scholarly journals Large Retrospective Cohort Study of the Association Between Maternal 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Birth Weight of Neonate

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yu ◽  
Hai-Jin Ke ◽  
Di Che ◽  
Yong Guo ◽  
Jie-Ling Wu
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Abstract Background: The effect of maternal vitamin D status on the birth weight of offspring is controversial as the results are inconsistent between different populations. This large retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the relationship between maternal vitamin D levels and birth weight of neonate. Methods: Serum samples were collected from 10,586 Chinese women in the 2 nd trimester of pregnancy, and the 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level of the participants was assessed. Using the INTERGROWTH-21st standards, the offsprings were classified into three groups based on their gestational age and birth weight, which were as follows: small for gestational age (SGA), appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and large for gestational age (LGA). Results: The average maternal vitamin D concentration was 61.1 nmol/L. The 25(OH)D concentrations were <75.0, <50.0, and <25.0 nmol/L in 76.6%, 31.1%, and 1.6% of the participants, respectively. Approximately 6.4%, 86.4%, and 7.2% of women delivered SGA, AGA, and LGA infants, respectively. No significant differences were observed in vitamin D levels between the three groups (P = 0.562). With the increase in 25(OH)D levels, the risk of SGA and LGA tended to increase and decrease, respectively. However, the results were not precise. AGA was not affected by 25(OH)D levels. The results of the curve fitting and threshold effect analyses did not support the correlation between vitamin D levels and SGA or LGA. Based on the univariate prediction model and the model that adjusted for the risk factors, the area under the curve was extremely small. Thus, 25(OH)D level is not an effective predictor of SGA and LGA. Conclusions: Low maternal vitamin D levels were not associated with SGA or LGA.

scholarly journals Comparison of adverse perinatal outcomes between Asians and Caucasians: a population-based retrospective cohort study in Ontario

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Zeng ◽  
Erica Erwin ◽  
Wendy Wen ◽  
Daniel J. Corsi ◽  
Shi Wu Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Abstract Background Racial disparities in adverse perinatal outcomes have been studied in other countries, but little has been done for the Canadian population. In this study, we sought to examine the disparities in adverse perinatal outcomes between Asians and Caucasians in Ontario, Canada. Methods We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study that included all Asian and Caucasian women who attended a prenatal screening and resulted in a singleton birth in an Ontario hospital (April 1st, 2015-March 31st, 2017). Generalized estimating equation models were used to estimate the independent adjusted relative risks and adjusted risk difference of adverse perinatal outcomes for Asians compared with Caucasians. Results Among 237,293 eligible women, 31% were Asian and 69% were Caucasian. Asians were at an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, placental previa, early preterm birth (< 32 weeks), preterm birth, emergency cesarean section, 3rd and 4th degree perineal tears, low birth weight (< 2500 g, < 1500 g), small-for-gestational-age (<10th percentile, <3rd percentile), neonatal intensive care unit admission, and hyperbilirubinemia requiring treatment, but had lower risks of preeclampsia, macrosomia (birth weight > 4000 g), large-for-gestational-age neonates, 5-min Apgar score < 7, and arterial cord pH ≤7.1, as compared with Caucasians. No difference in risk of elective cesarean section was observed between Asians and Caucasians. Conclusion There are significant differences in several adverse perinatal outcomes between Asians and Caucasians. These differences should be taken into consideration for clinical practices due to the large Asian population in Canada.

scholarly journals Incidence of Symptomatic Submucous Cleft Palate in the Netherlands: A Retrospective Cohort Study Over a Period of 22 Years

2020 ◽  
pp. 105566562097776
Author(s):  
Johannes A. Smit ◽  
Puck P. Mulder ◽  
Feike de Graaf ◽  
Bernadette S. de Bakker ◽  
Corstiaan C. Breugem
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
National Database ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Submucous Cleft Palate

Objective: To analyze the incidence of submucous cleft palate (SMCP) in a large national database and raise awareness among referring providers: pediatricians, speech pathologists, and dentists to minimize delay in diagnosis. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Tertiary setting. Patients: Patients were extracted from the “Dutch Association for Cleft and Craniofacial Anomalies” database. A total of 6916 patients were included from 1997 until 2018 and divided into 2 groups (ie, SMCP versus cleft palate [CP]). Patients born before 1997 and adopted patients were excluded. Interventions: Clefts were classified as either hard of soft palatal involvement based on anatomical landmarks at first consultation. Main Outcome Measures: Primary outcomes were the patient characteristics in both groups (ie, gender, birth weight, gestational age, and additional anomalies). Secondary outcome was the time of diagnosis among subgroups. Results: In total, 532 patients were diagnosed with SMCP (7.7%). Birth weight, gestational age, and additional anomalies did not differ between subgroups, but there were more males in the SMCP group ( P < .001). The median age of diagnosis of the SMCP group was significantly higher than of the CP group (987 vs 27 days; P < .001). Over the course of 22 years, the time of diagnosis for SMCP did not decrease. Conclusion: Submucous cleft palate represents <10% of the Dutch cleft population and 19.4% of all CP. Time of diagnosis for SMCP is significantly longer when compared with time of diagnosis of CP, and this has not changed over the study period of 22 years.

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Subsequent Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 2157-2167
Author(s):  
Casey R. Johnson ◽  
Daniel V. Dudenkov ◽  
Kristin C. Mara ◽  
Philip R. Fischer ◽  
Julie A. Maxson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Subsequent Cancer

scholarly journals Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Levels Are Associated With Breslow Thickness at Presentation and Survival From Melanoma

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (32) ◽  
pp. 5439-5444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia A. Newton-Bishop ◽  
Samantha Beswick ◽  
Juliette Randerson-Moor ◽  
Yu-Mei Chang ◽  
Paul Affleck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Breslow Thickness ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements

Purpose A cohort study was carried out to test the hypothesis that higher vitamin D levels reduce the risk of relapse from melanoma. Methods A pilot retrospective study of 271 patients with melanoma suggested that vitamin D may protect against recurrence of melanoma. We tested these findings in a survival analysis in a cohort of 872 patients recruited to the Leeds Melanoma Cohort (median follow-up, 4.7 years). Results In the retrospective study, self-reports of taking vitamin D supplements were nonsignificantly correlated with a reduced risk of melanoma relapse (odds ratio = 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4 to 1.1; P = .09). Nonrelapsers had higher mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels than relapsers (49 v 46 nmol/L; P = .3; not statistically significant). In the cohort (prospective) study, higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels were associated with lower Breslow thickness at diagnosis (P = .002) and were independently protective of relapse and death: the hazard ratio for relapse-free survival (RFS) was 0.79 (95% CI, 0.64 to 0.96; P = .01) for a 20 nmol/L increase in serum level. There was evidence of interaction between the vitamin D receptor (VDR) BsmI genotype and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels on RFS. Conclusion Results from the retrospective study were consistent with a role for vitamin D in melanoma outcome. The cohort study tests this hypothesis, providing evidence that higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels, at diagnosis, are associated with both thinner tumors and better survival from melanoma, independent of Breslow thickness. Patients with melanoma, and those at high risk of melanoma, should seek to ensure vitamin D sufficiency. Additional studies are needed to establish optimal serum levels for patients with melanoma.

scholarly journals Relationship between birth weight and overweight/obesity among students in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil: a retrospective cohort study

2014 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Elizandra Rossi ◽  
Francisco de Assis Guedes de Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Male Adolescents

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Being born heavier than 4 kg is associated with current overweight and obesity over the long term. The objective here was to ascertain whether birth weight was related to overweight or obese status, among 7 to 14-year-old schoolchildren, taking into consideration the possible interactions between socioeconomic factors and other biological variables.DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective cohort study on a probabilistic sample of 2,696 children and adolescents living in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.METHODS: The following data were collected: anthropometric (student's weight, height and age; and parents' weight and height), socioeconomic (family income, number of people in house and parental schooling level), birth weight and gestational age. Overweight and obesity were classified using percentiles of body mass index and triceps and subscapular skinfolds. The outcome variables were overweight and obesity and the main explanatory variables were birth weight and birth weight according to gestational age. The control variables were the parents' nutritional status, their schooling level and theper capita family income. Poisson multivariate regressions were carried out.RESULTS: Higher prevalence of high birth weight was observed among overweight male adolescents (PR = 1.14; 95% CI = 1.02-1.27; P = 0.03), but this was not observed among obese male adolescents. Low birth weight and being born small for gestational age were also not associated with the outcomes. Among overweight and obese children, birth weight was not significantly different from that of normal-weight children.CONCLUSION: No significant association between birth weight and obesity was observed. However, there was a weak but significant association between high birth weight and overweight, among male adolescents.

scholarly journals Long-Term Outcomes of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Under Two Different Diagnostic Criteria: A Retrospective Cohort Study at a Chinese Tertiary Center

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Sun ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Yingying Bao ◽  
Wenying Li ◽  
Jingyuan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Consensus Definition ◽  
Definition Of

Unlike other complications among very low birth weight infants (VLBW), the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has not decreased substantially, partly because of the different definitions of BPD applied by different researchers. In this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to compare the 2018 revised definition and the 2001 consensus definition of BPD proposed by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), as well as to identify which definition better predicts severe respiratory morbidities or death. We included 417 infants born at a gestational age &lt;32 weeks and classified them as having BPD or without BPD based on the two definitions, with a final follow-up at 18–24 months. We performed between-group comparisons of death and respiratory outcomes. Statistical analyses were performed using descriptive statistics, comparative tests, and receiver operating characteristic curves. The mean ± standard deviation gestational age and birth weight of the 417 eligible infants were 29.1 ± 1.4 weeks and 1186.6 ± 197.8 g, respectively. Among the included infants, five and three infants died before and after 36 weeks of post-menstrual age (PMA), respectively, with 68 and 344 infants evaluated at discharge and 36 weeks' PMA, respectively. We diagnosed 163 (39.1%) and 70 (16.8%) infants with BPD according to the 2001 and 2018 NICHD definitions, respectively. The 2001 NICHD definition displayed a higher sensitivity (0.60 vs. 0.28), better negative predictive value (0.89 vs. 0.85), and larger area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.66 vs. 0.57), but a lower specificity (0.65 vs. 0.87) and worse positive predictive value (0.26 vs. 0.31), than the 2018 definition for serious respiratory morbidity or mortality at a corrected age of 18–24 months. Compared with the 2018 NICHD definition of BPD, the 2001 NICHD consensus definition may result in more cases of false-positive or unclassified severity. However, it may be a better indicator of severe respiratory morbidities or death during the first 18–24 months. Nevertheless, there is a need for future studies to assess the validity of the new diagnostic criteria.

scholarly journals Should singleton birth weight standards be applied to identify small-for-gestational age twins?: analysis of a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxin Lin ◽  
Jiaming Rao ◽  
Dazhi Fan ◽  
Zheng Huang ◽  
Zixing Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Composite Outcome ◽  
Ventilator Support ◽  
Twin Birth ◽  
Singleton Birth

Abstract Background Twin birth weight percentiles are less popular in clinical management among twin pregnancies compared with singleton ones in China. This study aimed to compare the incidence and neonatal outcomes of small for gestational age (SGA) twins between the use of singleton and twin birth weight percentiles. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of 3,027 pregnancies with liveborn twin pairs at gestational age of > 28 weeks. The newborns were categorized as SGA when a birthweight was less than the 10th percentile based on the singleton and twin references derived from Chinese population. Logistic regression models with generalized estimated equation (GEE) were utilized to evaluate the association between SGA twins and neonatal outcomes including neonatal unit admission, neonatal jaundice, neonatal respiratory distress (NRDS), neonatal asphyxia, ventilator support, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), culture-proven sepsis, neonatal death within 28 days after birth as well as the composite outcome. Results The incidence of SGA was 33.1 % based on the singleton reference and 7.3 % based on the twin reference. Both of SGA newborns defined by the singleton and twin references were associated with increases in neonatal unit admission, neonatal jaundice and ventilator support. In addition, SGA newborns defined by the twin reference were associated with increased rates of BPD (aOR, 2.61; 95 % CI: 1.18–5.78) as well as the severe composite outcome (aOR, 1.93; 95 % CI: 1.07–3.47). Conclusions The use of singleton birth weight percentiles may result in misdiagnosed SGA newborns in twin gestations and the twin birth weight percentiles would be more useful to identify those who are at risk of adverse outcomes.

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