Employment of color Doppler echocardiographic video clips in a cardiac auscultation class with a cardiology patient simulator: discrepancy between students’ satisfaction and learning

Abstract Background We have provided fourth-year medical students with a three-hour cardiac auscultation class using a cardiology patient simulator since 2010. The test results of 2010-2012 revealed that as compared with aortic stenosis murmur, students correctly identified murmurs of other valvular diseases less often. We investigated whether employment of color Doppler echocardiographic video clips would improve proficiency in identifying murmurs of aortic regurgitation and mitral regurgitation, and whether students’ favorable responses to a questionnaire were associated with improved proficiency. Methods A total of 250 fourth-year medical students were divided into groups of 7-9 students in 2014 and 2015. Each group attended a three-hour cardiac auscultation class comprising a mini-lecture, facilitated training, two different auscultation tests (the second test being closer to clinical setting than the first) and a questionnaire. We provided each student with color Doppler echocardiographic videos of aortic regurgitation and mitral regurgitation using a tablet computer, which they freely referred to before and after listening to corresponding murmurs. The test results were compared with those in 2010-2012. The students had already completed the course of cardiovascular medicine, comprising lectures including those of physical examination, echocardiography, and valvular heart diseases, before participating in this auscultation training class. Results Most students indicated that the videos were useful or somewhat useful regarding aortic regurgitation (86.3%) and mitral regurgitation (85.7%). The accuracy rates were 78.4% (81.2% in 2010-2012) in aortic regurgitation and 76.0% (77.8%) in mitral regurgitation in the first test, and 83.3% (71.4%) in aortic regurgitation and 77.1% (77.6%) in mitral regurgitation in the second test, showing no significant differences as compared to 2010-2012. Overall accuracy rate of all heart sounds and murmurs in the first test and that of second/third/fourth sounds in the first and second tests were significantly lower in 2014-2015 than in 2010-2012. Conclusions Referring to color Doppler echocardiographic video clips in the way employed in the present study, which most students regarded as useful, did not improve their proficiency in identifying the two important regurgitant murmurs, revealing a discrepancy between students’ satisfaction and learning. Video clips synchronized with their corresponding murmurs may contribute toward improving students’ proficiency.

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Diastolic Mitral Regurgitation in Intact Mitral Valve Detected by Color Doppler Echocardiography in a Patient with Acute Aortic Regurgitation

The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine ◽

10.3904/kjim.1992.7.1.64 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 64-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Makoto Kodamag ◽

Sen Koiyama ◽

Toshio Yamaguchi ◽

Haruo Hanawa ◽

Shao Song Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mitral Valve ◽

Mitral Regurgitation ◽

Aortic Regurgitation ◽

Doppler Echocardiography ◽

Color Doppler ◽

Color Doppler Echocardiography

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Abstract 15265: Trace or Mild Valvular Heart Disease With Cardiac Remodeling, Damage, and Overload in Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.142.suppl_3.15265 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Yumin Gao ◽

Jonathan Rubin ◽

Susan Cheng ◽

Lena Mathews ◽

Ajay Kirtane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Mitral Regurgitation ◽

Aortic Stenosis ◽

Aortic Regurgitation ◽

Cardiac Remodeling ◽

Troponin T ◽

Color Doppler ◽

Left Atrial Volume ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Volume Index

Background: Few studies have evaluated the link between trace or mild valvular disease with measures of cardiac structure, function, and damage in a general population of older adults. Hypothesis: Three left-sided valvular conditions (aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, and mitral regurgitation) will be independently associated with cardiac remodeling, damage, and overload. Methods: In 4,935 ARIC participants aged 66-99 years in 2011-13, we examined the cross-sectional associations of these three valvular conditions, only in trace or mild forms, with echocardiographic measures (left ventricular mass index, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter [LVDd], ejection fraction [EF], left atrial volume index [LAVI]) and biomarkers (high sensitivity troponin-T [hs-TnT] and natriuretic peptide) using multivariable linear regression. Aortic stenosis was categorized as none or mild by peak transaortic jet velocity and mean transaortic gradient. Regurgitation was categorized as none, trace, or mild based on color Doppler signal (see the Table footnote for detailed definitions). Results: The prevalence was 4.3% for mild aortic stenosis, 10.8% for aortic regurgitation (10.3% trace, 0.5% mild), and 44.0% for mitral regurgitation (39.9% trace, 4.1% mild). Each valvular condition showed independent and graded associations with all measures tested (Table), with the exception of aortic stenosis with LVDd and aortic regurgitation with hs-TnT. There was a positive association between aortic stenosis and EF. The associations remained consistent when all three valvular conditions were modeled simultaneously. Conclusions: Three prevalent valvular conditions were independently associated with cardiac remodeling, damage, and overload. Although this study cannot determine the directionality of these associations, our results suggest the involvement of mild valvular abnormalities in the pathophysiology of functional and structural alteration of the heart.

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A Quantitative Assessment of the Need for Offering Counselling Services to Medical Students attending University of Zambia, School of Medicine.

Christian Journal for Global Health ◽

10.15566/cjgh.v7i2.325 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 93-103

Author(s):

Gretchen Slover

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Counseling Services ◽

Student Responses ◽

Counselling Services ◽

School Of Medicine ◽

Comprehensive Picture ◽

Fourth Year Medical Students ◽

The Subject ◽

The University ◽

Therapy Sessions

Background: This research was birthed in 2017 during a trip to Lusaka, Zambia, with the purpose of offering fourth-year, medical students attending the University of Zambia, School of Medicine, lectures on psychology topics as part of their clinical studies. Students were also offered brief therapy sessions where they could process thoughts and feelings causing them internal struggles. The subject of offering counseling on a regular basis was randomly discussed with the students. From these discussions the need for this research became evident, with the intent of becoming the launching pad to brainstorm the most effective ways of developing a plan to offer counseling services for all medical students attending the University of Zambia School of Medicine. Methods: An-experimental research design, consisting of completion of a 12-item questionnaire administered by paper and pen. The inclusion criteria were the fourth year, medical students attending the University of Zambia, School of Medicine. Results: The student responses revealed that most of them had little to no experience with counseling services, but a strong desire for them. Discussion: The goal of this study was to simply establish a need for an on-campus counseling service, the need of which has been established by the very students who would benefit. With the acceptance of this need, the future plan is to explore the different ways in which this need can be fulfilled with minimal costs to the Medical School Program. Conclusion: This study is the first step towards identifying the needs of the medical students and sets the ground-work for further research into the specific areas of need and mental health challenges. More specificity in the area of demographics of students will produce a more comprehensive picture of the areas of concentration for the therapists offering services.

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Awareness level of second, third and fourth year medical students toward antibiotic resistance

International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries ◽

10.24911/ijmdc.51-1583174128 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 953-959

Author(s):

Mohammed Afify ◽

Abdulrahman Alsaidi ◽

Naif Almatrafi ◽

Ahmed Alhazmi ◽

Abdullah Alzahrani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Medical Students ◽

Fourth Year Medical Students ◽

Awareness Level

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of 3D color-Doppler echocardiography and chronic aortic regurgitation: a novel approach for severity assessment.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.722011943.793509646 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Rebecca Hahn

Keyword(s):

Aortic Regurgitation ◽

Doppler Echocardiography ◽

Color Doppler ◽

Severity Assessment ◽

Color Doppler Echocardiography ◽

Novel Approach ◽

3D Color Doppler ◽

Chronic Aortic Regurgitation

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Synchronous distance teaching of radiology clerkship promotes medical students’ learning and engagement

Insights into Imaging ◽

10.1186/s13244-021-00984-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ali Alamer ◽

Fawaz Alharbi

Keyword(s):

Distance Learning ◽

Medical Students ◽

Teaching And Learning ◽

Traditional Learning ◽

Distance Teaching ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Student Attendance ◽

Perceived Satisfaction ◽

Fourth Year Medical Students ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted education in myriad ways, primarily leading to an abrupt paradigm shift in teaching and learning practices towards distance learning. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of teaching radiology to undergraduate medical students using synchronous distance learning compared to traditional on-campus learning through exploring students’ perceived satisfaction and concerns. Students’ perceptions were correlated with their attendance, grades, and frequency of technical difficulties. Methods The study was designed as an observational study involving fourth-year medical students (2019/2020) from two institutions. The cohort students were exposed to traditional learning, distance learning, or both. Students completed an online self-administered questionnaire concerning their perceptions of distance learning. Students’ attendance, engagement, technical difficulties, and post-clerkship knowledge assessments were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results A total of 145 participants completed the clerkship using the following strategies: traditional learning (n = 66), both traditional and distance learning (n = 67), and distance learning alone (n = 12). The most important result indicates that the abrupt transition to distance learning was well perceived. Most students preferred distance learning over traditional learning in the radiology clerkship (p = .05). During the synchronous sessions, student attendance was high, reaching to 100%. Technical difficulties were limited (1.9%), and they did not affect learning. Conclusion Synchronous distance teaching promotes learning, interaction, and enjoyment in undergraduate radiology education, and it can be as effective as traditional on-campus learning. The technical difficulties encountered, although they were limited, can be overcome by recording the synchronous sessions.

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Psychosocial Beliefs of Medical Students Planning to Specialize in Family Medicine

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1997.80.3.987 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 80 (3) ◽

pp. 987-992 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fred W. Markham ◽

James J. Diamond

Keyword(s):

Internal Medicine ◽

Medical Students ◽

Family Medicine ◽

Family Physicians ◽

Female Students ◽

Further Training ◽

Senior Year ◽

Family Doctors ◽

Fourth Year Medical Students ◽

Belief Scale

The psychosocial orientation of fourth-year medical students planning careers in family medicine was compared to those selecting other specialities using the Physician Belief Scale. This scale has shown that practicing family physicians have a greater psychosocial orientation than those in other specialities such as internal medicine. The current study was done to see whether students choosing family medicine already have this greater orientation before they begin training as residents. 664 fourth-year medical students received surveys during their senior year and 378 (57%) returned completed surveys. Female students had a significantly greater psychosocial orientation than their male peers, but there were no significant differences between students planning residencies in family medicine and those selecting other residencies. The greater orientation of family doctors would appear to be a product of further training and experience either during residency or later during the actual practice of family medicine.

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