Integrating Agricultural Diversification in China’s Major Policies for Sustainable and Resilient Crop Production

Agricultural diversification of intensified farming systems is being proposed as a solution for achieving both food security and agricultural sustainability, but so far there has been little implementation of such policy at a larger scale. In China, major policies promote the “High-standard farmland consolidation” (HSFC) strategy to improve productivity and reduce environmental degradation in the world’s largest food production areas by simplifying instead of diversifying landscapes on large instead of small fields. As China’s Central government is asking for scientific innovations to improve its sustainable development strategy, we argue that China can become a role model to integrate agricultural diversification in its major policies, if HSFC builds on five decades of diversification research to achieve the national food security and sustainable development goals. We use text mining to analyze the past 17 years of China’s most important agricultural policy, the No. 1 Central Documents (1CD) policy and show that agricultural diversification at the field and supply chain level has received limited attention. Based on global synthesis studies covering five decades of research, we provide practical recommendations of how to integrate agricultural diversification in the China’s major policies from the national (the National 5-Year Plan and 1CD) to the provincial level. We use the major agricultural commodities rice, tea, wheat, and rapeseed in Zhejiang province as a case study to discuss how diversification can help to reach China’s sustainable agriculture targets. Diversification of China’s major food production areas on small fields could be an important example globally of how scientific progress informs policy and facilitates the food system transition.

Slaveries of the First Millennium

In a world where princesses found themselves enslaved, kidnapped boys became army generals, and biblical Joseph was a role model, this book narrates the formation of the Middle Ages from the point of view of slavery, and outlines a new approach to enhance our understanding of modern forms of enslavement. Offering an analysis of recent scholarship and an array of sources, never before studied together, from distinct societies and cultures of the first millennium, it challenges the traditional dichotomy between ancient and medieval slaveries. Revealing the dynamic, versatile, and adaptable character of slavery it presents an innovative definition of slavery as a historical process.

Role Model Characteristics and Impact of Role Models on Medical Students’ Specialty Choices (difficult to catch the concept! can it be “Medical teacher’s role model characteristics and their impact on student’s carrier choice”?)

This was a descriptive type of cross-sectional study conducted to identify the Characteristics /qualities of role model/ medical teachers as perceived by medical students and to identify the influence of role models in selecting subjects for their future career. This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted during July 2019 to June 2020. A semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. A total of 868 medical students of phase III and phase IV were the respondents of the study. All available students who were willing to participate in the study were selected and medical colleges were selected purposively. Study revealed that out of 868 respondents 741 (85.4%) had identified role models during the course of their studies and 127 (14.6%) respondents could not identify any role models. It was observed that 91% students opted for clinical subjects while 9% opted for preclinical and para-clinical subjects. With regards to their subjects of choice for future career 21.0% of the students preferred Medicine, followed by Surgery (20.0%), Gynecology (9.2%) and Orthopedics (3.8%).Two hundred and thirty-two (26.7%) of the students did not choose any subject for their future career. Regarding the influence of role models in selecting subjects for future career it was revealed that 334 (61%) respondents felt that role models had influence. Maintaining integrity and neutrality by role models was given the highest importance and general appearance of role model was considered least important by the respondents. (Not clear! is it Role Model Characteristics?).The academic institutes should make an effort to develop the role modeling of faculty by highlighting positive attributes of role models. Teachers should be made aware of the influence of role models on their future colleagues Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.13(1) January 2022: 3-9

Professional Values in Guiding Professional Behavior of Nurses: A Phenomenological Study

Introduction: Nurses must have knowledge and awareness concerning professional values as standards to provide safe and high-quality care. Objective: The study aimed to explore the professional’s value in directing nurses’ behavior. Method: A qualitative study design with a phenomenology approach was applied in this study. We involved ten nurses with ten years of working experience and acting as role models in nurse managers. The data analysis used the Colaizzi method. We found the professional nursing values among nurses, including human dignity, integrity, professional practice, altruism, and compassion. Dimensions that underlying the professional values are knowledge, skill, and attitude. Results: The following four themes reflected how to apply nurses value: 1) Competence in facing challenges; 2 Nurses provided services based on knowledge and skills, a sense of help and compassion for love as a form of worship and commitment to the profession; 3) feeling satisfied in undergoing the nurse profession; 4) expectations of professional development. Professional nurses have a positive attitude and a hope for professional development. Conclusion: The hospital could improve nursing education and research by providing evidence-based practices for self-development. Recommendation: Nurse managers also can provide services based on science, skills, and attitudes as a form of worship and commitment to the profession, becoming a role model for the nurse-led

Creating Autonomy in the Advance of Teacher and Moral Educator Development

The demand for character development in many of the Western World’s public schools is increasing. Yet there are substantive steps being taken beyond manipulating student behavior in rigidly constructed contexts. Unfortunately manipulating behavior only develops self-interest as the measure of all good and might makes right the legitimation of authority. Yet as any anthropologist can explain it is role-modeling family and village elders that decides which of two instincts will dominate human development: self-interest or cooperation (Tomasello, 2019). As Aristotle famously observed, it makes no small difference what habits humans develop rather, it makes all the difference. But to be truly conducive to moral development those habits must reflect autonomous conviction to develop organizational well-being over the pandemonium self-interest leads towards. The Moral Self-assessment Protocol discussed herein creates the conditions for teacher and other leaders to track their own moral development to role model for those growing into organization membership, in schools, cities, states, countries and businesses.

The effectiveness of policy communication in promoting #KangPisMan program among university students

This study is aimed at measuring the effectiveness of policy communication in promoting #KangPisMan program among university students. #KangPisMan is a top priority program of Bandung Municipal Government to tackle waste management problem. In this sense, the problem of plastic waste has become a global concern about environment, therefore it is a hope that, by promoting #KangPisMan, a new lifestyle will make people more aware of environmental sustainability. The program was established in 2018, so it is necessary to measure the effectiveness of its communicating strategy. In terms of public communication, the realization of promoting the program should be measured based on its optimal value. The present study seeks to analyse the effectiveness of communication strategy by employing 7C concepts as introduced. The questionnaire was distributed to 300 respondents (based on purposive sampling) which were registered as students of Faculty of Social Sciences Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. Validity of the questionnaire is measured by corrected item-total correlation. The analysis shows that communication strategy in promoting #KangPisMan was relatively effective by considering the lowest scores of continuity and consistency. It shows that the aspect of consistency in promoting the program should be enhanced. Meanwhile, the aspect of credibility had the highest value. Therefore, it is a big capital to promote the program through the role model as reflected by the team. In general, all respondents were satisfied of the communication strategy in promoting the program. However, the effectiveness is still potential to be developed in the upcoming time.

Kesiapan Generasi Milenial Sebagai Role Model di Era New Normal

<em>In 2020, the year the demographic bonus begins, the millennial generation is in the age range of 20 years to 40 years. This age is a productive age which is predicted to be the backbone of Indonesia's change. However, before achieving the optimization of the demographic bonus which is considered to have a positive impact, Indonesia was first hit by the Covid-19 outbreak with a very fast transmission. Not wanting to linger in uncertainty when the pandemic will end, the Government finally decided to live side by side with Cov19, one of which was by issuing a New Normal policy with the aim of keeping people productive and safe from Covid-19 during the pandemic. Therefore, the community needs a role model that can be used as an ideal role model and example. The millennial generation with all the characteristics and skills they have in this phase is seen as being able to become a role model in facing rapid changes and new orders in society. The approach used is a qualitative approach using literature study methods from books, journals and other sources relevant to the title. The result of this paper is that the productive age of the millennial generation has been in the take off phase, meaning that it can be used as a role model by the community.</em>

1 FILSAFAT AL-FARABI DALAM PRAKTEK PENDIDIKAN ISLAM

This research is aimed to explore al-Farabi philosophy in the practice of Islamic education. Al-Farabi is called as “the second teacher” after Aristotle due to his ability to understand Aristotle, who was known as the first teacher in philosophy. He also was the first Moslem philosopher who tried to face and intertwine classical Greek political philosophy and Islam as well as possible. He also made effort to make the philosophy understandable under the context of religions. In this regard, Al-Farabi was also considered as the one preserving intellectual tradition of al-Kindi, although with higher competence and creativity, and more complicated sophistication and freedom thinking. While al-Kindi was prominent as literally Moslem philosopher, al-Farabi was admitted as the founder of philosophy study in Islam, which has been developed ever since. He was the Second Teacher and the next highest authority after his role-model, Aristotle. He gained fame for introducing the doctrine of “The Harmony of Plato’s and Aristotle’s Thinking.” His logical knowledge capacity is adequate and he was well-known as Abu Nashr or Abu Naser among Latin philosophers. The philosophy of al-Farabi reconstructs the practice of Islamic education with the presence of integrality of naturalist nativits with empiricist. This brings together the belief that what someone has is important and the presence of empirical experience influence. In the context of learning process, a teacher might give learning experience which develop students’ potential, talents, and interests in defining themselves in time. Key words: al-Farabi philosophy, Islamic education, Harmony