scholarly journals Successful induction of deep hypothermia by isoflurane anesthesia and cooling in a non-hibernator, the rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Shimaoka ◽  
Takahiko Shiina ◽  
Hayato Suzuki ◽  
Yuuki Horii ◽  
Kazuhiro Horii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Deep Hypothermia ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
Isoflurane Anesthesia ◽  
Successful Induction ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Hypothermic Condition

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to establish a novel method for inducing deep hypothermia in rats. Cooling rats anesthetized with isoflurane caused a time-dependent decrease in rectal temperature, but cardiac arrest occurred before their body temperature reached 20 °C when isoflurane inhalation was continued during the cooling process. Stopping inhalation of isoflurane when the rectal temperature reached 22.5 °C successfully induced deep hypothermia, although stopping the inhalation at 27.5 °C resulted in spontaneous recovery of rectal temperature. The hypothermic condition was able to be maintained for up to 6 h. A large number of c-Fos-positive cells were detected in the hypothalamus during hypothermia. Both the maintenance of and recovery from hypothermia caused organ injury, but the damage was transient and recovered within 1 week. These findings indicate that the established procedure is appropriate for inducing deep hypothermia without accompanying serious organ injury in rats.

scholarly journals A novel method for successful induction of interdigitating process formation in conditionally immortalized podocytes from mice, rats, and humans

2021 ◽  
Vol 570 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Kotaro Doi ◽  
Hiroshi Kimura ◽  
Takehiko Wada ◽  
Tetsuhiro Tanaka ◽  
Keiju Hiromura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Formation ◽  
Successful Induction ◽  
Novel Method

Intraoperative Modulation of Alveolar Macrophage Function during Isoflurane and Propofol Anesthesia 

1998 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 1125-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Kotani ◽  
Hiroshi Hashimoto ◽  
Daniel I. Sessler ◽  
Atsuhiro Kikuchi ◽  
Akiko Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Macrophage ◽  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Orthopedic Surgery ◽  
Pulmonary Infection ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Critical Part ◽  
Isoflurane Anesthesia ◽  
Immunologic Function ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Number Of Particles

Background Alveolar macrophages are a critical part of the defense against pulmonary infection. Thus the authors determined time-dependent changes in alveolar macrophage functions in patients having surgery who were anesthetized with isoflurane or propofol. Methods Patients anesthetized with propofol (n = 30) or isoflurane (n = 30) during orthopedic surgery were studied. Alveolar macrophages were harvested by bronchoalveolar lavage immediately, and 2, 4, and 6 h after induction anesthesia and at the end of surgery. The fraction of aggregated and nonviable macrophages was determined. Then phagocytosis was measured by ingestion of opsonized and unopsonized particles. Finally, microbicidal activity was determined as the ability of the macrophages to kill Listeria monocytogenes directly. Results Demographic and morphometric characteristics of the patients given propofol and isoflurane were similar, as were their levels of pulmonary function and hemodynamic responses. The fraction of alveolar macrophages ingesting opsonized and unopsonized particles, and the number of particles ingested, decreased significantly over time, with the decrease slightly but significantly greater during isoflurane anesthesia. Microbicidal function decreased progressively during anesthesia and surgery, with the decrease almost twice as great during isoflurane compared with propofol anesthesia. The fraction of aggregated macrophages and recovered neutrophils increased over time in the patients given each anesthetic. Conclusions Pulmonary immunologic function changed progressively during anesthesia and surgery. The data from this study suggest that pulmonary defenses are modulated by the type of anesthesia and by the duration of anesthesia and surgery.

Time-Dependent Predictors in Clinical Research, Performance of a Novel Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. e202-e207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan van de Bosch ◽  
Roya Atiqi ◽  
Ton J Cleophas
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Novel Method

scholarly journals A Novel Method to Grow Vertically Aligned Silicon Nanowires on Si (111) and Their Optical Absorption

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzuen-Wei Ho ◽  
Franklin Chau-Nan Hong
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Nanowires ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Vertical Alignment ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
Surface Reflection ◽  
Vertically Aligned ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
High Degree

In this study we grew silicon nanowires (SiNWs) on Si (111) substrate by gold-catalyzed vapor liquid solid (VLS) process using tetrachlorosilane (SiCl4) in a hot-wall chemical vapor deposition reactor. SiNWs with 150–200 nm diameters were found to grow along the orientations of all〈111〉family, including the vertical and the inclined, on Si (111). The effects of various process conditions, including SiCl4concentration, SiCl4feeding temperature, H2annealing, and ramp cooling, on the crystal quality and growth orientation of SiNWs, were studied to optimize the growth conditions. Furthermore, a novel method was developed to reliably grow vertically aligned SiNWs on Si (111) utilizing the principle of liquid phase epitaxy (LPE). A ramp-cooling process was employed to slowly precipitate the epitaxial Si seeds on Si (111) after H2annealing at 650°C. Then, after heating in SiCl4/H2up to 850°C to grow SiNWs, almost 100% vertically aligned SiNWs could be achieved reproducibly. The high degree of vertical alignment of SiNWs is effective in reducing surface reflection of solar light with the reflectance decreasing with increasing the SiNWs length. The vertically aligned SiNWs have good potentials for solar cells and nano devices.

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