Involvement of jasmonic acid, ethylene and salicylic acid signaling pathways behind the systemic resistance induced by Trichoderma longibrachiatum H9 in cucumber

Validamycin A (VMA) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to control rice sheath blight. Although it has been reported that VMA can induce the plant defense responses, the mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) bursts and callose deposition in Arabidopsis thaliana, rice (Oryza sativa L.), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were induced by VMA and were most intense with 10 μg of VMA per milliliter at 24 h. Moreover, we showed that VMA induced resistance against Pseudomonas syringae, Botrytis cinerea, and Fusarium graminearum in Arabidopsis leaves, indicating that VMA induces broad-spectrum disease resistance in both dicots and monocots. In addition, VMA-mediated resistance against P. syringae was not induced in NahG transgenic plants, was partially decreased in npr1 mutants, and VMA-mediated resistance to B. cinerea was not induced in npr1, jar1, and ein2 mutants. These results strongly indicated that VMA triggers plant defense responses to both biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens involved in salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid/ethylene (JA/ET) signaling pathways and is dependent on NPR1. In addition, transcriptome analysis further revealed that VMA regulated the expression of genes involved in SA, JA/ET, abscisic acid (ABA), and auxin signal pathways. Taken together, VMA induces systemic resistance involving in SA and JA/ET signaling pathways and also exerts a positive influence on ABA and auxin signaling pathways. Our study highlights the creative application of VMA in triggering plant defense responses against plant pathogens, providing a valuable insight into applying VMA to enhance plant resistance and reduce the use of chemical pesticides. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .

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Induction of a leaf specific geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase and emission of (E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-1,3,7,11-tetraene in tomato are dependent on both jasmonic acid and salicylic acid signaling pathways

Planta ◽

10.1007/s00425-006-0301-5 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 224 (5) ◽

pp. 1197-1208 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Kai Ament ◽

Chris C. Van Schie ◽

Harro J. Bouwmeester ◽

Michel A. Haring ◽

Robert C. Schuurink

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Jasmonic Acid ◽

Signaling Pathways ◽

Geranylgeranyl Pyrophosphate ◽

Geranylgeranyl Pyrophosphate Synthase ◽

Salicylic Acid Signaling

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Partial Resistance of Tomato to Phytophthora infestans Is Not Dependent upon Ethylene, Jasmonic Acid, or Salicylic Acid Signaling Pathways

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi.2003.16.2.141 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 141-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

C. D. Smart ◽

K. L. Myers ◽

S. Restrepo ◽

G. B. Martin ◽

W. E. Fry

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Salicylic Acid ◽

Jasmonic Acid ◽

Phytophthora Infestans ◽

Signaling Pathways ◽

Partial Resistance ◽

Compatible Interaction ◽

Host Reaction ◽

Salicylic Acid Signaling ◽

Pr Gene Expression

We compared tomato defense responses to Phytophthora infestans in highly compatible and partially compatible interactions. The highly compatible phenotype was achieved with a tomato-specialized isolate of P. infestans, whereas the partially compatible phenotype was achieved with a nonspecialized isolate. As expected, there was induction of the hypersensitive response (HR) earlier during the partially compatible interaction. However, contrary to our expectation, pathogenesis-related (PR) gene expression was not stimulated sooner in the partially compatible interaction. While the level of PR gene expression was quite similar in the two interactions, the LeDES gene (which encodes an enzyme necessary for the production of divinyl ethers) was expressed at a much higher level in the partially compatible interaction at 48 h after inoculation. Host reaction to the different pathogen genotypes was not altered (compared with wild type) in mutant tomatoes that were ethylene-insensitive (Never-ripe) or those with reduced ability to accumulate jasmonic acid (def-1). Similarly, host reaction was not altered in NahG transgenic tomatoes unable to accumulate salicylic acid. These combined data indicate that partial resistance in tomato to P. infestans is independent of ethylene, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid signaling pathways.

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Suppression of salicylic acid signaling pathways by an ATPase associated with various cellular activities (AAA) protein in tobacco plants

Plant Biotechnology ◽

10.5511/plantbiotechnology.24.209 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 209-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mi-Hyun Lee ◽

Hiroshi Sano

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Signaling Pathways ◽

Tobacco Plants ◽

Salicylic Acid Signaling ◽

Aaa Protein

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Role of Jasmonic Acid and Salicylic Acid Signaling in Secondary Metabolite Production

Jasmonates and Salicylates Signaling in Plants - Signaling and Communication in Plants ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-75805-9_5 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 87-113

Author(s):

Samapika Nandy ◽

Tuyelee Das ◽

Abhijit Dey

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Jasmonic Acid ◽

Secondary Metabolite ◽

Secondary Metabolite Production ◽

Metabolite Production ◽

Salicylic Acid Signaling

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Airborne fungus-induced biosynthesis of anthocyanins in Arabidopsis thaliana via jasmonic acid and salicylic acid signaling

Plant Science ◽

10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110635 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 300 ◽

pp. 110635

Author(s):

Yajun Liu ◽

Ming Li ◽

Tongtong Li ◽

Yujie Chen ◽

Lingjie Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Salicylic Acid ◽

Jasmonic Acid ◽

Salicylic Acid Signaling ◽

Airborne Fungus

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Salicylic Acid and Jasmonic Acid Are Essential for Systemic Resistance Against Tobacco mosaic virus in Nicotiana benthamiana

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi-11-13-0349-r ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 567-577 ◽

Cited By ~ 87

Author(s):

Feng Zhu ◽

De-Hui Xi ◽

Shu Yuan ◽

Fei Xu ◽

Da-Wei Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Jasmonic Acid ◽

Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽

Systemic Resistance ◽

Long Distance ◽

Resistance Response

Systemic resistance is induced by pathogens and confers protection against a broad range of pathogens. Recent studies have indicated that salicylic acid (SA) derivative methyl salicylate (MeSA) serves as a long-distance phloem-mobile systemic resistance signal in tobacco, Arabidopsis, and potato. However, other experiments indicate that jasmonic acid (JA) is a critical mobile signal. Here, we present evidence suggesting both MeSA and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) are essential for systemic resistance against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), possibly acting as the initiating signals for systemic resistance. Foliar application of JA followed by SA triggered the strongest systemic resistance against TMV. Furthermore, we use a virus-induced gene-silencing–based genetics approach to investigate the function of JA and SA biosynthesis or signaling genes in systemic response against TMV infection. Silencing of SA or JA biosynthetic and signaling genes in Nicotiana benthamiana plants increased susceptibility to TMV. Genetic experiments also proved the irreplaceable roles of MeSA and MeJA in systemic resistance response. Systemic resistance was compromised when SA methyl transferase or JA carboxyl methyltransferase, which are required for MeSA and MeJA formation, respectively, were silenced. Moreover, high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis indicated that JA and MeJA accumulated in phloem exudates of leaves at early stages and SA and MeSA accumulated at later stages, after TMV infection. Our data also indicated that JA and MeJA could regulate MeSA and SA production. Taken together, our results demonstrate that (Me)JA and (Me)SA are required for systemic resistance response against TMV.

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