scholarly journals Assessment of nicotine dependence among tobacco users visiting outreach programs in Dharan, Nepal: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Subedi ◽  
Ashish Shrestha ◽  
Tarakant Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Nicotine Dependency ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Nicotine is a highly addictive substance present in tobacco. This study was conducted to assess the level of nicotine dependence among smokers and smokeless tobacco users visiting dental outreach programs of B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences -Dharan, Nepal. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted from June 2018 to April 2019. A total of 726 people were selected from participants of dental outreach programs of 6 districts using convenience sampling technique. The data collection was done using semi-structured questionnaire through face-to-face interview by a single researcher. History of tobacco use and level of nicotine dependency was measured using Nepali translated and validated form of Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence for smoking and smokeless tobacco. The mean age of the tobacco users was 39.55 ± 15.57. Descriptive statistics including the mean, median, percentage, standard deviations and interquartile range were computed. Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, univariate and bivariate logistic regression were used where needed. Results Nicotine dependence (moderate and severe) was found in 80% of smokeless tobacco users and 48% of smokers. Among the smokeless tobacco users, nicotine dependency was found to be more with increase in duration of tobacco use (AOR = 50.25, 95%CI = 3.51–718.62, p = 0.004), low socioeconomic status (AOR = 6.27, 95%CI = 1.30–30.31, p = 0.02), less number of tobacco packets used per day and tried to quit tobacco use in last 1 year. Among smokers nicotine dependency was found to be significantly higher with smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day (AOR = 7.14, 95% CI = 2.00–25.40, p = 0.002). Conclusions The study concluded that level of nicotine dependence for both smoking and smokeless tobacco was high among the people visiting dental outreach programs. It is high time to develop a policy to control tobacco use along with creating tobacco cessation centers. Currently, tobacco control program is mostly focusing on smoking. However, it is also important to incorporate smokeless tobacco control at policy level.

scholarly journals Assessment of nicotine dependence among tobacco users visiting outreach programs in Dharan, Nepal: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Subedi ◽  
Ashish Shrestha ◽  
Tarakant Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Tobacco Cessation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Nicotine Dependency ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Nicotine is a highly addictive substance present in tobacco. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of tobacco use and compare the nicotine dependence among smokers and smokeless tobacco users visiting dental outreach programs of B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences -Dharan, Nepal. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted from June 2018 to April 2019. A total of 726 people were selected from participants of dental outreach programs of 6 districts using convenience sampling technique. The data collection was done using semi-structured questionnaire through face to face interview by a single researcher. History of tobacco use and level of nicotine dependency was measured using Nepali translated and validated form of Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence for smoking and smokeless. The mean age of the tobacco users was 39.55 ± 15.57 (Range = 19–82 years). Descriptive statistics including the mean, median, percentage, standard deviations and interquartile range were computed. Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and odds ratio were calculated where needed. Results The overall prevalence of any tobacco use, smoking form, smokeless and both form was found to be 32.8%, 14.9%, 14.3% and 3.6% respectively. Nicotine dependence (moderate and severe) was found in 80% of smokeless tobacco users and 48% of smokers. Among the smokeless tobacco users nicotine dependency was found to be more with female gender (Odds ratio = 4.98, 95%CI = 1.41–17.69, p = 0.01), increase in duration of tobacco use with every 10 years, low socioeconomic status (Odds ratio = 2.75, 95%CI = 1.02–7.40, p = 0.04), married, not using alcohol. Among smokers nicotine dependency was found to be significantly higher with more than 30 years of duration (Odds ratio = 3.35, 95% CI = 1.42–7.92, p = 0.005). Conclusions The study concluded that prevalence of tobacco consumption and nicotine dependence was high among the people visiting dental outreach programs. This study incorporated both smoking and smokeless tobacco users. It is high time to develop a policy to control tobacco use along with creating tobacco cessation centers. Tobacco control program are basically focusing on smoking. However, it is very necessary to incorporate in policy level to control smokeless tobacco along with smoking. Tobacco cessation centers will obviously help to quit tobacco among the tobacco users.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of tobacco control television advertising in changing tobacco use in England: a population-based cross-sectional study

Addiction ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 986-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Sims ◽  
Ruth Salway ◽  
Tessa Langley ◽  
Sarah Lewis ◽  
Ann McNeill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Television Advertising ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Tobacco and E-Cigarette Use in Poland: A 2019 Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosław Pinkas ◽  
Dorota Kaleta ◽  
Wojciech Stefan Zgliczyński ◽  
Aleksandra Lusawa ◽  
Iwona Wrześniewska-Wal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Current Prevalence

Monitoring of tobacco use is one of the key tobacco control activities. This study aimed to assess the current prevalence and patterns of tobacco and e-cigarette in Poland as well as to investigate socioeconomic factors associated with cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use. This cross-sectional study was carried out in 2019, on a representative nationwide sample of 1011 individuals aged 15+ in Poland. Daily tobacco smoking was declared by 21.0% of participants; 1.3% of participants were occasional tobacco smokers, and 10.7% were former tobacco smokers. Heated tobacco was used by 0.4% of participants. Ever e-cigarette use was declared by 4.0% of participants and 1.4% were current e-cigarette users. A higher proportion of daily smokers was observed among men than women (24.4% vs. 18.0%; p < 0.0001). The age group 30 to 49 years, of a lower educational level and living in a medium-sized city (between 20,000 and 500,000 residents), was significantly associated with current daily smoking. This is the most up-to-date study on the prevalence of smoking in Poland. Further tobacco control activities are needed to reduce tobacco use in Poland.

scholarly journals Smokeless Tobacco Use and Ischemic Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maimoona Siddiqui ◽  
Muhammad Jawad Noon ◽  
Nadia Mehboob ◽  
Rabel Khalid ◽  
Salman Mansoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco Use

scholarly journals Tobacco use and associated factors among adults reside in Arba Minch health and demographic surveillance site, southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Befikadu Tariku Gutema ◽  
Adefris Chuka ◽  
Gistane Ayele ◽  
Wubshet Estifaons ◽  
Zeleke Aschalew Melketsedik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surveillance Site

Abstract Background Tobacco use is one of the world-leading preventable killers. There was a varied prevalence of tobacco use and cigarette smoking across different areas. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with current tobacco use among adults residing in Arba Minch health and demographic surveillance site (HDSS). Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adults residing in Arba Minch HDSS in 2017. The estimated sample size was 3368 individuals which were selected by simple random sampling techniques using Arba Minch HDSS dataset. Data collection tools were obtained from the WHO STEPwise. Current use of tobacco, which defined as the current use of smoked and/or smokeless tobacco, was considered as the dependent variable. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify candidate variables for the multivariable logistic regression model. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at a p-value of less than 0.05 was used to determine a statistically significant association between independent and dependent variables. Result The prevalence of tobacco use among adults was 20.2% (95% CI: 18.9–21.6%). The current use of smoked and smokeless tobacco were 17.1% (95%CI: 15.8–18.4%) and 9.7% (95%CI: 8.8–10.8%), respectively. The current use of tobacco was significantly associated with sex (female [AOR 0.54; 95%CI: 0.42–0.68] compared to men), age group (35–44 [AOR 1.57; 95%CI: 1.14–2.17], 45–54 [AOR 1.99; 95%CI: 1.45–2.74], and 55–64 [AOR 3.26; 95%CI: 2.37–4.48] years old compared to 25–35 years old), physical activity (moderate physical activity level [AOR 0.65; 95%CI: 0.44–0.96] compared with low) and residency (highland [AOR 4.39; 95% CI: 3.21–6.01] compared with at lowlander). Also, heavy alcohol consumption (AOR 3.97; 95% CI: 3.07–5.12), and Khat chewing (AOR 3.07(95%CI: 1.64–5.77) were also associated with the use of tobacco among the study participants. Conclusion Nearly one in five adults used tobacco currently in the study area, which is more than the national reports. Interventions for the reduction of tobacco use need to give due attention to men, older adults, uneducated, poor, and highlanders.

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