Roles of two distinct alphasatellites modulating geminivirus pathogenesis

Abstract Background Alphasatellites are small coding DNA satellites frequently associated with a begomovirus/betasatellite complex, where they are known to modulate virulence and symptom development. Two distinct alphasatellites, namely, Cotton leaf curl Multan alphasatellite (CLCuMuA), and Gossypium darwinii symptomless alphasatellite (GDarSLA) associated with Cotton leaf curl Multan virus-India (CLCuMuV-IN) and Ludwigia leaf distortion betasatellite (LuLDB) were found to be associated with yellow mosaic disease of hollyhock (Alcea rosea) plants. In this study, we show that alphasatellites CLCuMuA and GDarSLA attenuate and delay symptom development in Nicotiana benthamiana. The presence of either alphasatellites reduce the accumulation of the helper virus CLCuMuV-IN. However, the levels of the associated betasatellite, LuLDB, remains unchanged. These results suggest that the alphasatellites could contribute to the host defence and understanding their role in disease development is important for developing resistance strategies. Methods Tandem repeat constructs of two distinct alphasatellites, namely, CLCuMuA and GDarSLA associated with CLCuMuV-IN and LuLDB were generated. N. benthamiana plants were co-agroinoculated with CLCuMuV and its associated alphasatellites and betasatellite molecules and samples were collected at 7, 14 and 21 days post inoculation (dpi). The viral DNA molecules were quantified in N. benthamiana plants by qPCR. The sequences were analysed using the MEGA-X tool, and a phylogenetic tree was generated. Genetic diversity among the CLCuMuA and GDarSLA was analysed using the DnaSP tool. Results We observed a reduction in symptom severity and accumulation of helper virus in the presence of two alphasatellites isolated from naturally infected hollyhock plants. However, no reduction in the accumulation of betasatellite was observed. The phylogenetic and genetic variability study revealed the evolutionary dynamics of these distinct alphasatellites , which could explain the role of hollyhock-associated alphasatellites in plants. Conclusions This study provides evidence that alphasatellites have a role in symptom modulation and suppress helper virus replication without any discernible effect on the replication of the associated betasatellite.

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Cotton Leaf Curl Virus: Ionic Status of Leaves and Symptom Development

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology ◽

10.1111/j.1744-7909.2006.00267.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 48 (5) ◽

pp. 558-562 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Naeem Iqbal ◽

Muhammad Yasin Ashraf ◽

Farrukh Javed ◽

Muhammad Ashraf ◽

Sohail Hameed

Keyword(s):

Cotton Leaf ◽

Symptom Development ◽

Cotton Leaf Curl Virus ◽

Leaf Curl Virus ◽

Leaf Curl

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Molecular Characterization and Transmission Study of the Begomovirus on Hollyhock Plant Causing Leaf Curl Disease for the First Time in Province Punjab, Pakistan

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1195511/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Hajra Azeem ◽

Rashida Perveen ◽

Muhammad Nouman Tahir ◽

Ummad-ud-din Umar ◽

Fatih Ölmez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ornamental Plant ◽

Cotton Leaf ◽

Leaf Curling ◽

Medicinal Value ◽

Transmission Study ◽

Alcea Rosea ◽

First Time ◽

Leaf Curl Disease ◽

Positive Results ◽

Leaf Curl

Abstract I. Background: Hollyhock (Alcea rosea) is an ornamental plant belonging to the Malvaceae family and has a remarkable aesthetic and medicinal value. Previously in Pakistan, the hollyhock plant was not found to be infected by begomovirus and the plant first time showed the symptoms of typical leaf curling, puckering as well as thickened veins. II. Methods and Results: During the year 2018, symptomatic samples of the hollyhock plants were collected that exhibited characteristic typical leaf curling, puckering as well as thickened veins. DNA was extracted from the samples and the PCR technique was optimized for the detection of begomovirus followed by sequencing. The samples were detected to be infected with begomovirus by using Av/Ac core, Begomo 01/02, and CLCV 01/02 primer showed positive results with 579bp, 2.8kb, and 1.1kb nucleotide respectively. The betasatellite was amplified by using beta01/02 and CLCuMuBF11/R33 showed positive results with 1400bp and 481bp respectively. Sequencing results showed that diseased hollyhock plants were associated with Cotton leaf curl Multan virus-Rajasthan strain along with Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite. III. Conclusion: Hollyhock plants infected by begomovirus has been reported for the first time as a possible source of virus inoculum from Pakistan.

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A Yellow Mosaic Disease of Soybean in Northern India is Caused by Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pd-90-0975c ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 90 (7) ◽

pp. 975-975 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

S. K. Raj ◽

M. S. Khan ◽

S. K. Snehi ◽

S. Srivastava ◽

H. B. Singh

Keyword(s):

Disease Incidence ◽

Mosaic Disease ◽

Cotton Leaf ◽

Yellow Mosaic Disease ◽

New Host ◽

Northern India ◽

National Botanical Research Institute ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Botanical Research ◽

Leaf Curl

Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., is a protein- and oil-rich crop cultivated in India and abroad. A yellow mosaic disease was observed on soybean with 80 to 90% disease incidence during August 2005 at fields of the National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, in northern India. Soybean plants were found to be infested with whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) suggesting begomovirus etiology. The disease agent was transmitted experimentally by whiteflies, and symptoms developed after 23 days. Total DNA was isolated from 51 leaf samples collected from 42 symptomatic and 9 asymptomatic plants. Polymerase chain reaction was performed using begomovirus coat protein-specific primers 5′-ATGGCGAA GCGACCAG-3′ and 5′-TTAATTTGTGACCGAATCAT-3′ (AM180920/ AM180921). An amplicon of the expected size (~800 bp) was obtained in all 42 symptomatic leaves but not from any of the nine asymptomatic leaf samples. The amplicon was cloned, and the identical sequence of three clones was submitted to GenBank (Accession No. DQ343283). BLAST search of nucleotide sequences revealed 95% identity with Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus (CLCKV) (GenBank Accession Nos. AJ002449, AJ002448, AJ496286, and AY456683) and 57% identity with Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV-Sb, GenBank Accession No. AY049772). Results indicated that the virus associated with yellow mosaic disease of soybean is an isolate of CLCKV rather than MYMIV-Sb (1) reported earlier on soybean from northern India. To our knowledge, this is the first report of soybean as a new host of Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus. Reference: (1) K. S. Usharani et al. Curr. Sci. 86:845, 2004.

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Occurrence of a recombinant molecule carrying sequences derived from an alphasatellite and the helper virus in cotton affected with cotton leaf curl disease

Tropical Plant Pathology ◽

10.1007/s40858-017-0161-5 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 42 (5) ◽

pp. 397-402

Author(s):

Malik Nawaz Shuja ◽

Muhammad Tahir ◽

Rob W. Briddon

Keyword(s):

Helper Virus ◽

Cotton Leaf ◽

Cotton Leaf Curl Disease ◽

Recombinant Molecule ◽

Leaf Curl Disease ◽

Leaf Curl

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The minimal sequence essential for replication and movement of Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite DNA by a helper virus in plant cells

Virus Genes ◽

10.1007/s11262-016-1354-6 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 52 (5) ◽

pp. 679-687 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Omid Eini ◽

S. A. Akbar Behjatnia

Keyword(s):

Plant Cells ◽

Helper Virus ◽

Cotton Leaf ◽

Minimal Sequence ◽

Leaf Curl

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Molecular characterization of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus and DNA-satellites complex associated enation leaf curl and yellow vein mosaic disease of hollyhock

10.21203/rs.3.rs-173261/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

K.V. Ashwathappa ◽

V Venkataravanappa ◽

M. Nandan ◽

H.D. Vinaykumar ◽

K. S. Shankarappa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Complex Disease ◽

Pcr Amplification ◽

Mosaic Disease ◽

Ornamental Plant ◽

Yellow Vein ◽

Cotton Leaf ◽

New Delhi ◽

The Status ◽

Full Length Genome ◽

Leaf Curl

Abstract Hollyhock is one important decorative plant grown in garden beds in different region of the the world. The ornamental plant is susceptible to many diseases caused by diverse pathogens. Among these viral pathogens can cause enormous damage to the ornamental plant. The aim of the present study was identification of begomovirus and DNA sateelites is associated with the yellow vein mosaic and enation leaf curl disease complex of hollyhock. The hollyhock plants showing the typical begomovirus-like symptoms were collected from Pusa campus, New Delhi (India). To know the status of the begomovirus, the total DNA isolated from the infected hollyhock was subjected to PCR amplification using primers specific to the begomovirus. The partial (1.2 kb) genome sequencing of ten hollyhock samples indicates the associated of begomovirus (nucleotide identities is more 95% among themselves). Therefore three representative samples (H1, H2, H3) full-length genome (DNA-A, betasatellite and alphasatellite) was amplified through RCA method. The pairwise comparision of complete genome of the begomoviruses, betasatellites and alphasatellites using Sequence Demarcation Tool (SDT) showed highest nucleotide (nt) identity of 88.0 to 92.7% (DNA-A) with Cotton leaf curl Multan virus, 92.5–96.7% with Ludwigia leaf distortion betasatellite and 90.4 to 93. 2% % with Ageratum enation alphasatellite. Further recombinantion analysis showed that the begomoviruses and DNA satellites under study was recombinants of previously reported begomoviruses and DNA sattelites. This is the first report of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus and DNA satellites associated complex disease of hollyhock in India.

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Implication of the Whitefly Protein Vps Twenty Associated 1 (Vta1) in the Transmission of Cotton Leaf Curl Multan Virus

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9020304 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 304

Author(s):

Yao Chi ◽

Li-Long Pan ◽

Shu-Sheng Liu ◽

Shahid Mansoor ◽

Xiao-Wei Wang

Keyword(s):

Coat Protein ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Cotton Leaf ◽

Yeast Two Hybrid ◽

Yeast Two Hybrid System ◽

Vacuolar Protein ◽

Leaf Curl Disease ◽

Two Hybrid ◽

Asia Ii 1 ◽

Leaf Curl

Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV) is one of the major casual agents of cotton leaf curl disease. Previous studies show that two indigenous whitefly species of the Bemisia tabaci complex, Asia II 1 and Asia II 7, are able to transmit CLCuMuV, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the transmission are poorly known. In this study, we attempted to identify the whitefly proteins involved in CLCuMuV transmission. First, using a yeast two-hybrid system, we identified 54 candidate proteins of Asia II 1 that putatively can interact with the coat protein of CLCuMuV. Second, we examined interactions between the CLCuMuV coat protein and several whitefly proteins, including vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein (Vps) twenty associated 1 (Vta1). Third, using RNA interference, we found that Vta1 positively regulated CLCuMuV acquisition and transmission by the Asia II 1 whitefly. In addition, we showed that the interaction between the CLCuMuV coat protein and Vta1 from the whitefly Middle East-Asia Minor (MEAM1), a poor vector of CLCuMuV, was much weaker than that between Asia II 1 Vta1 and the CLCuMuV coat protein. Silencing of Vta1 in MEAM1 did not affect the quantity of CLCuMuV acquired by the whitefly. Taken together, our results suggest that Vta1 may play an important role in the transmission of CLCuMuV by the whitefly.

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