scholarly journals Comparison of adverse perinatal outcomes between Asians and Caucasians: a population-based retrospective cohort study in Ontario

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Zeng ◽  
Erica Erwin ◽  
Wendy Wen ◽  
Daniel J. Corsi ◽  
Shi Wu Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Abstract Background Racial disparities in adverse perinatal outcomes have been studied in other countries, but little has been done for the Canadian population. In this study, we sought to examine the disparities in adverse perinatal outcomes between Asians and Caucasians in Ontario, Canada. Methods We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study that included all Asian and Caucasian women who attended a prenatal screening and resulted in a singleton birth in an Ontario hospital (April 1st, 2015-March 31st, 2017). Generalized estimating equation models were used to estimate the independent adjusted relative risks and adjusted risk difference of adverse perinatal outcomes for Asians compared with Caucasians. Results Among 237,293 eligible women, 31% were Asian and 69% were Caucasian. Asians were at an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, placental previa, early preterm birth (< 32 weeks), preterm birth, emergency cesarean section, 3rd and 4th degree perineal tears, low birth weight (< 2500 g, < 1500 g), small-for-gestational-age (<10th percentile, <3rd percentile), neonatal intensive care unit admission, and hyperbilirubinemia requiring treatment, but had lower risks of preeclampsia, macrosomia (birth weight > 4000 g), large-for-gestational-age neonates, 5-min Apgar score < 7, and arterial cord pH ≤7.1, as compared with Caucasians. No difference in risk of elective cesarean section was observed between Asians and Caucasians. Conclusion There are significant differences in several adverse perinatal outcomes between Asians and Caucasians. These differences should be taken into consideration for clinical practices due to the large Asian population in Canada.

scholarly journals Oocyte exposure to supraphysiological estradiol during ovarian stimulation increased the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes after frozen-thawed embryo transfer: a retrospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Chi Duan ◽  
Cheng Li ◽  
Yi-Chen He ◽  
Jing-Jing Xu ◽  
Chao-Yi Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Ovarian Stimulation ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

AbstractMaternal supraphysiological estradiol (E2) environment during pregnancy leads to adverse perinatal outcomes. However, the influence of oocyte exposure to high E2 levels on perinatal outcomes remains unknown. Thus, a retrospective cohort study was conducted to explore the effect of high E2 level induced by controlled ovarian stimulation (COH) on further outcomes after frozen embryo transfer (FET). The study included all FET cycles (n = 10,581) between 2014 and 2017. All cycles were categorized into three groups according to the E2 level on the day of the human Chorionic Gonadotropin trigger. Odds ratios (ORs) and their confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the association between E2 level during COH and pregnancy outcomes and subsequent neonatal outcomes. From our findings, higher E2 level was associated with lower percentage of chemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, and live birth as well as increased frequency of early miscarriage. Preterm births were more common among singletons in women with higher E2 level during COH (aOR1 = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.22–3.06; aOR2 = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.33–3.06). Incidence of small for gestational age (SGA) was more common in both singletons (aOR1 = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.30–3.11; aOR2 = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.69–3.74) and multiples (aOR1 = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.03–2.45; aOR2 = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.05–3.84) among women with relatively higher E2 level. No association was found between high E2 level during COH and the percentage of macrosomia or large for gestational age. In summary, oocyte exposure to high E2 level during COH should be brought to our attention, since the pregnancy rate decreasing and the risk of preterm birth and SGA increasing following FET.

scholarly journals Morbidity in Late Preterm Birth: A Retrospective Cohort Study Assessing the Role of Immaturity versus Antecedent Factors

Neonatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Melissa Lorenzo ◽  
Megan Laupacis ◽  
Wilma M. Hopman ◽  
Imtiaz Ahmad ◽  
Faiza Khurshid
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Late Preterm ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
Late Preterm Birth ◽  
Apnea Of Prematurity

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Late preterm infants (LPIs) are infants born between 34<sup>0/7</sup> and 36<sup>6/7</sup> weeks gestation. Morbidities in these infants are commonly considered a result of prematurity; however, some research has suggested immaturity may not be the sole cause of morbidities. We hypothesize that antecedents leading to late preterm birth are associated with different patterns of morbidities and that morbidities are the result of gestational age superimposed by the underlying etiologies of preterm delivery. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a retrospective cohort study of late preterm neonates born at a single tertiary care center. We examined neonatal morbidities including apnea of prematurity, hyperbilirubinemia, hypoglycemia, and the requirement for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the risk of each morbidity associated with 3 categorized antecedents of delivery, that is, spontaneous preterm labor, preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), and medically indicated birth. We calculated the predictive probability of each antecedent resulting in individual morbidity across gestational ages. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 279 LPIs were included in the study. Decreasing gestational age was associated with significantly increased risk of apnea of prematurity, hyperbilirubinemia, and requirement of CPAP. In our cohort, the risk of hypoglycemia increased with gestational age, with the greatest incidence at 36<sup>0−6</sup> weeks. There was no significant association of risk of selected morbidities and the antecedents of late preterm delivery, with or without adjustment for gestational age, multiple gestation, small for gestational age (SGA), antenatal steroids, and delivery method. <b><i>Discussion and Conclusion:</i></b> This study found no difference in morbidity risk related to 3 common antecedents of preterm birth in LPIs. Our research suggests that immaturity is the primary factor in determining adverse outcomes, intensified by factors resulting in prematurity.

scholarly journals SP694LOW BIRTH WEIGHT AFFECTED CHILD’S URINARY PROTEIN AT 3 YEARS HEALTH CHECKUP: A POPULATION-BASED RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY.

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. i328-i328
Author(s):  
Maki Shinzawa ◽  
Shiro Tanaka ◽  
Hironobu Tokumasu ◽  
Daisuke Takada ◽  
Tatsuo Tsukamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Urinary Protein ◽  
Health Checkup

scholarly journals Large Retrospective Cohort Study of the Association Between Maternal 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Birth Weight of Neonate

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yu ◽  
Hai-Jin Ke ◽  
Di Che ◽  
Yong Guo ◽  
Jie-Ling Wu
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Abstract Background: The effect of maternal vitamin D status on the birth weight of offspring is controversial as the results are inconsistent between different populations. This large retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the relationship between maternal vitamin D levels and birth weight of neonate. Methods: Serum samples were collected from 10,586 Chinese women in the 2 nd trimester of pregnancy, and the 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level of the participants was assessed. Using the INTERGROWTH-21st standards, the offsprings were classified into three groups based on their gestational age and birth weight, which were as follows: small for gestational age (SGA), appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and large for gestational age (LGA). Results: The average maternal vitamin D concentration was 61.1 nmol/L. The 25(OH)D concentrations were <75.0, <50.0, and <25.0 nmol/L in 76.6%, 31.1%, and 1.6% of the participants, respectively. Approximately 6.4%, 86.4%, and 7.2% of women delivered SGA, AGA, and LGA infants, respectively. No significant differences were observed in vitamin D levels between the three groups (P = 0.562). With the increase in 25(OH)D levels, the risk of SGA and LGA tended to increase and decrease, respectively. However, the results were not precise. AGA was not affected by 25(OH)D levels. The results of the curve fitting and threshold effect analyses did not support the correlation between vitamin D levels and SGA or LGA. Based on the univariate prediction model and the model that adjusted for the risk factors, the area under the curve was extremely small. Thus, 25(OH)D level is not an effective predictor of SGA and LGA. Conclusions: Low maternal vitamin D levels were not associated with SGA or LGA.

scholarly journals Incidence of Symptomatic Submucous Cleft Palate in the Netherlands: A Retrospective Cohort Study Over a Period of 22 Years

2020 ◽  
pp. 105566562097776
Author(s):  
Johannes A. Smit ◽  
Puck P. Mulder ◽  
Feike de Graaf ◽  
Bernadette S. de Bakker ◽  
Corstiaan C. Breugem
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
National Database ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Submucous Cleft Palate

Objective: To analyze the incidence of submucous cleft palate (SMCP) in a large national database and raise awareness among referring providers: pediatricians, speech pathologists, and dentists to minimize delay in diagnosis. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Tertiary setting. Patients: Patients were extracted from the “Dutch Association for Cleft and Craniofacial Anomalies” database. A total of 6916 patients were included from 1997 until 2018 and divided into 2 groups (ie, SMCP versus cleft palate [CP]). Patients born before 1997 and adopted patients were excluded. Interventions: Clefts were classified as either hard of soft palatal involvement based on anatomical landmarks at first consultation. Main Outcome Measures: Primary outcomes were the patient characteristics in both groups (ie, gender, birth weight, gestational age, and additional anomalies). Secondary outcome was the time of diagnosis among subgroups. Results: In total, 532 patients were diagnosed with SMCP (7.7%). Birth weight, gestational age, and additional anomalies did not differ between subgroups, but there were more males in the SMCP group ( P < .001). The median age of diagnosis of the SMCP group was significantly higher than of the CP group (987 vs 27 days; P < .001). Over the course of 22 years, the time of diagnosis for SMCP did not decrease. Conclusion: Submucous cleft palate represents <10% of the Dutch cleft population and 19.4% of all CP. Time of diagnosis for SMCP is significantly longer when compared with time of diagnosis of CP, and this has not changed over the study period of 22 years.

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