scholarly journals Peer supervision experiences of drug sellers in a rural district in East-Central Uganda: a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Bagonza ◽  
Henry Wamani ◽  
Stefan Peterson ◽  
Andreas Mårtensson ◽  
Milton Mutto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Rural District ◽  
Peer Supervision ◽  
East Central ◽  
Drug Sellers

scholarly journals Peer supervision experiences of drug sellers in a rural district in East-Central Uganda: a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Bagonza ◽  
Henry Wamani ◽  
Stefan Peterson ◽  
Andreas Mårtensson ◽  
Milton Mutto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sick Child ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Drug Shop ◽  
Peer Supervision ◽  
East Central ◽  
Good Relationship ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Drug Sellers

Abstract BackgroundSupport supervision improves performance outcomes among health workers. However, the national professional guidelines for new licenses and renewal for class C drug shops in Uganda prescribe self-supervision of licensed private drug sellers.As such, inappropriate treatment of malaria, pneumonia and diarrhoea among children under five years of age continues unabated. This study assessed experiences of drug sellers and peer supervisors at the end of a peer supervision intervention in Luuka district in East Central Uganda.MethodsEightin-depth interviews (IDIs) were held with peer supervisors while five focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted among registered drug sellersat the end of the peer supervision intervention. The study assessed experiences and challenges of peer supervisors and drug sellers regarding peer supervision.Transcripts were imported into Atlas ti 7 qualitative data management software (ATLAS.ti GmbH, Berlin) where they were analysedusing thematic content analysis.ResultsInitially, peer supervisors were disliked and regarded as another extension of drug inspectors by drug sellers. However, with time a good relationship was established between drug sellers and peer supervisors leading to regular, predictable and supportive peer supervision. This increased confidence of drug sellers in using respiratory timers and rapid diagnostic tests in diagnosing pneumonia symptoms and uncomplicated malaria respectively among children under five years. There was also an improvement in completing the sick child register which was used for self-assessment by drug sellers. The drug shop association was mentioned as a place where peer supervision should be anchored since it was a one-stop center for sharing experiences and continuous professional development. Drug sellers proposed including community health workers in monthly drug shop association meetings so that they mayalso gain from the associated benefits. Untimely completion of the sick child registers by drug sellers and inadequate financial resources were the main peer supervision challenges mentioned.ConclusionDrug sellers benefitted from peer supervision by developing a good relationship with peer supervisors.This relationship guaranteed reliable and predictable supervision ultimately leading to improved treatment practices.There is need to explore the minimum resources needed for peer supervision of drug sellers to further inform practice and policy.

scholarly journals ‘I know those people will be approachable and not mistreat us’: a qualitative study of inspectors and private drug sellers on peer supervision in rural Uganda

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Bagonza ◽  
Stefan Peterson ◽  
Andreas Mårtensson ◽  
Milton Mutto ◽  
Phllis Awor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Peer Supervision ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Inappropriate Treatment ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Drug Sellers

Abstract BackgroundPeer supervision improves health care delivery by health workers. However, in rural Uganda, self-supervision is what is prescribed for licensed private drug sellers by statutory guidelines. Evidence shows that self-supervision encourages inappropriate treatment of children less than five years of age by private drug sellers. This study constructed a model for an appropriate peer supervisor to augment the self-supervision currently practiced by drug sellers at district level in rural Uganda.MethodsIn this qualitative study, six Key informant interviews were held with inspectors while ten focus group discussions were conducted with one hundred and thirty drug sellers. Data analysis was informed by the Kathy Charmaz constructive approach to grounded theory. Atlas ti.7 software package was used for data management.Results A model with four dimensions defining an appropriate peer supervisor was developed. The dimensions included; incentives, clearly defined roles, mediation and role model peer supervisor. While all dimensions were regarded as being important, all participants interviewed agreed that incentives for peer supervisors were the most crucial. Overall, an appropriate peer supervisor was described as being exemplary to other drug sellers, operated within a defined framework, well facilitated to do their role and a good go-between drug sellers and government inspectors. Conclusion Four central contributions advance literature by the model developed by our study. First, the model fills a supervision gap for rural private drug sellers. Second, it highlights the need for terms of reference for peer supervisors. Third, it describes who an appropriate peer supervisor should be. Lastly, it elucidates the kind of resources needed for peer supervision.

scholarly journals Peer supervision experiences of drug sellers in a rural district in East-Central Uganda: a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Bagonza ◽  
Henry Wamani ◽  
Stefan Peterson ◽  
Andreas Mårtensson ◽  
Milton Mutto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sick Child ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Drug Shop ◽  
Peer Supervision ◽  
East Central ◽  
Good Relationship ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Drug Sellers

Abstract Background Support supervision improves performance outcomes among health workers. However, the national professional guidelines for new licenses and renewal for class C drug shops in Uganda prescribe self-supervision of licensed private drug sellers. As such, inappropriate treatment of malaria, pneumonia and diarrhoea among children under five years of age continues unabated. This study assessed experiences of drug sellers and peer supervisors at the end of a peer supervision intervention in Luuka district in East Central Uganda. Methods Eight in-depth interviews (IDIs) were held with peer supervisors while five focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted among registered drug sellers at the end of the peer supervision intervention. The study assessed experiences and challenges of peer supervisors and drug sellers regarding peer supervision. Transcripts were imported into Atlas ti 7 qualitative data management software (ATLAS.ti GmbH, Berlin) where they were analysed using qualitative thematic content analysis. Results Initially, peer supervisors were disliked and regarded as another extension of drug inspectors by drug sellers. However, with time a good relationship was established between drug sellers and peer supervisors leading to regular, predictable and supportive peer supervision. This increased confidence of drug sellers in using respiratory timers and rapid diagnostic tests in diagnosing pneumonia symptoms and uncomplicated malaria respectively among children under five years. There was also an improvement in completing the sick child register which was used for self-assessment by drug sellers. The drug shop association was mentioned as a place where peer supervision should be anchored since it was a one-stop center for sharing experiences and continuous professional development. Drug sellers proposed including community health workers in monthly drug shop association meetings so that they may also gain from the associated benefits. Untimely completion of the sick child registers by drug sellers and lack of adequate resources were the main peer supervision challenges mentioned. Conclusion Drug sellers benefitted from peer supervision by developing a good relationship with peer supervisors. This relationship guaranteed reliable and predictable supervision ultimately leading to improved treatment practices. There is need to explore the bare minimum resources needed for peer supervision.

scholarly journals ‘I know those people will be approachable and not mistreat us’: a qualitative study of inspectors and private drug sellers’ views on peer supervision in rural Uganda

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Bagonza ◽  
Stefan Peterson ◽  
Andreas Mårtensson ◽  
Milton Mutto ◽  
Phllis Awor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Peer Supervision ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Inappropriate Treatment ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Drug Sellers

Abstract BackgroundPeer supervision improves health care delivery by health workers. However, in rural Uganda, self-supervision is what is prescribed for licensed private drug sellers by statutory guidelines. Evidence shows that self-supervision encourages inappropriate treatment of children less than five years of age by private drug sellers. This study constructed a model for an appropriate peer supervisor to augment the self-supervision currently practiced by drug sellers at district level in rural Uganda.MethodsIn this qualitative study, six Key informant interviews were held with inspectors while ten focus group discussions were conducted with one hundred and thirty drug sellers. Data analysis was informed by the Kathy Charmaz constructive approach to grounded theory. Atlas ti.7 software package was used for data management.Results A model with four dimensions defining an appropriate peer supervisor was developed. The dimensions included; incentives, clearly defined roles, mediation and role model peer supervisor. While all dimensions were regarded as being important, all participants interviewed agreed that incentives for peer supervisors were the most crucial. Overall, an appropriate peer supervisor was described as being exemplary to other drug sellers, operated within a defined framework, well facilitated to do their role and a good go-between drug sellers and government inspectors. Conclusion Four central contributions advance literature by the model developed by our study. First, the model fills a supervision gap for rural private drug sellers. Second, it highlights the need for terms of reference for peer supervisors. Third, it describes who an appropriate peer supervisor should be. Lastly, it elucidates the kind of resources needed for peer supervision.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Peer-Supervision on Paediatric Fever Treatment Among Registered Private Drug Sellers in East-Central Uganda: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Bagonza ◽  
Freddy Eric Kitutu ◽  
Stefan Peterson ◽  
Andreas Mårtensson ◽  
Milton Mutto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Uncomplicated Malaria ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Bloody Diarrhoea ◽  
Drug Shop ◽  
Peer Supervision ◽  
East Central ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Drug Sellers

Abstract Background: Appropriate treatment of paediatric fever in rural areas remains a challenge and may be partly due to inadequate supervision of licensed drug sellers. This study assessed the effectiveness of peer-supervision among drug sellers on appropriate treatment of pneumonia symptoms, uncomplicated malaria and non-bloody diarrhoea among children less than five years of age in the intervention (Luuka) and comparison (Buyende) districts, in East-Central Uganda.Methods: Data on pneumonia symptoms, uncomplicated malaria and non-bloody diarrhoea among children less than five years of age was abstracted from drug shop sick child registers over a 12-month period; six months before and six months after introduction of peer-supervision. Interrupted time series was applied to determine the effectiveness of the peer-supervision intervention on appropriate treatment of pneumonia, uncomplicated malaria and non-bloody diarrhoea among children less than five years of age attending drug shops in East Central Uganda.Results: The proportion of children treated appropriately for pneumonia symptoms was 10.84% (P < 0.05, CI = [1.75, 19.9]) higher, for uncomplicated malaria was 1.46% (P = 0.79, CI = [-10.43, 13.36]) higher, and for non-bloody diarrhoea was 4.00% (p < 0.05, CI = [-7.95, -0.13]) lower in the intervention district than the comparison district, respectively.Post-intervention trend results showed an increase of 1.21% (p =0.008, CI = [0.36, 2.05]) in the proportion appropriately treated for pneumonia symptoms, no difference in appropriate treatment for uncomplicated malaria, and a reduction of 1% (p <0.06, CI = [-1.95, 0.02]) in the proportion of children appropriately treated for non-bloody diarrhoea, respectively.Conclusions: Peer-supervision increased the proportion of children less than five years of age that received appropriate treatment for pneumonia symptoms but not for uncomplicated malaria and non-bloody diarrhoea. Implementation of community level interventions to improve paediatric fever management should consider including peer-supervision among drug sellers.

scholarly journals ‘I know those people will be approachable and not mistreat us’: a qualitative study of inspectors and private drug sellers’ views on peer supervision in rural Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Bagonza ◽  
Stefan Peterson ◽  
Andreas Mårtensson ◽  
Milton Mutto ◽  
Phyllis Awor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Peer Supervision ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Inappropriate Treatment ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Drug Sellers

Abstract Background Peer supervision improves health care delivery by health workers. However, in rural Uganda, self-supervision is what is prescribed for licensed private drug sellers by statutory guidelines. Evidence shows that self-supervision encourages inappropriate treatment of children less than 5 years of age by private drug sellers. This study constructed a model for an appropriate peer supervisor to augment the self-supervision currently practiced by drug sellers at district level in rural Uganda. Methods In this qualitative study, six Key informant interviews were held with inspectors while ten focus group discussions were conducted with 130 drug sellers. Data analysis was informed by the Kathy Charmaz constructive approach to grounded theory. Atlas ti.7 software package was used for data management. Results A model with four dimensions defining an appropriate peer supervisor was developed. The dimensions included; incentives, clearly defined roles, mediation and role model peer supervisor. While all dimensions were regarded as being important, all participants interviewed agreed that incentives for peer supervisors were the most crucial. Overall, an appropriate peer supervisor was described as being exemplary to other drug sellers, operated within a defined framework, well facilitated to do their role and a good go-between drug sellers and government inspectors. Conclusion Four central contributions advance literature by the model developed by our study. First, the model fills a supervision gap for rural private drug sellers. Second, it highlights the need for terms of reference for peer supervisors. Third, it describes who an appropriate peer supervisor should be. Lastly, it elucidates the kind of resources needed for peer supervision.

scholarly journals Community Knowledge and Acceptance of Larviciding for Malaria Control in a Rural District of East-Central Tanzania

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 5137-5154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Mboera ◽  
Randall Kramer ◽  
Marie Miranda ◽  
Stella Kilima ◽  
Elizabeth Shayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Control ◽  
Rural District ◽  
Community Knowledge ◽  
East Central ◽  
Knowledge And Acceptance
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document