scholarly journals Quantitative evaluation of ankle cartilage in asymptomatic adolescent football players after season by T2-mapping magnetic resonance imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sipin Luo ◽  
Yi Cao ◽  
Peng Hu ◽  
Nan Wang ◽  
Yeda Wan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Acute Injury ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Magic Angle ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Tibiotalar Joint ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Ankle sprain affects the structure and function of ankle cartilage. However, it is not clear whether the daily training and competition affect the ankle cartilage without acute injury. Changes in ankle cartilage without injury may influence future strategies to protect ankle function in athletes. This study aimed to evaluate whether the composition of ankle cartilage significantly altered in asymptomatic adolescent football players after a whole season of training and competition using T2-mapping magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and methods 12 local club’s U17 asymptomatic adolescent football players without abnormalities in routine MRI were included. Routine and T2-mapping MRI were performed to measure the cartilage thickness of tibiotalar joint (TT) and posterior subtalar joint (pST) and T2 values in pre- and post-seasons. All of them took the right side as dominant foot. Results In the pre- and post-seasons, cartilage T2 values in TT (talus side) and pST (calcaneus side) were higher than that of TT (tibial side) and pST (talus side) (all p < 0.05), which was caused by magic angle effect and gravity load. No statistically significant differences in thickness after season in the other cartilages of ankle were found compared with that before the season (all p > 0.05). However, T2 values of TT (tibial side and talus side) cartilage in the dominant foot were significantly reduced after season (p = 0.008; p = 0.034). These results indicate that the microstructure of articular cartilage changes in the joints with greater mobility, although no trauma occurred and the gross morphology of cartilage did not change. Conclusion Changes in the T2 values of tibiotalar joint cartilage in the dominant foot of healthy young athletes before and after the season suggest that the microstructure of cartilage had changed during sports even without injury. This finding suggests that the dominant ankle joint should be protected during football to delay degeneration of the articular cartilage.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging T2 Values of Stifle Articular Cartilage in Normal Beagles

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (02) ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kei Hayashi ◽  
Brian Caserto ◽  
Mary Norman ◽  
Hollis Potter ◽  
Matthew Koff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Condylar Cartilage ◽  
Tibial Cartilage ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Canine Stifle

Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate regional differences of canine stifle articular cartilage using the quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique of T2 mapping. Methods Fourteen stifle joints from seven juvenile male Beagle dogs with no evidence or prior history of pelvic limb lameness were imaged ex vivo using standard of care fast spin echo MRI and quantitative T2 mapping protocols. Regions of interest were compared between the femoral, patellar and tibial cartilages, as well as between the lateral and medial femorotibial compartments. Limbs were processed for histology with standard stains to confirm normal cartilage. Results The average T2 value of femoral trochlear cartilage (37.5 ± 2.3 ms) was significantly prolonged (p < 0.0001) as compared with the femoral condylar, patellar and tibial condylar cartilages (33.1 ± 1.5 ms, 32.8 ± 2.3 ms, and 28.0 ± 1.7 ms, respectively). When comparing medial and lateral condylar compartments, the lateral femoral condylar cartilage had the longest T2 values (34.8 ± 2.8 ms), as compared with the medial femoral condylar cartilage (30.9 ± 1.9 ms) and lateral tibial cartilage (29.1 ± 2.3 ms), while the medial tibial cartilage had the shortest T2 values (26.7 ± 2.4 ms). Clinical Significance As seen in other species, regional differences in T2 values of the canine stifle joint are identified. Understanding normal regions of anticipated prolongation in different joint compartments is needed when using quantitative imaging in models of canine osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals A serial multiparametric quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study to assess proteoglycan depletion of human articular cartilage and its effects on functionality

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Hafner ◽  
Justus Schock ◽  
Manuel Post ◽  
Daniel Benjamin Abrar ◽  
Philipp Sewerin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Proton Density ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Condylar Cartilage

Abstract Water, collagen, and proteoglycans determine articular cartilage functionality. If altered, susceptibility to premature degeneration is increased. This study investigated the effects of enzymatic proteoglycan depletion on cartilage functionality as assessed by advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques under standardized loading. Lateral femoral condylar cartilage-bone samples from patients undergoing knee replacement (n = 29) were serially imaged by Proton Density-weighted and T1, T1ρ, T2, and T2* mapping sequences on a clinical 3.0 T MRI scanner (Achieva, Philips). Using pressure-controlled indentation loading, samples were imaged unloaded and quasi-statically loaded to 15.1 N and 28.6 N, and both before and after exposure to low-concentrated (LT, 0.1 mg/mL, n = 10) or high-concentrated trypsin (HT, 1.0 mg/mL, n = 10). Controls were not treated (n = 9). Responses to loading were assessed for the entire sample and regionally, i.e. sub- and peri-pistonally, and zonally, i.e. upper and lower sample halves. Trypsin effects were quantified as relative changes (Δ), analysed using appropriate statistical tests, and referenced histologically. Histological proteoglycan depletion was reflected by significant sub-pistonal decreases in T1 (p = 0.003) and T2 (p = 0.008) after HT exposure. Loading-induced changes in T1ρ and T2* were not related. In conclusion, proteoglycan depletion alters cartilage functionality and may be assessed using serial T1 and T2 mapping under loading.

Assessment of T2 Relaxation Times for Normal Canine Knee Articular Cartilage by T2 Mapping Using 1.5-T Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (06) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asami Matsui ◽  
Miki Shimizu ◽  
Brian Beale ◽  
Fumitaka Takahashi ◽  
Sinya Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Cartilage Thickness ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
T2 Relaxation ◽  
Stifle Joint

Abstract Objectives This study aims to assess and compare the T2 relaxation times for articular cartilage of normal canine stifle joints in four regions by T2 mapping using a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods In vivo prospective study: 20 hindlimbs (left and right) from 10 normal healthy beagle dogs (n = 20). The region of interest (ROI) was subdivided into medial and lateral condyles of femoral cartilage (MF and LF, respectively) and medial and lateral condyles of tibial cartilage (MT and LT, respectively). The T2 relaxation times were assessed in regions where the cartilage thickness was greater than 0.5 mm. Results The median maximum cartilage thickness (mm) of the four ROI were 0.7 (range: 0.9–0.6), 0.6 (range: 0.7–0.5), 0.7 (range: 0.9–0.5) and 0.6 (range: 0.8–0.5) at MF, LF, MT and LT, respectively. The errors in the measurement (%) of the four ROI were 64.3 (range: 50.0–75.0), 75.0 (range: 64.3–90.0), 64.3 (range: 20.0–90.0) and 75.0 (range: 56.3–90.0) at MF, LF, MT and LT, respectively. The median T2 relaxation times (ms) for the articular cartilage of the four ROI were 70.2 (range: 57.9–87.9), 57.5 (range: 46.8–66.9), 65.0 (range: 52.0–92.0) and 57.0 (range: 49.0–66.2) at MF, LF, MT and LT, respectively. The inter-observer correlation coefficient (ICC, 2.1) for the T2 relaxation times of MF was 0.644. Clinical Significance This study offers useful information on T2 relaxation times for articular cartilage of the stifle joint using a 1.5-T MRI in normal dogs.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Early Knee Cartilage Injury in Athletes and Its Significance in Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2175-2180
Author(s):  
Yahong Lan ◽  
Jianji Yang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Cartilage Injury ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Knee Cartilage ◽  
Patellar Cartilage ◽  
Early Injury ◽  
Lateral Area

Objective: The objective is to study the application and significance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of early knee joint cartilage injury in athletes, so as to provide corresponding rehabilitation training. Method: The imaging manifestations of T2 mapping of patellar cartilage in athletes and healthy volunteers are studied. 32 national professional athletes are included. The imaging characteristics of T2 mapping pseudocolor images of normal patellar cartilage are analyzed. The image characteristics of early patellar cartilage injury in T2 mapping pseudocolor images are analyzed, and the comparison of cartilage injury between athletes and ordinary people, as well as the injury of left and right knee cartilage of athletes are obtained. Results: The average value of T2 (T2av) of right patellar cartilage of athletes is higher than that of left patellar cartilage, and there are significant differences. The average T2av of right patellar cartilage is slightly higher than that of left patellar cartilage in healthy volunteers, with no significant differences. With the increase of training years, the color scale of patellar cartilage gradually increases, from the surface to the deep layer. In addition, the damage is aggravated, the blue range is reduced, the green range is expanded, and some yellow areas appear, which are more mixed. The lateral area and deviation to lateral area of right patellar cartilage are more obvious, and the T2 value is increased. Conclusion: T2 mapping can reflect the early injury of articular cartilage sensitively, intuitively and quantitatively. Before the morphological changes, the changes of biochemical structure of degenerative articular cartilage can be found by T2 mapping, which can provide theoretical support for the detection of early injury of knee cartilage in athletes.

scholarly journals Functional brain effects of acute concussion in Australian rules football players

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 205970021986120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme D Jackson ◽  
Michael Makdissi ◽  
Mangor Pedersen ◽  
Donna M Parker ◽  
Evan K Curwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Local Functional ◽  
Brain Changes ◽  
The Right

Aim To determine whether acute sport-related concussion is associated with functional brain changes in Australian rules footballers. Methods Twenty acutely concussed professional Australian footballers were studied with 3 T magnetic resonance imaging and compared to 20 age-matched control subjects. We statistically compared whole-brain local functional magnetic resonance imaging connectivity between acutely concussed footballers and controls using voxel-wise permutation testing. Results The acutely concussed football players had significantly decreased local functional magnetic resonance imaging connectivity in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, right inferior parietal lobe, and right anterior insula, compared to controls. No functional brain changes between groups within the default mode network were observed. Discussion Acutely concussed footballers had in common decreased functional connectivity within the right lateralized “cognitive control network” of the brain that is involved in executive functions, and the “salience network” involved in switching between tasks. Dysfunction of these brain regions is a plausible explanation for typical clinical features of concussion.

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