composed of deeply diverged genetical lineages. However, little is known about the genetic structure of the eastern populations. We also infer the conservation and taxonomical implications of the identified genetic divergences.LocationWestern PalaearcticMethodsWe analyzed 175 specimens collected from 67 locations and sequenced one mitochondrial and four nuclear DNA markers, and combined these with the available Gen-Bank sequences. We used haplotype networks, PCA, t-SNE, and Bayesian clustering algorithms to investigate the population structure and Bayesian trees to infer the phylogenetic relationship of the lineages.Main conclusionsWe identified deeply divergent genetical lineages. In some cases, nuclear and mitochondrial markers were discordant, which we interpret are caused by hybridization between lineages. We identified three such introgression events. Our findings suggest that the M. nattereri complex has a reticulate evolutionary history with multiple cases of hybridizations between some of the identified lineages. We also suggest a revision in the taxonomy of this species group, with two possible new taxa: M. hoveli and M. tschuliensis.

scholarly journals Phylogeography and Molecular Species Delimitation Reveal Cryptic and Incipient Speciation in Synchronous Flashing Fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) of Southeast Asia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan F. A. Jusoh ◽  
Lesley Ballantyne ◽  
Chan Kin Onn
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Total Evidence ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Separate Species

ABSTRACTSynchronous flashing fireflies of the genusPteroptyxare ubiquitous throughout Southeast Asia, yet, knowledge on its biodiversity and evolutionary history remains lacking. Recent studies have revealed notable population-level phylogeographic structure within theP. tenerandP. bearnigroups in Malaysia, suggesting that cryptic species may exist. Additionally, the close morphological and genetic affinity of the recently described speciesP. balingianatoP. malaccaehas raised questions about its validity. In this study, we assembled the most densely sampled genetic dataset onPteroptyxto-date to estimate a comprehensive phylogeny using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA and subsequently implemented a suite of distance-, phylogeny-, and coalescent-based species delimitation methods to characterize species boundaries within theP. tener,P. bearni, andP. balingiana/P. malaccaegroups. Using a total evidence approach from multiple lines of evidence, we showed that populations ofP. teneralong the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia are sufficiently divergent from populations from the east coast and Borneo to warrant specific recognition, despite the absence of morphological differentiation. Conversely, divergence ofP. bearnifrom Borneo and eastern Peninsular Malaysia, as well asP. balingianafromP. malaccaewere modest and their distinction as separate species were ambiguous; consistent with incipient species in the gray zone of speciation. Overall, this study contributes to the limited but growing body of genetic work on Southeast Asian fireflies and underscores the urgent need to increase the breadth and depth of geographic, taxonomic, and genetic sampling to provide a deeper understanding of their biodiversity and evolutionary history.

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