scholarly journals Postnatal developmental dynamics of cell type specification genes in Brn3a/Pou4f1 Retinal Ganglion Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Vladimirovich Muzyka ◽  
Matthew Brooks ◽  
Tudor Constantin Badea
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Developmental Dynamics ◽  
Type Specification

scholarly journals Molecular codes for cell type specification in Brn3 retinal ganglion cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (20) ◽  
pp. E3974-E3983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szilard Sajgo ◽  
Miruna Georgiana Ghinia ◽  
Matthew Brooks ◽  
Friedrich Kretschmer ◽  
Katherine Chuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Neuronal Morphology ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Type Specification ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Combinatorial Code

Visual information is conveyed from the eye to the brain by distinct types of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). It is largely unknown how RGCs acquire their defining morphological and physiological features and connect to upstream and downstream synaptic partners. The three Brn3/Pou4f transcription factors (TFs) participate in a combinatorial code for RGC type specification, but their exact molecular roles are still unclear. We use deep sequencing to define (i) transcriptomes of Brn3a- and/or Brn3b-positive RGCs, (ii) Brn3a- and/or Brn3b-dependent RGC transcripts, and (iii) transcriptomes of retinorecipient areas of the brain at developmental stages relevant for axon guidance, dendrite formation, and synaptogenesis. We reveal a combinatorial code of TFs, cell surface molecules, and determinants of neuronal morphology that is differentially expressed in specific RGC populations and selectively regulated by Brn3a and/or Brn3b. This comprehensive molecular code provides a basis for understanding neuronal cell type specification in RGCs.

Mitochondrial Optic Neuropathies: How Two Genomes may Kill the Same Cell Type?

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 173-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Carelli ◽  
Chiara La Morgia ◽  
Luisa Iommarini ◽  
Rosanna Carroccia ◽  
Marina Mattiazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Mitochondrial Diseases ◽  
Ocular Involvement ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Mitochondrial Network ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cellular Targets ◽  
Hereditary Optic Neuropathy

Ocular involvement is a prevalent feature in mitochondrial diseases. Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and dominant optic atrophy (DOA) are both non-syndromic optic neuropathies with a mitochondrial etiology. LHON is associated with point mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which affect subunit genes of complex I. The majority of DOA patients harbor mutations in the nuclear-encoded protein OPA1, which is targeted to mitochondria and participates to cristae organization and mitochondrial network dynamics. In both disorders the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are specific cellular targets of the degenerative process. We here review the clinical features and the genetic bases, and delineate the possible common pathomechanism for both these disorders.

Categorization of Physiologically and Morphologically Characterized non-α/non-β Cat Retinal Ganglion Cells Using Fractal Geometry

Fractals ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 673-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Jelinek ◽  
I. Spence
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Box Counting ◽  
Standard Values ◽  
Box Counting Method ◽  
Delta Cells

Non-α/non-β cat retinal ganglion cell images were obtained from the published literature, and a homogeneous group of cells was chosen as a standard for each currently accepted cell type (γ, δ and ε). The NIH box-counting method was chosen to determine the fractal dimension (Df) of all cells. The 'standard' values allowed comparisons with other morphologically and physiologically non-α/non-β classified cell types in the literature. We suggest, based on fractal analysis of the dendritic trees, that the morphologically defined γ, δ, and ε cells are distinct types. The W-tonic and W-phasic cell types were further divided into 2 subcategories (W-tonic1, W-tonic2, W-phasic1, W-phasic2). The fractal dimension, of the ε cells being equivalent to the W-tonic1 group and γ cell type equivalent to the W-phasic1 group. Delta cells may be equivalent to either the W-tonic2 or the W-phasic2 group. We discuss the value of the fractal dimension as an added morphological parameter for future morphophysiological classification schemes of vertebrate retinal ganglion cells.

Enriched populations of rat retinal ganglion cells: Studies using a cell-type specific surface marker

1983 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 691-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Beale ◽  
David W. Beaton ◽  
Volker Neuhoff ◽  
Neville N. Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Surface Marker ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Cell Type Specific

scholarly journals Lineage tracing analysis of cone photoreceptor-associated cis-regulatory elements in the developing chicken retina

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estie Schick ◽  
Sean D. McCaffery ◽  
Erin E. Keblish ◽  
Cassandra Thakurdin ◽  
Mark M. Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Lineage Tracing ◽  
Horizontal Cells ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Cone Photoreceptors ◽  
Cell Type

During vertebrate retinal development, transient populations of retinal progenitor cells with restricted cell fate choices are formed. One of these progenitor populations expresses the Thrb gene and can be identified with the ThrbCRM1 cis-regulatory element. Short-term assays have concluded that these cells preferentially generate cone photoreceptors and horizontal cells, however developmental timing has precluded an extensive cell type characterization of their progeny. Here we describe the development and validation of a recombinase-based lineage tracing system for the chicken embryo to further characterize the lineage of these cells. The ThrbCRM1 element was found to preferentially form photoreceptors and horizontal cells, as well as a small number of retinal ganglion cells. The photoreceptor cell progeny are exclusively cone photoreceptors and not rod photoreceptors, confirming that ThrbCRM1-progenitor cells are restricted from the rod fate. In addition, specific subtypes of horizontal cells and retinal ganglion cells were overrepresented, suggesting that ThrbCRM1 progenitor cells are not only restricted for cell type, but for cell subtype as well.

Sonic hedgehog is not required for the induction of medial floor plate cells in the zebrafish

Development ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 125 (15) ◽  
pp. 2983-2993 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.E. Schauerte ◽  
F.J. van Eeden ◽  
C. Fricke ◽  
J. Odenthal ◽  
U. Strahle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Sonic Hedgehog ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Floor Plate ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Secreted Protein ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Pectoral Fins

Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a secreted protein that is involved in the organization and patterning of several tissues in vertebrates. We show that the zebrafish sonic-you (syu) gene, a member of a group of five genes required for somite patterning, is encoding Shh. Embryos mutant for a deletion of syu display defects in patterning of the somites, the lateral floor plate cells, the pectoral fins, the axons of motorneurons and the retinal ganglion cells. In contrast to mouse embryos lacking Shh activity, syu mutant embryos do form medial floor plate cells and motorneurons. Since ectopic overexpression of shh in zebrafish embryos does not induce ectopic medial floor plate cells, we conclude that shh is neither required nor sufficient to induce this cell type in the zebrafish.

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