scholarly journals Age of puppies at referral to veterinary cardiology specialists for murmur investigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Bernadette Rovroy ◽  
Viktor Szatmári
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Digital Archive ◽  
Cardiac Anomaly ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Cardiac Auscultation ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Anomaly ◽  
Cardiac Anomalies ◽  
Veterinary Practitioner ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Anomalies

Abstract Background Cardiac auscultation is an important screening test at the first health examination of puppies because most clinically relevant congenital cardiac anomalies cause a loud murmur from birth. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the age at which dogs with suspected congenital cardiac anomalies were referred to a veterinary cardiology specialist for murmur investigation. A secondary aim was to establish the time interval between the visit to the cardiologist and the first available murmur documentation. The digital archive of a veterinary teaching hospital was searched for dogs with congenital cardiac anomalies and puppies with innocent murmurs during a 5-year period. Dogs had to be referred because of a murmur, and they had to undergo physical examination and echocardiography by a veterinary cardiology specialist. The health certificate section of the pet passport, and the medical records from the referring veterinarian, were reviewed to identify the date when the murmur was first documented. Results Of the 271 included dogs, 94% had a congenital cardiac anomaly and 6% had an innocent murmur. The dogs’ median age was 190 days when they were examined by the cardiologist. Only 10% of the dogs were referred by the breeder’s veterinarian, while 90% of the dogs were referred by the new owner’s veterinarian. The median age of the first available murmur documentation by a first opinion veterinary practitioner was 95 days. Conclusions Only 10% of the puppies in the present study were referred to a veterinary cardiology specialist for murmur investigation before they were sold to a new owner. Referral prior to re-homing would have been feasible if the murmur had been detected and documented by the breeder’s veterinarian, if referral was offered by the breeder’s veterinarian and the referral was accepted by the breeder.

Cor Triatriatum: A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Jha ◽  
Neeti Makhija
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cor Triatriatum ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Cardiac Anomaly ◽  
Classical Form ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Anomaly ◽  
Systemic Embolization ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Anomalies ◽  
Cardiac Asthma

Cor triatriatum is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly defined by an abnormal septation within the atrium (left or right) leading to inflow obstruction to the respective ventricles. It exists either in isolated classical form or may be associated with simple to complex congenital cardiac anomalies. Several anatomical variants exist even in the classical form, and therefore, it may require multimodal diagnostic modalities to characterize and differentiate for better percutaneous interventional or surgical planning. It commonly presents in infancy but may remain undetected till death. Symptomatology typically mimics mitral and tricuspid stenosis in sinister and dexter varieties, respectively. However, features of systemic embolization, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, cyanosis, cardiac asthma, syncope, and sudden cardiac arrest have also been reported in the literature. Surgical correction under cardiopulmonary bypass is the preferred treatment. Nevertheless, balloon dilatation may be considered in anatomically compatible variants and in special circumstances, such as heart failure, pregnancy, or as a bridge to definitive treatment.

Diagnosis, management, and results of treatment for aortopulmonary window

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 506-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Mert ◽  
Tufan Paker ◽  
Atif Akcevin ◽  
Gurkan Cetin ◽  
Ahmet Ozkara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Good Condition ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Pulmonary Trunk ◽  
Cardiac Anomaly ◽  
Aortopulmonary Window ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Anomaly ◽  
Cardiac Anomalies ◽  
Transaortic Approach

The aortopulmonary window is a communication between the ascending aorta and the pulmonary trunk in the presence of two separate arterial valves. This uncommon congenital anomaly is reported rarely in the literature. We present here our experience with 16 patients, emphasizing the importance of early closure of the defect by a transaortic approach.We performed surgery on 16 patients over a period of 13 years using a transaortic approach under cardiopulmonary bypass. The median age of the patients at the time of operation was 6.5 months, with a range from 1 month to 11 years. Preoperative pulmonary arterial systolic pressure ranged from 30 to 100 mmHg. Associated cardiac anomalies were present in 7 of the patients, and were repaired at the same stage. The defect was between the ascending aorta and the proximal pulmonary trunk in 13 patients, and between the ascending aorta and the distal pulmonary trunk, with overriding of the orifice of the right pulmonary artery, in 3 patients. For closure, we used a patch of 0.4 mm Gore-Tex in 11, and gluteraldehyde-treated autologous pericardium in 5 of the patients.One patient died during surgery. The mean follow-up period for the surviving 15 patients was 52.2 months, with a range from 12 to 130 months. All the patients were in good condition during the follow-up, and no residual defects have been detected.Aortopulmonary window is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly, which can be repaired with very good operative results if surgery is performed before the development of irreversible pulmonary hypertension. We advise early correction of the defect with a transaortic patch, repairing all associated cardiac anomalies at the time of diagnosis.

scholarly journals Computed tomography features of cor triatriatum: an institutional review

2021 ◽  
pp. 20201252
Author(s):  
Archita Goel ◽  
Sanjaya Viswamitra ◽  
Bhavana Nagabhushana Reddy ◽  
Jahnavi Gaduputi
Keyword(s):  
Septal Defect ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Cor Triatriatum ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Cardiac Anomaly ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Cardiac Anomalies ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Anomalies

Objectives: Cor Triatriatum is a rare anomaly that can either involves the left atrium (Cor Triatriatum Sinister-CTS) or the right atrium (Cor Triatriatum Dexter- CTD). Preoperative identification of this anomaly is important in determining patient treatment course. The objective of this paper is to understand imaging findings, classification and to familiarise the reader with other associated congenital cardiac anomalies that influence patient management. Methods: From the hospital electronic health records (EHR) database, we identified 10 patients of Cor Triatriatum out of 974 patients who underwent cardiac CT between 15 July 2014 and 20 March 2020 for congenital heart disease. Medical records and imaging findings were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Out of 10 patients, nine patients had CTS (90%) and only one patient had CTD (10%). Five out of nine patients (55.5%) had CTS type II and four (44.4%) had CTS type III. The mean of the membrane orifices in CTS type III was 18.5 mm and was 5.78 mm in CTS type II. Pulmonary veins were dilated in all patients of CTS type II (62.5%), two patient of CTS type III (25%) and in only patient with CTD (12.5%). Ostium secundum atrial septal defect was the most common (66%) associated cardiac anomaly, followed by ventricular septal defect (44%). Conclusions: CT allows excellent pre-operative evaluation of Cor Triatriatum and associated cardiac anomalies. Advances in knowledge: CT is excellent in making a diagnosis and classifying Cor Triatriatum and for identification of cardiac anomalies and complications associated with it.

Development of the Foramen Secundum in the Chick as Observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 212-213
Author(s):  
M.J.C. Hendrix ◽  
D.E. Morse
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Procaine Hydrochloride ◽  
Cardiac Anomaly ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Anomaly ◽  
Septal Defects ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Scanning Electron

Atrial septal defects are considered the most common congenital cardiac anomaly occurring in humans. In studying the normal sequential development of the atrial septum, chick embryos of the White Leghorn strain were prepared for scanning electron microscopy and the results were then extrapolated to the human heart. One-hundred-eighty chick embryos from 2 to 21 days of age were removed from their shells and immersed in cold cacodylate-buffered aldehyde fixative . Twenty-four embryos through the first week post-hatching were perfused in vivo using cold cacodylate-buffered aldehyde fixative with procaine hydrochloride. The hearts were immediately dissected free and remained in the fixative a minimum of 2 hours. In most cases, the lateral atrial walls were removed during this period. The tissues were then dehydrated using a series of ascending grades of ethanol; final dehydration of the tissues was achieved via the critical point drying method followed by sputter-coating with goldpalladium.

scholarly journals Primary versus Staged Closure of Exomphalos Major: Cardiac Anomalies Do Not Affect Outcome

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Rees ◽  
Lucinda Tullie ◽  
Agostino Pierro ◽  
Edward Kiely ◽  
Joe Curry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Primary Closure ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Fascial Defect ◽  
Pentalogy Of Cantrell ◽  
Cardiac Anomalies ◽  
Intensive Care Stay ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Anomalies ◽  
Liver Herniation

Aim The objective of the study is to describe management of exomphalos major and investigate the effect of congenital cardiac anomalies. Methods A single-center retrospective review (with audit approval) was performed of neonates with exomphalos major (fascial defect ≥ 5cm ± liver herniation) between 2004 and 2014.Demographic and operative data were collected and outcomes compared between infants who had primary or staged closure. Data, median (range), were analyzed appropriately. Results A total of 22 patients were included, 20 with liver herniation and 1 with pentalogy of Cantrell. Gestational age was 38 (30–40) weeks, birth weight 2.7 (1.4–4.6) kg, and 13 (60%) were male. Two were managed conservatively due to severe comorbidities, 5 underwent primary closure, and 15 had application of Prolene (Ethicon Inc) mesh silo and serial reduction. Five died, including two managed conservatively, none primarily of the exomphalos. Survivors were followed up for 38 months (2–71). Cardiac anomalies were present in 20 (91%) patients: 8 had minor and 12 major anomalies. Twelve (55%) patients had other anomalies. Primary closure was associated with shorter length of stay (13 vs. 85 days, p = 0.02), but infants had similar lengths of intensive care stay, duration of parenteral feeds, and time to full feeds. Infants with cardiac anomalies had shorter times to full closure (28 vs. 62 days, p = 0.03), but other outcomes were similar. Conclusion Infants whose defect can be closed primarily have a shorter length of stay, but other outcomes are similar. Infants with more significant abdominovisceral disproportion are managed with staged closure; the presence of major cardiac anomalies does not affect surgical outcome.

scholarly journals Isolated Cor Triatriatum Sinister: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
Zanda Grīnberga ◽  
Pauls Sīlis ◽  
Elīna Ligere ◽  
Ingūna Lubaua ◽  
Inta Bergmane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Atrium ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Venous Drainage ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Cor Triatriatum ◽  
Cardiac Anomaly ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Anomaly ◽  
Cor Triatriatum Sinister ◽  
The Right

SummaryCor triatriatum sinister is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly that has been identified in 0.1% of children with congenital heart disease. It is defined as a fibromuscular membrane that divides the left atrium into two chambers: a superior (proximal) that in most cases receives drainage from the pulmonary veins and an inferior (distal) chamber that communicates with the mitral valve and the left atrium. Cor triatriatum sinister can be an isolated lesion (approximately 25% of cases), but in many cases it is associated with other congenital cardiovascular anomalies, the most common one being – atrial septal defect(3). Symptoms in patients with cor triatriatum sinister are related to obstruction of pulmonary venous drainage, pressure loading of the right side of the heart and congestive cardiac failure. Depending on the severity of the obstruction and presence of associated cardiac anomalies it can be diagnosed at any age. Diagnosis is usually achieved by echocardiography in early infancy. Elective treatment method is surgical excision of the membrane. Here we present a pediatric patient (4 months old) presenting in cardiogenic shock with a successful correction of isolated cor triatriatum sinister. To confirm diagnosis and success of surgical repair, transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography were used.

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