alveolar macrophage
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2022 ◽  
Vol 219 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elza Evren ◽  
Emma Ringqvist ◽  
Jean-Marc Doisne ◽  
Anna Thaller ◽  
Natalie Sleiers ◽  
...  

Despite their importance in lung health and disease, it remains unknown how human alveolar macrophages develop early in life. Here we define the ontogeny of human alveolar macrophages from embryonic progenitors in vivo, using a humanized mouse model expressing human cytokines (MISTRG mice). We identified alveolar macrophage progenitors in human fetal liver that expressed the GM-CSF receptor CD116 and the transcription factor MYB. Transplantation experiments in MISTRG mice established a precursor–product relationship between CD34−CD116+ fetal liver cells and human alveolar macrophages in vivo. Moreover, we discovered circulating CD116+CD64−CD115+ macrophage precursors that migrated from the liver to the lung. Similar precursors were present in human fetal lung and expressed the chemokine receptor CX3CR1. Fetal CD116+CD64− macrophage precursors had a proliferative gene signature, outcompeted adult precursors in occupying the perinatal alveolar niche, and developed into functional alveolar macrophages. The discovery of the fetal alveolar macrophage progenitor advances our understanding of human macrophage origin and ontogeny.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Yukun Liu ◽  
Yongsheng Zhang ◽  
Quanrui Feng ◽  
Qinxin Liu ◽  
Jie Xie ◽  
...  

Acute lung injury (ALI) has been known to be a devastating form of respiratory infection and an important contributor to mortality in intensive care, due to its lacking of effective treatment. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and pyroptosis are associated with multiple kinds of inflammatory diseases such as ALI. It is commonly accepted that Gly-Pro-Ala (GPA) peptide regulates oxidative stress and pyroptosis in different kinds of inflammatory diseases. Our study is aimed at exploring the regulatory function and protective effects of GPA peptides on ALI. In the current study, the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) technique was used to evoke sepsis in mice, and GPA peptide was administered intraperitoneally with different concentrations (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg) after CLP. Histopathological changes and the ratio of wet-to-dry in lung were recorded and analyzed. We also investigated the level of oxidative stress, inflammation, and pyroptosis. Results showed that GPA peptide significantly ameliorated CLP-stimulated lung tissue injury, impeded proinflammatory cytokine release, and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. Additionally, GPA peptide suppressed oxidative stress and caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis in alveolar macrophages. Furthermore, our study showed that the GPA peptide prevents alveolar macrophage from undergoing pyroptosis by attenuating ROS. In conclusion, results demonstrated that GPA peptide has protective effects in CLP-stimulated ALI by inhibiting oxidative stress as well as pyroptosis of alveolar macrophage.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenfeng Wang ◽  
Yabo Zhou ◽  
Linlin Bao ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Jiadi Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

iScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 103636
Author(s):  
Vladimir Riazanski ◽  
Gerardo Mauleon ◽  
Adriana M. Zimnicka ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Deborah J. Nelson
Keyword(s):  

Alcohol ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Holly J. Hulsebus ◽  
Kevin M. Najarro ◽  
Rachel H. McMahan ◽  
Elizabeth J. Kovacs

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