scholarly journals Conservation and divergence of chemical defense system in the tunicate Oikopleura dioica revealed by genome wide response to two xenobiotics

BMC Genomics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fekadu Yadetie ◽  
Stephen Butcher ◽  
Hilde E Førde ◽  
Coen Campsteijn ◽  
Jean-Marie Bouquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Defense ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Oikopleura Dioica ◽  
Genome Wide

scholarly journals Trans-splicing of mRNAs links gene transcription to translational control regulated by mTOR

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Danks ◽  
Heloisa Galbiati ◽  
Martina Raasholm ◽  
Yamila N. Torres Cleuren ◽  
Eivind Valen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Translational Control ◽  
Oikopleura Dioica ◽  
Spliced Leader ◽  
Animal Density ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Trans Splicing ◽  
Initial Recovery ◽  
Favorable Conditions

AbstractIn phylogenetically diverse organisms, the 5’ ends of a subset of mRNAs are trans-spliced with a spliced leader (SL) RNA. The functions of SL trans-splicing, however, remain largely enigmatic. Here, we quantified translation genome-wide in the marine chordate, Oikopleura dioica, under inhibition of mTOR, a central growth regulator. Translation of trans-spliced TOP mRNAs was suppressed, showing that the SL sequence permits nutrient-dependent translational control of growth-related mRNAs. Under crowded, nutrient-limiting conditions, O. dioica continues to filter-feed, but arrests growth until favorable conditions return. Upon release from such conditions, initial recovery was independent of nutrient-responsive, trans-spliced genes, suggesting animal density sensing as a first trigger for resumption of development. Our results demonstrate a role for trans-splicing in the coordinated translational down-regulation of nutrient-responsive genes under limiting conditions.

The Sesquiterpenes of Lactarius vellereus and Their Role in a Proposed Chemical Defense System

1985 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olov Sterner ◽  
Rolf Bergman ◽  
Jan Kihlberg ◽  
Börje Wickberg
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Defense ◽  
Defense System

scholarly journals Trans-splicing of mRNAs links gene transcription to translational control regulated by mTOR

BMC Genomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma B. Danks ◽  
Heloisa Galbiati ◽  
Martina Raasholm ◽  
Yamila N. Torres Cleuren ◽  
Eivind Valen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Translational Control ◽  
Oikopleura Dioica ◽  
Spliced Leader ◽  
Animal Density ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Trans Splicing ◽  
Initial Recovery ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Abstract Background In phylogenetically diverse organisms, the 5′ ends of a subset of mRNAs are trans-spliced with a spliced leader (SL) RNA. The functions of SL trans-splicing, however, remain largely enigmatic. Results We quantified translation genome-wide in the marine chordate, Oikopleura dioica, under inhibition of mTOR, a central growth regulator. Translation of trans-spliced TOP mRNAs was suppressed, consistent with a role of the SL sequence in nutrient-dependent translational control of growth-related mRNAs. Under crowded, nutrient-limiting conditions, O. dioica continued to filter-feed, but arrested growth until favorable conditions returned. Upon release from unfavorable conditions, initial recovery was independent of nutrient-responsive, trans-spliced genes, suggesting animal density sensing as a first trigger for resumption of development. Conclusion Our results are consistent with a proposed role of trans-splicing in the coordinated translational down-regulation of nutrient-responsive genes under growth-limiting conditions.

scholarly journals Evolutionary assembly of cooperating cell types in an animal chemical defense system

Cell ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 184 (25) ◽  
pp. 6138-6156.e28
Author(s):  
Adrian Brückner ◽  
Jean M. Badroos ◽  
Robert W. Learsch ◽  
Mina Yousefelahiyeh ◽  
Sheila A. Kitchen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Defense ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Defense System

Wounding-Induced Increase of Quinolizidine Alkaloid Accumulation in Lupin Leaves

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 905-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wink
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Defense ◽  
Quinolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Lupinus Polyphyllus ◽  
Quinolizidine Alkaloid ◽  
Wound Induction ◽  
Important Means

Cutting-up leaflets of Lupinus polyphyllus induces a rapid increase of quinolizidine alkaloid accumulation of up to 400% within 2 to 4.5 h. In contrast to the diurnal alkaloid formation, this reaction takes place both in the light and the dark and even at 4°C. The effect is reduced in chloramphenicol-treated samples but unimpaired in cycloheximide-treated assays. Since quinolizidine alkaloids constitute probably an important means of a chemical defense system of lupins against microbes and herbivores, the wound-induction of alkaloid accumulation is discussed as a defense responsf

New sesquiterpenes in a proposed russulaceae chemical defense system

1985 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 3163-3166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olov Sterner ◽  
Rolf Bergman ◽  
Claes Franzén ◽  
Börje Wickberg
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Defense ◽  
Defense System

scholarly journals Distinct core promoter codes drive transcription initiation at key developmental transitions in a marine chordate

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma B. Danks ◽  
Pavla Navratilova ◽  
Boris Lenhard ◽  
Eric Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Core Promoter ◽  
Ribosomal Protein Genes ◽  
Oikopleura Dioica ◽  
Transcription Start Sites ◽  
Spliced Leader ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Cap Analysis ◽  
Male Specific

AbstractDevelopment is largely driven by transitions between transcriptional programs. The initiation of transcription at appropriate sites in the genome is a key component of this and yet few rules governing selection are known. Here, we used cap analysis of gene expression (CAGE) to generate bp-resolution maps of transcription start sites (TSSs) across the genome of Oikopleura dioica, a member of the closest living relatives to vertebrates. Our TSS maps revealed promoter features in common with vertebrates, as well as striking differences, and uncovered key roles for core promoter elements in the regulation of development. During spermatogenesis there is a genome-wide shift in mode of transcription initiation characterized by a novel core promoter element. This element was associated with > 70% of transcription in the testis, including the male-specific use of cryptic internal promoters within operons. In many cases this led to the exclusion of trans-splice sites, revealing a novel mechanism for regulating which mRNAs receive the spliced leader. During oogenesis the cell cycle regulator, E2F1, has been co-opted in regulating maternal transcription in endocycling nurse nuclei. In addition, maternal promoters lack the TATA-like element found in vertebrates and have broad, rather than sharp, architectures with ordered nucleosomes. Promoters of ribosomal protein genes lack the highly conserved TCT initiator. We also report an association between DNA methylation on transcribed gene bodies and the TATA-box, which indicates that this ancient promoter motif may play a role in selecting DNA for transcription-associated methylation in invertebrate genomes.

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