scholarly journals Implementation research design: integrating participatory action research into randomized controlled trials

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luci K Leykum ◽  
Jacqueline A Pugh ◽  
Holly J Lanham ◽  
Joel Harmon ◽  
Reuben R McDaniel
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Music Therapy Research

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara L. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Diverse Field

Music therapy is a diverse field and music therapy research increasingly reflects that diversity. Many methods and approaches are used to examine the various facets of music therapy practice and theory. This chapter provides an overview of music therapy research, and provides basic information about how research is conducted in this field. Research methods in music therapy research are similar to those used in other healthcare disciplines. A range of methods are reviewed and presented including; experimental research and Randomized Controlled Trials, Participatory Action Research, Grounded Theory, and Phenomenological methods.

Comparing Performance of Methods to Deal With Differential Attrition in Randomized Experimental Evaluations

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 70-104
Author(s):  
Kaitlin Anderson ◽  
Gema Zamarro ◽  
Jennifer Steele ◽  
Trey Miller
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Probability Weighting ◽  
Attrition Rates ◽  
Inverse Probability ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Weighting Methods

Background: In randomized controlled trials, attrition rates often differ by treatment status, jeopardizing causal inference. Inverse probability weighting methods and estimation of treatment effect bounds have been used to adjust for this bias. Objectives: We compare the performance of various methods within two samples, both generated through lottery-based randomization: one with considerable differential attrition and an augmented dataset with less problematic attrition. Research Design: We assess the performance of various correction methods within the dataset with problematic attrition. In addition, we conduct simulation analyses. Results: Within the more problematic dataset, we find the correction methods often performed poorly. Simulation analyses indicate that deviations from the underlying assumptions for bounding approaches damage the performance of estimated bounds. Conclusions: We recommend the verification of the underlying assumptions in attrition correction methods whenever possible and, when verification is not possible, using these methods with caution.

scholarly journals Self-management open online trials in health [SMOOTH] an analysis of existing online trials [Protocol]

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Price ◽  
Amanda Burls ◽  
Lenny Vasanthan ◽  
Mike Clarke ◽  
Su May Liew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Research Questions

BACKGROUND: The use of public engagement and self-management in online clinical trials is growing with benefits, boundaries and minimal methodological guidance. This analysis explores whether running self-recruited online trials can provide trustworthy and useful answers to research questions. AIM: To systematically explore existing self-recruited online randomized controlled trials of self-management interventions and analyze the trials to assess their strengths and weaknesses, the quality of trials reporting and to report how participants were involved in the research process. METHODS: The Online Randomized Controlled Trials of Health Information Database (ORCHID) will be used as a sampling framework to identify a subset of self-management self-recruited interventions. The trials will be used to explore the qualities of self-recruited online randomized controlled trials and to evaluate how useful they are for obtaining trustworthy answers to questions about health self-management and citizen research involvement. This research employs participatory action research where researchers and participants work as collaborators. SUMMARY: This analysis can provide an overall view of effective methods for online trials and to provide insights into integration for online trials development as early as the protocol planning stage.

scholarly journals Riset Implementasi (Implementation Research) Sebagai Metodologi Riset Untuk Mengawal Kebijakan

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-145
Author(s):  
Siswanto Siswanto
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Critical Realism ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
The Real ◽  
Program Intervention

The appropriate approach for operational research is by using problem solving cycle model, comprising (i) measuring the magnitude of the problem, (ii) identifying the causes of the problem, (iii) developing the solution, (iv) implementing program/ intervention, and (v) evaluating the program. Within a scientific perspective, in every phase of problem solving cycle, it needs research, including the fourth phase i.e. implementing program/ intervention. Research that provide scientific evidence for better implementation is labeled as Implementation Research. As a methodological approach, Implementation Research belongs to critical realism paradigm that is possible to use mixed method (combination of qualitative and quantitative), or stand alone of qualitative method, or quantitative method. The role of Implementation Research is very crucial for better implementation or for better scale-up of the program by understanding the implementation process as well as the impact of the program under concern. Participatory action research, as one of the Implementation Research approach, can be used as an appropriate methodology for better implementation in the real context of the new policy (new program) by tailoring the implementation process (management process) with the real world situation in terms of policy actors, organizational situation, human resources variable, community variable, as well as, resources variable. Abstrak Pendekatan yang tepat untuk riset operasioanl adalah melalui siklus pemecahan masalah terdiri dari (i) mengukur besaran masalah, (ii) mencari penyebab masalah, (iii) mengembangkan solusi, (iv) implementasi intervensi/ program, dan (v) evaluasi program. Dalam perspektif ilmiah, maka dalam setiap tahapan siklus pemecahan masalah memerlukan penelitian, termasuk tahap keempat yakni tahapan implementasi program. Penelitian yang menyediakan bukti ilmiah untuk implementasi program disebut dengan Riset Implementasi (Implementation Research).  Sebagai pendekatan metodologi, Riset Implementasi termasuk dalam paradigma realisme kritis (critical realism), yang memungkinkan untuk menggunakan metoda campuran (mixed method) (kombinasi kuantitatif dan kualitatif), atau secara senidri hanya menggunakan kuantitatif, atau kualitatif saja. Peran Riset Implementasi menjadi sangat penting untuk mendapatkan cara-cara implementasi yang lebih baik, atau dalam rangka memperluas jangkauan progam, guna mempelajari proses implementasi dan melihat dampak program sebagaimana diinginkan. Riset tindak partisipatif (Participatory action research), dapat dipergunakan sebagai metodologi yang tepat untuk mendapatkan cara-cara implementasi yang lebih baik dalam konteks penerapan kebijakan/ progam baru, dengan menyesuaikan proses implementasi (proses manajemen) disesuaikan dengan situasi dunia nyata di lapangan, berkaitan dengan aktor kebijakan, situasi organisasi, variasi sumber daya manusia, variasi masyarakat, maupun variasi sumber daya lainnya.

scholarly journals Expand – Research in Norwegian science centers

1970 ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Dagny Stuedahl ◽  
Merethe Frøyland ◽  
Ingrid Eikeland
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Science Centers

The research program Expand – Research in Norwegian Science Centers, (UtVite in Norwegian) was initiated as a collaboration between Inspiria Science Center, and three research partners in science education.1 The project collaboration has as its main objective to understand the role of science centers for young people’s engagement, interest and recruitment to science. Further, the aim of Expand is to explore research methods suitable for participatory action research approaches to design-based studies of learning in science centers. This is a presentation of the research design of Expand in the first funding period 2011–2016. 

scholarly journals Guiding principles for quality, ethical standards and ongoing learning in implementation research: multicountry learnings from participatory action research to strengthen health systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii137-ii149
Author(s):  
Kim Ozano ◽  
Laura Dean ◽  
Oluwatosin Adekeye ◽  
Anthony K Bettee ◽  
Ruth Dixon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Health System ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Health Systems Strengthening ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
Guiding Principles

Abstract Global health gains can be achieved through strengthening health systems to identify and address implementation challenges in low- and middle-income countries. Participatory research, that promotes joint problem and solution finding between communities and different health systems actors, supports policy implementation analysis at all levels. Within the neglected tropical disease programmes in Liberia and Nigeria, we applied participatory action research (PAR) to address programmatic and health system bottlenecks with health systems strengthening embedded. This paper shares learning from 20 interviews with co-researchers, from national and sub-national levels and academic researchers who worked collaboratively to understand challenges, co-create solutions and advocate for policy change. Through analysis and reflections of existing PAR principles, we inductively identified five additional guiding principles for quality, ethical standards and ongoing learning within PAR projects that aim to strengthen health systems. (1) Recognize communities as units of identity and define stakeholder participation to ensure equitable engagement of all actors; (2) enable flexible action planning that builds on existing structures whilst providing opportunities for embedding change; (3) address health systems and research power differentials that can impede co-production of knowledge and solution development; (4) embed relational practices that lead to new political forms of participation and inquiry within health systems and (5) develop structures for ongoing learning at multiple levels of the health system. PAR can strengthen health systems by connecting and co-creating potentially sustainable solutions to implementation challenges. Additional research to explore how these five additional principles can support the attainment of quality and ethical standards within implementation research using a PAR framework for health systems strengthening is needed.

scholarly journals Research design considerations for randomized controlled trials of spinal cord stimulation for pain

Pain ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Katz ◽  
Robert H. Dworkin ◽  
Richard North ◽  
Simon Thomson ◽  
Sam Eldabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Spinal Cord Stimulation ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Research design

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet L. Peacock ◽  
Philip J. Peacock
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Crossover Designs ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Equivalence Trials ◽  
Patient Consent ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Research Studies

Introduction 2 Introduction to research 3 Research questions 4 Interventional studies 6 Randomized controlled trials 8 Randomization in RCTs 10 Patient consent in research studies 12 Blinding in RCTs 14 RCTs: parallel groups and crossover designs 16 Zelen randomized consent design 18 Superiority and equivalence trials ...

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