scholarly journals Dry eye disease among Glaucoma patients on topical hypotensive medications, in a tertiary hospital, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miraf Sahlu ◽  
Abeba T. Giorgis
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corneal Staining

Abstract Background Dry eye disease is a multifactorial disease; causing various ocular symptoms with potential damage to the ocular surface. Applying hypotensive eye drops are presumed to initiate or exacerbate existing dry eye disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of signs and symptoms and severity of dry eye disease among glaucoma patients on topical hypotensive medications and controls. Methods A cross-sectional comparative study, involving 320 glaucoma patients and controls. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) symptoms score and Schirmer, tear breakup time and corneal staining tests were used to assess dry eye disease. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 24 software; p-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results Among the 160 study glaucoma patients, the mean duration of topical hypotensive medication use was 5.2 ± 5.21 years (range, 4 months - 32 years). Mild to severe level of OSDI score was found in 122 (76%) glaucoma patients and in 137 (86%) controls (p = 0.033). Mild to sever abnormal clinical tests in the glaucoma patients and control, respectively, were 106 (66%) vs 80 (50%) corneal staining (p = 0.045), 79 (49%) vs 72 (45%) TBUT (p = 0.021), and 91 (57%) vs 83 (52%) Schirmer test (p = 0.242). Test results at the level of sever: 2 (1%) vs 0 (0%) corneal staining, 50 (31%) vs 39 (24%) TBUT and 65 (41%) vs 60 (38%) Schirmer test in the glaucoma patents and controls, respectively. Corneal staining and TBUT had correlation with the number of drugs (p = 0.004 and 0.031, respectively), and more relationship of the two tests with total number of drops applied per day (p = 0.01 and p <  0.001, respectively). Patients on pilocarpine and timolol had more corneal staining and lower TBUT [(p = 0.011 and p <  0.001) and (p = 0.04 and 0.012), respectively]. Conclusions The study has identified glaucoma patients to be more affected by dry eye disease than non-glaucoma patients, and presence of significantly lower TBUT and higher corneal staining in the glaucoma patients on multidrops and multidose per day. We recommend consideration of evaluation and management of DED for glaucoma patients on multidrops and multidose hypotensive medications.

scholarly journals Oral Hyaluronic Acid Supplementation for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease: A Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Yeseul Kim ◽  
Chan Hee Moon ◽  
Bo-Yeon Kim ◽  
Sun Young Jang
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index

Purpose. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of oral hyaluronic acid (HA) in patients with dry eye disease (DED). Study Design. Prospective randomized controlled trial. Methods. This trial enrolled 54 subjects and they were randomized into the study or control group. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) >18 years of age; (2) distance best-corrected visual acuity ≥ 20/40 Snellen equivalent in each eye; (3) IOP ≤ 21 mmHg in both eyes; (4) ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score of ≥18 and <65; (5) <10 seconds of tear break up time (TBUT); (6) >5 corneal spots of corneal fluorescein staining (CFS); and (7) ≤ 10 mm/5 min of the Schirmer test. All subjects were treated with a topical HA, and the study group was supplemented with oral HA. OSDI, TBUT, CFS, and the Schirmer test were evaluated for ocular surface parameters. Results. 24 patients were assigned in the study group. Significant improvement of OSDI, TBUT, and CFS was observed at 1 month and 3 months after oral HA administration in the study group. At baseline and follow-up at 1 and 3 months, OSDI scores were 61.8 ± 16.2, 47.3 ± 11.6, and 42.3 ± 9.1, respectively (P<0.001). TBUT was improved after treatment for 1 month and 3 months (4.2 ± 1.1; P=0.005 and 4.7 ± 1.1; P<0.012). There were also statistically significant improvements in the CSF (1.8 ± 1.0, 0.8 ± 0.7; P<0.001) at baseline compared with those at 1 month. Conclusions. A combined supplement of both oral and topical HA more efficiently improves corneal epithelial wound healing and related symptoms than topical HA alone, in DED.

scholarly journals The role of KPI-121 0.25% in the treatment of dry eye disease: penetrating the mucus barrier to treat periodic flares

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 251584142110127
Author(s):  
Preeya K. Gupta ◽  
Nandini Venkateswaran
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Loteprednol Etabonate ◽  
Mucus Barrier

The tear film, which includes mucins that adhere to foreign particles, rapidly clears allergens and pathogens from the ocular surface, protecting the underlying tissues. However, the tear film’s ability to efficiently remove foreign particles during blinking can also pose challenges for topical drug delivery, as traditional eye drops (solutions and suspensions) are cleared from the ocular surface before the drug can penetrate into the conjunctival and corneal epithelium. In the past 15 years, there has been an increase in the development of nanoparticles with specialized coatings that have reduced affinity to mucins and are small enough in size to pass through the mucus barrier. These mucus-penetrating particles (MPPs) have been shown to efficiently penetrate the mucus barrier and reach the ocular surface tissues. Dry eye disease (DED) is a common inflammatory ocular surface disorder that often presents with periodic flares (exacerbations). However, currently approved immunomodulatory treatments for DED are intended for long-term use. Thus, there is a need for effective short-term treatments that can address intermittent flares of DED. Loteprednol etabonate, an ocular corticosteroid, was engineered to break down rapidly after administration to the ocular surface tissues and thereby reduce risks associated with other topical steroids. KPI-121 is an ophthalmic suspension that uses the MPP technology to deliver loteprednol etabonate more efficiently to the ocular tissues, achieving in animal models a 3.6-fold greater penetration of loteprednol etabonate to the cornea than traditional loteprednol etabonate ophthalmic suspensions. In clinical trials, short-term treatment with KPI-121 0.25% significantly reduced signs and symptoms of DED compared with its vehicle (placebo). Recently approved KPI-121 0.25%, with its novel drug delivery design and ease of use, has the potential to effectively treat periodic flares of DED experienced by many patients.

scholarly journals A Survey on How Ocular Surface Demodex Infestation Interactively Associates with Diabetes Mellitus and Dry Eye Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Huang ◽  
Shuze Chen ◽  
Sheng Fu ◽  
Yingli Li ◽  
Zhenhao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
General Information ◽  
Potential Interaction ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Demodex Infestation

Abstract Purpose Prevention of ocular surface (OS) Demodex infestation plays an important role in OS hygiene and variety of factors may be associated with it, in which diabetes mellitus (DM) or dry eye disease (DED) has caught the attention of most scholars. However, there has been no research on whether there was a potential interaction between DM and DED in the process of OS Demodex infestation. This cross-sectional study was implemented in Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University. Methods Ophthalmologic interviews, questionnaires, and examinations were conducted. Factors including general information, DM status, dry eye condition, etc. were collected to study the correlation of DM and DED on OS Demodex infestation. Results After statistical analysis, we found that both DM (P < 0.001) and DED (P = 0.013 < 0.05) are closely associated with OS Demodex infestation. Compared with DED, DM has higher priority association with OS Demodex infestation, and patients with both diseases have a significant higher risk of OS Demodex infestation (R = 0.197, P < 0.001). Meanwhile, age (R = 0.299, P < 0.001) and hypertension (P < 0.05) were also correlated with OS Demodex infestation. Conclusion This study provides a new evidence-based basis for clinical prevention and management of OS Demodex infestation.

scholarly journals A comparative assessment of dry eye disease among outdoor street sweepers and indoor office cleaners

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chigozie I. Echieh ◽  
Bassey A. Etim ◽  
Chidiebere Peter Echieh ◽  
Taiwo Oyeniyi ◽  
Jeff Ajewole
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Simultaneous Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Schirmer’S Test ◽  
Multi Stage

Abstract Background Occupational predisposition to dry eye disease is known. Simultaneous exposure to multiple factors may pose more risk. Street sweepers are exposed to sunlight in addition to dust which all sweepers are exposed to. Tropical climate predisposes to significant exposure to sunlight. Combined exposure to dust and sunlight may lead to a synergy of factors. This study aims to assess the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) amongst Street sweepers and Office cleaners in Calabar metropolis. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among street sweepers and office cleaners. A systematic random sampling and multi-stage sampling method were used to select street sweepers (n = 115) and office cleaners (n = 115) respectively for the study. A pretested semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information after which the respondents had an ophthalmic examination. An assessment of DED was done with Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, Schirmer’s test, and tear break up time (TBUT). OSDI scores of 33 and above; Schirmer’s test readings of < 10 mm wetting in 5 min and a TBUT of less than 10s in either eye were considered as positive dry eye disease. Results The majority of respondents were females 215(93.5%) compared to males 15 (6.5%). The overall mean age of respondents was 40.96 ± 9.8 years. The average OSDI score, Schirmer’s test as well as TBUT among participants was 26.4 ± 16.0, 16.44 ± 9.52 mm, and 12.38 ± 4.53 s respectively. The prevalence of DED among Street sweepers was 35.7% compared to 20% among office cleaners using the OSDI questionnaire (p = 0.352). The prevalence of DED among street sweepers was 32.2% compared to 30.4% among Office cleaners using the Schirmer’s test. (p = 0.73) The TBUT reported a prevalence of 38.3% of DED among Street sweepers compared to 32.2% in office cleaners. (p = 0.48) Overall; the prevalence of dry eye disease among Street sweepers and office cleaners using OSDI score, Schirmers test, as well as TBUT were not statistically significant (> 0.05) Street Sweepers had higher odds of developing dry eye disease compared to office cleaners (OR = 2.085; C.I. =1.106–3.929; p = 0.02). Negative correlation coefficient was observed between TBUT and OSDI (rs = − 0.102; p = 0.125). This was not statistically significant. Conclusion Street sweepers had a higher prevalence of dry eye disease compared to office cleaners due to a higher risk of increased exposure to environmental factors such as dust, smoke, and sunlight. This effect is possibly due to a synergy of factors. Studies on dose-response are warranted.

scholarly journals Comparison of treatment efficacy between 100% platelet-rich plasma and 100% serum eye drops in moderate-to-severe dry eye disease: a randomised controlled trial protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e048479
Author(s):  
Passara Jongkhajornpong ◽  
Pawin Numthavaj ◽  
Thunyarat Anothaisintawee ◽  
Kaevalin Lekhanont ◽  
Gareth McKay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Autologous Serum ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Autologous Platelet

IntroductionDry eye disease (DED) is a common eye problem. Although the disease is not fatal, it substantially reduces quality of life and creates a high economic burden, especially in patients with moderate-to-severe DED. Several biological tear substitutes (eg, autologous serum (AS), autologous platelet-rich plasma (APRP) and autologous platelet lysate) could effectively improve dry eyes. However, evidence on their comparative efficacy is controversial. This study aims to compare the efficacy of 100% APRP with 100% AS eye drops in patients with moderate-to-severe DED.Methods and analysisThe study is a single-centre, double-blinded randomised, parallel, non-inferiority trial. One hundred and thirty patients with moderate-to-severe DED, aged 18–70 years will be recruited from outpatient clinic, Department of Ophthalmology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok from February 2021 to January 2023. Patients will be randomised to receive either 100% APRP or 100% AS eye drops (1:1 ratio) for 4 weeks. The primary outcomes are ocular surface disease index (OSDI) and ocular surface staining (OSS) evaluated using the Oxford scale. Secondary outcomes are fluorescein break-up time, Schirmer’s I test, meibomian gland parameters and adverse events. Other measured outcomes include best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure and compliance.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol and any supplements used in conducting this trial have been approved by the Ethics Committee of Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University (MURA2020/1930). Informed consent will be obtained from all patients before study entry. Results will be presented in peer-reviewed journals and international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT04683796.

scholarly journals Crosslinked hyaluronic acid with liposomes and crocin for management symptoms of dry eye disease caused by moderate meibomian gland dysfunction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
José-María Sánchez-González ◽  
Concepción De-Hita-Cantalejo ◽  
María Carmen Sánchez-González
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Artificial Tear ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Contralateral Eye

Abstract Background: To study the effect of uncrosslinked and crosslinked hyaluronic acid combined with other artificial tear components in patients with dry eye caused by moderate meibomian gland dysfunction.Method: Prospective, single-blind, contralateral eye study. Fifty eyes were analyzed (25 patients). Eye selection for each tear type was random, and the eye drop formulations Aquoral Forte® (artificial tear A) and Aquoral Lipo® (artificial tear B) were used. The determined dosing schedule was three times a day for six weeks, and the study participants underwent a clinical examination before and 45 days after lubricant treatment. The Schirmer test, tear breakup time (TBUT) test, and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire were applied before and after instillation period with both types of artificial tears. Results: On the Schirmer test, a significant improvement was obtained with both tear A (p < 0.01) and tear B (p < 0.01). On the TBUT test, a significant improvement was obtained with tear A (p < 0.01) and tear B (p < 0.01). The OSDI score significantly decreased after instillation period with both artificial tear types (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Uncrosslinked hyaluronic acid combined with other components, such as tamarind seed polysaccharide, and crosslinked hyaluronic acid combined with liposomes and crocin are effective for management symptoms of dry eye disease.

scholarly journals The effect of tamarind seed polysaccharidecontaining eye drop in dry eye syndrome: Results of an interventional, comparative, clinical study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Naser Nozari ◽  
Shahrokh Ramin
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Artificial Tears ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Contralateral Eye

Background: The mainstay of dry eye treatment is artificial tear solutions. Contralateral eye comparison of 2 types of artificial tears (Xiloial versus Tearlose) in managing dry eye disease was sought in this study. Methods: This study was a prospective, interventional, contralateral eye comparison of 2 types of artificial tears used for managing dry eye disease. The study participants were categorized into mild (13–22 points), moderate (23–32 points), or severe (33–100 points) ocular surface disease according to the baseline ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire score. Schirmer I and tear film break-up time (TBUT) tests, as well as detailed slit-lamp examinations, were performed at baseline and at the end of the study. All participants received Xiloial monodose eye drops for the right eye and Tearlose eye drops for the left eye, administered as a single drop 4 times per day. Furthermore, they were instructed to perform lid hygiene every 12 hours per day for both eyes. Results: Thirty-five patients (70 eyes) with a mean ± standard (SD) age of 50.2 ± 13.4 years were included, and 14 (40%) were men. The mean ± SD of the OSDI score was 44.24 ± 22.59 at baseline. Of the 35 patients, 10 (28.6%), 5 (14.3%), and 20 (57.1%) had mild, moderate, and severe ocular surface disease, respectively, according to the baseline OSDI score. Compared to baseline, the mean values of both TBUT and Schirmer I tests improved significantly in both groups (both P < 0.001). In comparing the final mean values between the 2 groups, this improvement was comparable for the Schirmer I test (P = 0.179), but TBUT in Tearlose-instilled eyes improved significantly more than in the fellow eyes (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Both Xiloial and Tearlose eye drops improved tear stability and tear production after a 2 week treatment period in eyes with dry eye disease. This improvement was comparable for tear production, but Tearlose-instilled eyes showed significantly greater improvement in tear stability. Further studies with longer follow-up and larger sample sizes could provide more reliable results as a basis for the clinical use of this TSP-containing lubricant eye drop solution in dry eye disease.

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