scholarly journals Femorotibial kinematics in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament insufficiency: a three-dimensional in-vivo fluoroscopic analysis during walking

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selena Tinga ◽  
Stanley E. Kim ◽  
Scott A. Banks ◽  
Stephen C. Jones ◽  
Brian H. Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament

Comparison of Gait Pattern in Athletes with ACL Deficiency and Healthy Individual using an Accelerometer

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heydar Sadeghi ◽  
Hesam Fazlali ◽  
Saba Sadeghi ◽  
Seyedmojtaba Seyedmojtaba Ojaghi
Keyword(s):  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acl Deficiency ◽  
Functional Capabilities ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Background: In athletes with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiencies could assess functional capabilities with different instruments such as use of a camera in vivo situation. However, these methods have suffered from a large number of limitations such as inability to be repeatable and complexity in technique. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to compare gait pattern of the athletes with ACL injury and able-bodied subjects using an accelerometer. Method: A three-dimensional accelerometer was placed over the tibia tuberosity of 20 healthy and 20 individuals with ACL-deficiencies (ACLD). After walking on the treadmill, the principal components of the acceleration data were calculated using MATLAB software. Results: In this study, Principle Component analysis was used for statistical analysis. The results indicated that subjects with ACL deficiency have different gait pattern compared to the control group. The major differences between stride trajectories of the two groups were at the end of mid-swing and the beginning of terminal swing phases in vertical axis. ACL deficient subjects exhibited different gait patterns during mid and terminal stance phases in anterior- posterior axis compared with normal controls. Conclusions: The difference in gait between subjects with ACL deficiency and healthy subjects are depends on variation in the amount of knee flexion and tibia rotation that could be altered to motor recruitment.

DEVELOPMENT OF A CANINE STIFLE COMPUTER MODEL TO EVALUATE CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT DEFICIENCY

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 1350043 ◽  
Author(s):  
NATHAN P. BROWN ◽  
GINA E. BERTOCCI ◽  
DENIS J. MARCELLIN-LITTLE
Keyword(s):  
Computer Model ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Model Verification ◽  
Tibial Rotation ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Tibial Translation

The objective of this study was to develop a three-dimensional (3D) quasi-static rigid body canine pelvic limb computer model simulating a cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) intact and CrCL-deficient stifle during walking stance to describe stifle biomechanics. The model was based on a five-year-old neutered male Golden Retriever (33 kg) with no orthopedic or neurologic disease. Skeletal geometry and ligament anatomy determined from computed tomography (CT), optimized muscle forces, motion capture kinematics, and force platform ground reaction forces were used to develop the model. Ligament loads, tibial translation, tibial rotation, and femoromeniscal contact forces were compared across the intact and CrCL-deficient stifle. The CrCL was found to be the primary intact stifle load-bearing ligament, and the caudal cruciate ligament was the primary CrCL-deficient stifle load-bearing ligament. Normalized tibial translation and rotation were 0.61 mm/kg and 0.14 degrees/kg, respectively. Our model confirmed that the CrCL stabilizes the intact stifle and limits tibial translation and rotation. Model verification was confirmed through agreement with experimentally measured kinematics and previous in vivo, in vitro, and mathematical model studies. Parametric analysis indicated outcome measure sensitivity to ligament pre-strain. Computer modeling could be useful to further investigate stifle biomechanics associated with surgical stabilization techniques.

Effect of tibial insertion site for lateral suture stabilization on the kinematics of the cranial cruciate ligament deficient-stifle during early, middle and late stance

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
pp. 208-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Harper ◽  
O. I. Lanz ◽  
L. L. D'Amico ◽  
J. R. Butler ◽  
R. M. McLaughlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Axial Rotation ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Lateral Direction ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Lateral Suture

SummaryObjective: To evaluate the effect of two tibial attachment sites for lateral suture stabilization (LSS) on the three-dimensional femorotibial translational and rotational movements of the cranial cruciate ligament-deficient canine stifle during the early, middle and late stance phases.Study design: In vitro biomechanical study: 32 hindlimbs from 16 canine cadavers.Methods: Limbs were mounted in a testing jig and an electromagnetic tracking system was used to determine the three-dimensional femorotibial translational and rotational movements under 33% of body weight load during early, middle and late stance in the following sequence: cranial cruciate ligament-intact, cranial cruciate ligament-deficient and LSS with the distal anchor through the tibial tuberosity (LSSTT) or through the cranial eminence of the extensor groove (LSSEG). The proximal anchor point was the lateral femorofabellar ligament.Results: Post-LSS stifle three-dimensional femorotibial translational and rotational movements were more comparable to normal than post-transection movements for both techniques. Both LSS techniques restored femorotibial movements in cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifles to varying amounts but neither technique successfully restored normal three-dimensional femorotibial movements. The LSSEG improved femorotibial movements of the cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifle in the medial-lateral direction and axial rotation but performed poorly in restoring femorotibial movements in the cranial-caudal direction as compared to the LSSTT.Clinical significance: Both the LSSTT and LSSEG techniques failed to completely restore normal three-dimensional femorotibial translational and rotational movements in cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifles in vitro.

Sagittal joint instability in the cranial cruciate ligament insufficient canine stifle

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (03) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rey ◽  
M. S. Fischer ◽  
P. Böttcher
Keyword(s):  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Wedge Osteotomy ◽  
Motion Pattern ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Sound Control ◽  
In Vitro Simulation ◽  
Canine Stifle

Summary Objective: This in vivo study qualitatively describes the sagittal motion pattern of the cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) insufficient canine stifle in operated and unoperated joints with cranio-caudal laxity on palpation. Material and methods: Sagittal stifle kinematics were recorded in vivo in dogs (> 15 kg BW) with unilateral (n = 7) or bilateral (n = 6) complete CrCL rupture and positive cranial drawer test as well as two sound control dogs using uniplanar fluoroscopic kinematography with the dogs walking on a treadmill. Stifle stability and sagittal motion pattern of the femur and the tibia were determined by visual inspection of the fluoroscopic video sequences. Results: Control dogs showed no cranio-caudal instability, identical to the contralateral stifles of the dogs with unilateral rupture. All unoperated stifles with CrCL rupture (n = 6) showed caudal slippage of the femur at the beginning of the stance phase. Of the 13 operated stifles (TightRope: n = 1, tibial tuberosity advancement, TTA: n = 6, tibial plateau leveling osteotomy, TPLO: n = 5, cranial closing wedge osteotomy, CCWO: n = 1) nine were unstable, showing the same motion pattern as the unoperated stifles. Conclusion: In the CrCL insufficient stifle with in vivo cranio-caudal instability caudal slippage of the distal femur at tow touch is the predominant motion pattern. Clinical significance: The discrepancy between in vivo motion pattern and in vitro simulation of CrCL insufficiency in which cranial tibial subluxation is the predominant sagittal motion pattern warrants further studies.

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