scholarly journals Evaluation of trypan blue stain in a haemocytometer for rapid detection of cerebrospinal fluid sterility in HIV patients with cryptococcal meningitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Kwizera ◽  
◽  
Andrew Akampurira ◽  
Tadeo K. Kandole ◽  
Kirsten Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cryptococcal Meningitis ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Blue Stain

scholarly journals Evaluation of trypan blue stain in the TC20 automated cell counter as a point-of-care for the enumeration of viable cryptococcal cells in cerebrospinal fluid

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 559-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Kwizera ◽  
Andrew Akampurira ◽  
Tadeo K Kandole ◽  
Maria S Nabaggala ◽  
Darlisha A Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Blue Stain ◽  
Automated Cell Counter ◽  
Cell Counter

Cerebrospinal fluid microscopy as an index for predicting the prognosis of cryptococcal meningitis patients with and without HIV

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (17) ◽  
pp. 1645-1652
Author(s):  
Keming Zhang ◽  
Hang Li ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Wanqing Liao ◽  
Liyan Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Cryptococcal Meningitis ◽  
Fungal Burden ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Patient Prognosis ◽  
Worse Prognosis ◽  
Fluid Test

Aim: To evaluate the clinical data and quantitative cerebrospinal fluid for associations with the outcome of cryptococcal meningitis (CM) patients in the hospital. Patients & methods: We retrospectively analyzed a total of 139 CM patients comprising 108 without HIV and 31 with HIV admitted in a Jiang Xi hospital. Resμlts: We found that CM patients with the high fungal burden (≥10 yeasts/μl) (26.3%) had a worse prognosis than those with the low fungal burden (<10 yeasts/μl). (4.9%) (p = 0.0007 <0.05). Conclusion: In CM patients, a fungal burden of 10 yeasts/μl in the first cerebrospinal fluid test may be used as an indicator of patient prognosis, and we can personalize patients’ treatment based on the fungal burden to improve prognosis.

A LAMP-based microfluidic module for rapid detection of pathogen in cryptococcal meningitis

Talanta ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 122827
Author(s):  
Yueru Tian ◽  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Jian Guo ◽  
Huijun Lu ◽  
Yuhan Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptococcal Meningitis ◽  
Rapid Detection

scholarly journals Cerebrospinal Fluid Culture Positivity and Clinical Outcomes After Amphotericin-Based Induction Therapy for Cryptococcal Meningitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Rolfes ◽  
Joshua Rhein ◽  
Charlotte Schutz ◽  
Kabanda Taseera ◽  
Henry W. Nabeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Antifungal Therapy ◽  
Induction Therapy ◽  
Cryptococcal Meningitis ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Culture Positivity ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Culture

Abstract Background.  Amphotericin-based combination antifungal therapy reduces mortality from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated cryptococcal meningitis. However, 40%–50% of individuals have positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fungal cultures at completion of 2 weeks of amphotericin induction therapy. Residual CSF culture positivity has historically been associated with poor clinical outcomes. We investigated whether persistent CSF fungemia was associated with detrimental clinical outcomes in a contemporary African cohort. Methods.  Human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals with cryptococcal meningitis in Uganda and South Africa received amphotericin (0.7–1.0 mg/kg per day) plus fluconazole (800 mg/day) for 2 weeks, followed by “enhanced consolidation” therapy with fluconazole 800 mg/day for at least 3 weeks or until cultures were sterile, and then 400 mg/day for 8 weeks. Participants were randomized to receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) either 1–2 or 5 weeks after diagnosis and observed for 6 months. Survivors were classified as having sterile or nonsterile CSF based on 2-week CSF cultures. Mortality, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), and culture-positive relapse were compared in those with sterile or nonsterile CSF using Cox regression. Results.  Of 132 participants surviving 2 weeks, 57% had sterile CSF at 2 weeks, 23 died within 5 weeks, and 40 died within 6 months. Culture positivity was not significantly associated with mortality (adjusted 6-month hazard ratio, 1.2; 95% confidence interval, 0.6–2.3; P = .28). Incidence of IRIS or relapse was also not significantly related to culture positivity. Conclusions.  Among patients, all treated with enhanced consolidation antifungal therapy and ART, residual cryptococcal culture positivity was not found to be associated with poor clinical outcomes.

Rapid Detection of Neonatal Intracranial Hemorrhage by Transillumination

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 843-847
Author(s):  
Steven M. Donn ◽  
Marcia J. Sharp ◽  
Lawrence R. Kuhns ◽  
Joaquin O. Uy ◽  
James E. Knake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Light Beam ◽  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Cranial Computed Tomography ◽  
Anterior Fontanel ◽  
Light Passing

Using transillumination and a sensitive cadmium sulfide light meter, 145 newborns were screened for the presence of intracranial hemorrhage. Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) was suspected when the light meter could not detect any light passing through the anterior fontanel when the light beam was directed through the frontal eminence. ICH was confirmed by cranial computed tomography or postmortem examination in all 17 infants not transmitting light. Spectrophotometry was performed on samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to demonstrate the mechanism through which blood in the CSF blocks light transmission.

scholarly journals Cerebrospinal Fluid HIV-1 Viral Load During Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 668-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie E Brouwer ◽  
Praprit Teparrukkul ◽  
Adul Rajanuwong ◽  
Wirongrong Chierakul ◽  
Weera Mahavanakul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Cryptococcal Meningitis ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals LATERAL FLOW ASSAY FOR CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGEN: AN IMPORTANT ADVANCE TO IMPROVE THE CONTINUUM OF HIV CARE AND REDUCE CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS-RELATED MORTALITY

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (suppl 19) ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose E. VIDAL ◽  
David R. BOULWARE
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cryptococcal Meningitis ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Lateral Flow Assay ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Cryptococcal Antigen

SUMMARYAIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis continues to cause a substantial burden of death in low and middle income countries. The diagnostic use for detection of cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide antigen (CrAg) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid by latex agglutination test (CrAg-latex) or enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) has been available for over decades. Better diagnostics in asymptomatic and symptomatic phases of cryptococcosis are key components to reduce mortality. Recently, the cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay (CrAg LFA) was included in the armamentarium for diagnosis. Unlike the other tests, the CrAg LFA is a dipstick immunochromatographic assay, in a format similar to the home pregnancy test, and requires little or no lab infrastructure. This test meets all of the World Health Organization ASSURED criteria (Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User friendly, Rapid/robust, Equipment-free, and Delivered). CrAg LFA in serum, plasma, whole blood, or cerebrospinal fluid is useful for the diagnosis of disease caused by Cryptococcusspecies. The CrAg LFA has better analytical sensitivity for C. gattii than CrAg-latex or EIA. Prevention of cryptococcal disease is new application of CrAg LFA via screening of blood for subclinical infection in asymptomatic HIV-infected persons with CD4 counts < 100 cells/mL who are not receiving effective antiretroviral therapy. CrAg screening of leftover plasma specimens after CD4 testing can identify persons with asymptomatic infection who urgently require pre-emptive fluconazole, who will otherwise progress to symptomatic infection and/or die.

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