Seatbelt use and risk of major injuries sustained by vehicle occupants during motor-vehicle crashes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

The aim of the study was to provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining the association between mortality risk and motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) in pregnant women compared with nonpregnant women. We used relevant MeSH terms to identify epidemiological studies of mortality risk in relation to MVCs from PubMed, Embase, and MEDLINE databases. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used for quality assessment. For comparison of mortality from MVCs between pregnant and nonpregnant women, the pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random effects model. The eight studies selected met all inclusion criteria. These studies included 14,120 injured victims who were pregnant at the time of the incident and 207,935 victims who were not pregnant. Compared with nonpregnant women, pregnant women had a moderate but insignificant decrease in mortality risk (pooled OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.38–1.22, I2 = 88.71%). Subgroup analysis revealed that the pooled OR significantly increased at 1.64 (95% CI = 1.16–2.33, I2 < 0.01%) for two studies with a similar difference in the mean injury severity score (ISS) between pregnant and nonpregnant women. Future studies should further explore the risk factors associated with MVCs in pregnant women to reduce maternal mortality.

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Maternal trauma due to motor vehicle crashes and pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035562 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. e035562

Author(s):

Carmen Amezcua-Prieto ◽

Jennifer Ross ◽

Ewelina Rogozińska ◽

Patritia Mighiu ◽

Virginia Martínez-Ruiz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Latin American ◽

Maternal Death ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Population Level ◽

Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽

Labour Induction ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Vehicle Crashes

ObjectivesTo systematically review and quantify the effect of motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) in pregnancy on maternal and offspring outcomes.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of observational data searched from inception until 1 July 2018. Searching was from June to August 2018 in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Latin-American and Caribbean System on Health Sciences Information, Scientific Electronic Library Online, TRANSPORT, International Road Research Documentation, European Conference of Ministers of Transportation Databases, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Cochrane Central Register.ParticipantsStudies were selected if they focused on the effects of exposure MVC during pregnancy versus non-exposure, with follow-up to verify outcomes in various settings, including secondary care, collision and emergency, and inpatient care.Data synthesisFor incidence data, we calculated a pooled estimate per 1000 women. For comparison of outcomes between women involved and those not involved in MVC, we calculated ORs with 95% CIs. Where possible, we statistically pooled the data using the random-effects model. The quality of studies used in the comparative analysis was assessed with Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.ResultsWe included 19 studies (3 222 066 women) of which the majority was carried out in high-income countries (18/19). In population-level studies of women involved in MVC, maternal death occurred in 3.6 per 1000 (95% CI 0.25–10.42; 3 studies, 12 000 women; Tau=1.77), and fetal death or stillbirth in 6.6 per 1000 (95% CI 3.81–10.12; 8 studies, 47 992 women; I2=92.6%). Pooled incidence of complications per 1000 women involved in MVC was labour induction (276.43), preterm delivery (191.90) and caesarean section (166.65). Compared with women not involved in MVC, those involved had increased odds of placental abruption (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.27–1.63; 3 studies, 1 500 825 women) and maternal death (OR 202.27; 95% CI 110.60–369.95; 1 study, 1 094 559 women).ConclusionPregnant women involved in MVC were at higher risk of maternal death and complications than those not involved.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018100788.

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Psychological impact of injuries sustained in motor vehicle crashes: systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011993 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. e011993 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Ashley Craig ◽

Yvonne Tran ◽

Rebecca Guest ◽

Bamini Gopinath ◽

Jagnoor Jagnoor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽

Vehicle Crashes

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Is driving under the influence of kava associated with motor vehicle crashes? A systematic review of the epidemiological literature

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1111/1753-6405.12435 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 495-499 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Iris Wainiqolo ◽

Bridget Kool ◽

Vili Nosa ◽

Shanthi Ameratunga

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Driving Under The Influence ◽

Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽

Vehicle Crashes

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The impact of policies regulating alcohol trading hours and days on specific alcohol-related harms: a systematic review

Injury Prevention ◽

10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042285 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 94-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Diana C Sanchez-Ramirez ◽

Donald Voaklander

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Emergency Department ◽

English Language ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Emergency Department Visits ◽

Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽

Vehicle Crashes ◽

The Impact ◽

Alcohol Related Harm ◽

Related Harm

BackgroundEvidence supports the expectation that changes in time of alcohol sales associate with changes in alcohol-related harm in both directions. However, to the best of our knowledge, no comprehensive systematic reviews had examined the effect of policies restricting time of alcohol trading on specific alcohol-related harms.ObjectiveTo compile existing evidence related to the impact of policies regulating alcohol trading hours/days of on specific harm outcomes such as: assault/violence, motor vehicle crashes/fatalities, injury, visits to the emergency department/hospital, murder/homicides and crime.MethodsSystematic review of literature studying the impact of policies regulation alcohol trading times in alcohol-related harm, published between January 2000 and October 2016 in English language.ResultsResults support the premise that policies regulating times of alcohol trading and consumption can contribute to reduce injuries, alcohol-related hospitalisations/emergency department visits, homicides and crime. Although the impact of alcohol trading policies in assault/violence and motor vehicle crashes/fatalities is also positive, these associations seem to be more complex and require further study.ConclusionEvidence suggests a potential direct effect of policies that regulate alcohol trading times in the prevention of injuries, alcohol-related hospitalisations, homicides and crime. The impact of these alcohol trading policies in assault/violence and motor vehicle crashes/fatalities is less compelling.

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