Evaluation of the medium to long term impact of commercial open-group behavioural weight loss programmes on body weight and diabetes risk in adults with overweight and obesity: 5 & 10 year follow up of the WRAP trial

BACKGROUND Studies assessing the impact of built environments on body weight are often limited by modest power to detect residential effects that are small for individuals but may nonetheless comprise large attributable risks. OBJECTIVE We used data extracted from electronic health records to construct a large retrospective cohort of patients. This cohort will be used to explore both the impact of moving between environments and the long-term impact of changing neighborhood environments. METHODS We identified members with at least 12 months of Kaiser Permanente Washington (KPWA) membership and at least one weight measurement in their records during a period between January 2005 and April 2017 in which they lived in King County, Washington. Information on member demographics, address history, diagnoses, and clinical visits data (including weight) was extracted. This paper describes the characteristics of the adult (aged 18-89 years) cohort constructed from these data. RESULTS We identified 229,755 adults representing nearly 1.2 million person-years of follow-up. The mean age at baseline was 45 years, and 58.0% (133,326/229,755) were female. Nearly one-fourth of people (55,150/229,755) moved within King County at least once during the follow-up, representing 84,698 total moves. Members tended to move to new neighborhoods matching their origin neighborhoods on residential density and property values. CONCLUSIONS Data were available in the KPWA database to construct a very large cohort based in King County, Washington. Future analyses will directly examine associations between neighborhood conditions and longitudinal changes in body weight and diabetes as well as other health conditions. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/16787

Download Full-text

A review of the short- and long-term impact of weight loss on appetite in youth: what do we know and where to from here?

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665120007028 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (3) ◽

pp. 357-366

Author(s):

Helen Truby ◽

Christie Bennett ◽

Catia Martins

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Gut Hormones ◽

Reduced Body ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Long Term Impact ◽

Desire To Eat ◽

Individual Effort

This review seeks to synthesise our knowledge about changes in hunger and satiety that occur during diet-induced weight loss and during weight loss maintenance, with a particular focus on youth with obesity. Mechanisms of appetite responses to weight loss rely heavily on the adult literature. Physiological mechanisms that control appetite and satiety via the gut–brain axis have been elucidated but we have an incomplete picture of changes in gut hormones and peptides in youth with obesity. In adolescents, the role of the brain in long-term sensing of body composition and modifying appetite and satiety changes is easily over-ridden by hedonic influences for the reward of highly palatable sweet foods and encourages over-consumption. Accordingly, reward cues and hyper-responsiveness to palatable foods lead to a pattern of food choices. Different reward systems are necessary that are substantial enough to reward the continued individual effort required to sustain new behaviours, that need to be adopted to support a reduced body weight. Periods of growth and development during childhood provide windows of opportunity for interventions to influence body weight trajectory but long-term studies are lacking. More emphasis needs to be placed on anticipatory guidance on how to manage powerful hedonic influences of food choice, essential to cope with living in our obesogenic environment and managing hunger which comes with the stronger desire to eat after weight has been lost.

Download Full-text

Fasting Therapy versus Standard Weight Reduction Diet Combined with Naturopathic Complex Treatment in Patients with Overweight and Obesity

Journal of Nutritional Biology ◽

10.18314/jnb.v4i2.1007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 158-173

Author(s):

Karl Rüdiger Wiebelitz ◽

Dominik Karl Wessely ◽

Lena Elisabeth Ismar ◽

Tanja Pötschke ◽

Beate Weidner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Weight Reduction ◽

Lifestyle Modification ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Leisure Activity ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Patient Treatment ◽

Prospective Comparison

Background: Overweight and obesity are major risk factors for many chronic diseases in modern societies. A retrospective follow-up study showed an advantage of weight reduction diet (WRD) to fasting therapy concerning long-term weight loss.Objective: Prospective comparison of WRD to fasting therapy concerning long-term weight loss. Methods: From 08/2007 to 02/2009 90 patients with overweight or obesity were observed with a follow-up period of 6 months, who received either a fasting therapy or a WRD in the context of naturopathic complex in-patient treatment including physical activity.Results: During the in-patient treatment the fasting patients loosed significantly more weight than the WRD patients, but regained weight during the follow-up, while the weight loss of the WRD patients persisted. 32% of the fasting and 81% of the WRD patients achieved a 5% weight loss after 6 months. Total and LDL-cholesterol were significantly more reduced, controlled eating habits, physical leisure activity and tendentially physical quality of life increased more after 6 months in the WRD group, while the systolic blood pressure declined more in the fasting patients.Conclusion: Weight loss and improvement of obesity-associated parameters were long-term significantly inferior in fasting patients compared to patients treated with a WRD. The reduced success of the fasting patients is probably caused by the minor lifestyle modification.

Download Full-text

Effect of the Lifestyle, Exercise, and Nutrition (LEAN) Study on Long-Term Weight Loss Maintenance in Women with Breast Cancer

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13093265 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 3265

Author(s):

Alexa Lisevick ◽

Brenda Cartmel ◽

Maura Harrigan ◽

Fangyong Li ◽

Tara Sanft ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Cancer Survivors ◽

Usual Care ◽

Breast Cancer Survivors ◽

Weight Loss Maintenance ◽

Study Completion

Lifestyle interventions among breast cancer survivors with obesity have demonstrated successful short-term weight loss, but data on long-term weight maintenance are limited. We evaluated long-term weight loss maintenance in 100 breast cancer survivors with overweight/obesity in the efficacious six-month Lifestyle, Exercise, and Nutrition (LEAN) Study (intervention = 67; usual care = 33). Measured baseline and six-month weights were available for 92 women. Long-term weight data were obtained from electronic health records. We assessed weight trajectories between study completion (2012–2013) and July 2019 using growth curve analyses. Over up to eight years (mean = 5.9, SD = 1.9) of post-intervention follow-up, both the intervention (n = 60) and usual care (n = 32) groups declined in body weight. Controlling for body weight at study completion, the yearly weight loss rate in the intervention and usual care groups was –0.20 kg (−0.2%/year) (95% CI: 0.06, 0.33, p = 0.004) and −0.32 kg (−0.4%/year) (95% CI: 0.12, 0.53, p = 0.002), respectively; mean weight change did not differ between groups (p = 0.31). It was encouraging that both groups maintained their original intervention period weight loss (6% intervention, 2% usual care) and had modest weight loss during long-term follow-up. Breast cancer survivors in the LEAN Study, regardless of randomization, avoided long-term weight gain following study completion.

Download Full-text

Impact of Built Environments on Body Weight (the Moving to Health Study): Protocol for a Retrospective Longitudinal Observational Study

JMIR Research Protocols ◽

10.2196/16787 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. e16787

Author(s):

Stephen J Mooney ◽

Jennifer F Bobb ◽

Philip M Hurvitz ◽

Jane Anau ◽

Mary Kay Theis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Health Study ◽

Built Environments ◽

King County ◽

Kaiser Permanente ◽

Neighborhood Conditions ◽

Long Term Impact ◽

The Impact

Background Studies assessing the impact of built environments on body weight are often limited by modest power to detect residential effects that are small for individuals but may nonetheless comprise large attributable risks. Objective We used data extracted from electronic health records to construct a large retrospective cohort of patients. This cohort will be used to explore both the impact of moving between environments and the long-term impact of changing neighborhood environments. Methods We identified members with at least 12 months of Kaiser Permanente Washington (KPWA) membership and at least one weight measurement in their records during a period between January 2005 and April 2017 in which they lived in King County, Washington. Information on member demographics, address history, diagnoses, and clinical visits data (including weight) was extracted. This paper describes the characteristics of the adult (aged 18-89 years) cohort constructed from these data. Results We identified 229,755 adults representing nearly 1.2 million person-years of follow-up. The mean age at baseline was 45 years, and 58.0% (133,326/229,755) were female. Nearly one-fourth of people (55,150/229,755) moved within King County at least once during the follow-up, representing 84,698 total moves. Members tended to move to new neighborhoods matching their origin neighborhoods on residential density and property values. Conclusions Data were available in the KPWA database to construct a very large cohort based in King County, Washington. Future analyses will directly examine associations between neighborhood conditions and longitudinal changes in body weight and diabetes as well as other health conditions. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/16787

Download Full-text

Long-term follow-up of an 8 week weight loss intervention: Impact of psychosocial factors

10.31274/etd-180810-126 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Sarah Davis

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Psychosocial Factors ◽

Weight Loss Intervention ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

Intervention Impact

Download Full-text

LONG-TERM IMPACT OF INDUCIBLE MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA ON OUTCOMES IN ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY: TEN-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF THE STICH TRIAL

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/s0735-1097(20)30820-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 75 (11) ◽

pp. 193

Author(s):

Kevin O'Fee ◽

Julio Panza ◽

David Brown

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Ischemia ◽

Ischemic Cardiomyopathy ◽

Stich Trial ◽

Long Term Impact

Download Full-text

A clinical course of a patient with anorexia nervosa receiving surgery for superior mesenteric artery syndrome

Journal of Eating Disorders ◽

10.1186/s40337-021-00436-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ken Kurisu ◽

Yukari Yamanaka ◽

Tadahiro Yamazaki ◽

Ryo Yoneda ◽

Makoto Otani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽

Mesenteric Artery ◽

Rare Complication ◽

Nutrition Therapy ◽

Psychological Status ◽

Sma Syndrome

Abstract Background Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a well-known but relatively rare complication of anorexia nervosa. Although several reports have proposed surgery for SMA syndrome associated with anorexia nervosa, these have shown poor outcomes or did not reveal the long-term weight course. Thus, the long-term effectiveness of surgery for SMA syndrome in such cases remains unclear. This case report describes a patient with anorexia nervosa who underwent surgery for SMA syndrome. Case presentation An 18-year-old woman presented with anorexia nervosa when she was 16 years old. She also presented with SMA syndrome, which seemed to be caused by weight loss due to the eating disorder. Nutrition therapy initially improved her body weight, but she ceased treatment. She reported that symptoms related to SMA syndrome had led to her weight loss and desired to undergo surgery. Laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy was performed, but her body weight did not improve after the surgery. The patient eventually received conservative nutritional treatment along with psychological approaches, which led to an improvement in her body weight. Conclusions The case implies that surgery for SMA syndrome in patients with anorexia nervosa is ineffective for long-term weight recovery and that conservative treatment can sufficiently improve body weight; this is consistent with the lack of evidence on the topic and reports on potential complications of surgery. Due to difficulties in assessing psychological status, consultation with specialists on eating disorders is necessary for treating patients with severely low body weight.

Download Full-text