Trace level ammonia sensing by SWCNTs (network/film) based resistive sensor using a simple approach in sensor development and design

A measurement system based on the magneto-resistive sensor is described and its error factors and influences are analyzed as well. A reasonable and simple approach is presented to compensate the measurement error from Magneto-resistive Sensor output. Firstly, the principle of the new method is illustrated. Secondly, the steps of the error compensation are introduced. Finally, the test is carried out, results are shown that the maximum angle value of deviation is no more than 2° and compensation method can be used in common measurement system based on magneto-resistive sensors.

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Influence of X-Ray Induced Fluorescence on Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis of Thin Foils

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100079164 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 328-329

Author(s):

E. A. Kenik ◽

J. Bentley

Keyword(s):

Thin Foil ◽

Electron Excitation ◽

Simple Approach ◽

Foil Thickness ◽

X Rays ◽

X Ray ◽

Hole Spectrum ◽

Illumination System ◽

Thin Foils ◽

Intensity Ratios

Cliff and Lorimer (1) have proposed a simple approach to thin foil x-ray analy sis based on the ratio of x-ray peak intensities. However, there are several experimental pitfalls which must be recognized in obtaining the desired x-ray intensities. Undesirable x-ray induced fluorescence of the specimen can result from various mechanisms and leads to x-ray intensities not characteristic of electron excitation and further results in incorrect intensity ratios.In measuring the x-ray intensity ratio for NiAl as a function of foil thickness, Zaluzec and Fraser (2) found the ratio was not constant for thicknesses where absorption could be neglected. They demonstrated that this effect originated from x-ray induced fluorescence by blocking the beam with lead foil. The primary x-rays arise in the illumination system and result in varying intensity ratios and a finite x-ray spectrum even when the specimen is not intercepting the electron beam, an ‘in-hole’ spectrum. We have developed a second technique for detecting x-ray induced fluorescence based on the magnitude of the ‘in-hole’ spectrum with different filament emission currents and condenser apertures.

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Complex Subject : Simple Approach

Contemporary Psychology ◽

10.1037/004370 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 401-403

Author(s):

Richard B. Makover

Keyword(s):

Simple Approach ◽

Complex Subject

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PROTOTIPE APLIKASI PENYIRAMAN TANAMAN MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR KELEMBABAN TANAH BERBASIS MICRO CONTOLLER ATMEGA 328

Journal CERITA ◽

10.33050/cerita.v5i1.235 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 97-106

Author(s):

Rudi Budi Agung ◽

Muhammad Nur ◽

Didi Sukayadi

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Large Scale ◽

Simple Method ◽

Moisture Sensor ◽

Sensor Development ◽

Soil Moisture Sensor ◽

Application Systems ◽

Harvesting Systems ◽

Working Principle

The Indonesian country which is famous for its tropical climate has now experienced a shift in two seasons (dry season and rainy season). This has an impact on cropping and harvesting systems among farmers. In large scale this is very influential considering that farmers in Indonesia are stilldependent on rainfall which results in soil moisture. Some types of plants that are very dependent on soil moisture will greatly require rainfall or water for growth and development. Through this research, researchers tried to make a prototype application for watering plants using ATMEGA328 microcontroller based soil moisture sensor. Development of application systems using the prototype method as a simple method which is the first step and can be developed again for large scale. The working principle of this prototype is simply that when soil moisture reaches a certainthreshold (above 56%) then the system will work by activating the watering system, if it is below 56% the system does not work or in other words soil moisture is considered sufficient for certain plant needs.

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