scholarly journals Feasibility of controlling hepatitis E in Jiangsu Province, China: a modelling study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Yang ◽  
Xiao-Qing Cheng ◽  
Ze-Yu Zhao ◽  
Pei-Hua Li ◽  
Jia Rui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Infectious Period ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Transmission Dynamic ◽  
Experimental Animal Models ◽  
History Of ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Key Parameter

Abstract Background Hepatitis E, an acute zoonotic disease caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV), has a relatively high burden in developing countries. The current research model on hepatitis E mainly uses experimental animal models (such as pigs, chickens, and rabbits) to explain the transmission of HEV. Few studies have developed a multi-host and multi-route transmission dynamic model (MHMRTDM) to explore the transmission feature of HEV. Hence, this study aimed to explore its transmission and evaluate the effectiveness of intervention using the dataset of Jiangsu Province. Methods We developed a dataset comprising all reported HEV cases in Jiangsu Province from 2005 to 2018. The MHMRTDM was developed according to the natural history of HEV cases among humans and pigs and the multi-transmission routes such as person-to-person, pig-to-person, and environment-to-person. We estimated the key parameter of the transmission using the principle of least root mean square to fit the curve of the MHMRTDM to the reported data. We developed models with single or combined countermeasures to assess the effectiveness of interventions, which include vaccination, shortening the infectious period, and cutting transmission routes. The indicator, total attack rate (TAR), was adopted to assess the effectiveness. Results From 2005 to 2018, 44 923 hepatitis E cases were reported in Jiangsu Province. The model fits the data well (R2 = 0.655, P < 0.001). The incidence of the disease in Jiangsu Province and its cities peaks are around March; however, transmissibility of the disease peaks in December and January. The model showed that the most effective intervention was interrupting the pig-to-person route during the incidence trough of September, thereby reducing the TAR by 98.11%, followed by vaccination (reducing the TAR by 76.25% when the vaccination coefficient is 100%) and shortening the infectious period (reducing the TAR by 50.05% when the infectious period is shortened to 15 days). Conclusions HEV could be controlled by interrupting the pig-to-person route, shortening the infectious period, and vaccination. Among these interventions, the most effective was interrupting the pig-to-person route. Graphic Abstract

scholarly journals Molecular tracing of Japan-indigenous hepatitis E viruses

2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 949-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhito Tanaka ◽  
Kazuaki Takahashi ◽  
Etsuro Orito ◽  
Yoshiyasu Karino ◽  
Jong-Hon Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Nucleotide Substitutions ◽  
Genotype 4 ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Evolutionary Growth ◽  
Rna Polymerase Gene

The ancestor(s) of apparently Japan-indigenous strains of Hepatitis E virus (HEV) was probably of foreign origin, but it remains unclear when and from where it made inroads. In this study, 24 genotype 3 and 24 genotype 4 HEV strains recovered in Japan each showed a significant cluster, clearly distinct from those of foreign strains, in the phylogenetic tree constructed from an 821 nt RNA polymerase gene fragment. The evolutionary rate, approximately 0·8×10−3 nucleotide substitutions per site per year, enabled tracing of the demographic history of HEV and suggested that the ancestors of Japan-indigenous HEV had made inroads around 1900, when several kinds of Yorkshire pig were imported from the UK to Japan. Interestingly, the evolutionary growth of genotype 3 in Japan has been slow since the 1920s, whereas genotype 4 has spread rapidly since the 1980s. In conclusion, these data suggest that the indigenization and spread of HEV in Japan were associated with the popularization of eating pork.

scholarly journals Mystery of Hepatitis E Virus: Recent Advances in Its Diagnosis and Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aftab Ahmed ◽  
Ijlal Akbar Ali ◽  
Hira Ghazal ◽  
Javid Fazili ◽  
Salman Nusrat
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Pegylated Interferon ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Acute And Chronic Hepatitis

Mysterious aspects of the long presumed to be well-known hepatitis E virus (HEV) have recently surfaced that distinguish it from other hepatotropic viruses. It is a cause of chronic hepatitis in immunosuppressed patients. It has human to human transmission through blood and mantains high seroprevalence in blood donors. HEV has also been found to occur more frequently in the West in those without a history of travel to endemic countries. It has varied extrahepatic manifestations and has multiple non-human reservoirs including pigs and rats. Considering these recent discoveries, it appears odd that HEV is not sought more frequently when working up acute and chronic hepatitis patients. The disease is particularly severe among pregnant women and has a high attack rate in young adults. What adds to its ambiguity is the absence of a well-established diagnostic criteria for its detection and that there is no specific antiviral drug for hepatitis E, except for isolated cases where ribavirin or pegylated interferon alpha has been used with occasional success. This review paper discusses the recent advances in the knowledge of the virus itself, its epidemiology, diagnostic approach and prevention, and the treatment options available.

scholarly journals Hepatitis E virus seroprevalence among blood donors in Jiangsu Province, East China

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 9-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanchuan Zhuang ◽  
Xian Ding ◽  
Chun Lyu ◽  
Leilei Xiang ◽  
Hairong Teng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
East China

Incidence and natural history of hepatitis E virus coinfection among HIV-infected patients

AIDS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (13) ◽  
pp. 1931-1937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A. Pineda ◽  
Celia Cifuentes ◽  
Manuel Parra ◽  
Nicolás Merchante ◽  
Elisabet Pérez-Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
History Of

Influence of Immunosuppressive Therapy on the Natural History of Genotype 3 Hepatitis-E Virus Infection After Organ Transplantation

2010 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nassim Kamar ◽  
Florence Abravanel ◽  
Janick Selves ◽  
Cyril Garrouste ◽  
Laure Esposito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Immunosuppressive Therapy ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
History Of

Phylogeography and evolutionary history of hepatitis E virus genotype 3 in Argentina

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María B Pisano ◽  
Andrés C A Culasso ◽  
Nancy Altabert ◽  
Maribel G Martínez Wassaf ◽  
Silvia V Nates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Posterior Density ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Most Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Highest Posterior Density

Abstract Background Few studies about the evolutionary history of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) have been conducted. The aim of our work was to investigate and make inferences about the origin and routes of dispersion of HEV-3 in Argentina. Methods Phylogenetic, coalescent and phylogeographic analyses were performed using a 322-bp ORF2 genomic fragment of all HEV-3 sequences with known date and place of isolation published at GenBank until May 2018 (n=926), including 16 Argentinian sequences (isolated from pigs, water and humans). Results Phylogenetic analysis revealed two clades within HEV-3: abchij and efg. All Argentinian samples were grouped intermingled within clade 3abchij. The coalescent analysis showed that the most recent common ancestor for the clade 3abchij would have existed around the year 1967 (95% highest posterior density (HPD): 1963–1970). The estimated substitution rate was 1.01×10−2 (95%HPD: 9.3×10ˉ3–1.09×10ˉ2) substitutions/site/y, comparable with the rate previously described. The phylogeographic approach revealed a correspondence between phylogeny and place of origin for Argentinian samples, suggesting many HEV introductions in the country, probably from Europe and Japan. Conclusions This is the first evolutionary inference of HEV-3 that includes Argentinian strains, showing the circulation of many HEV-3 subtypes, obtained from different sources and places, with recent diversification processes. Accession numbers [KX812460], [KX812461], [KX812462], [KX812465], [KX812466], [KX812467], [KX812468], [KX812469].

scholarly journals Phylogenetic analysis and epidemiological history of Hepatitis E virus 3f and 3c in swine and wild boar, Italy

Heliyon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. e05110
Author(s):  
Alessandra Lo Presti ◽  
Roberto Bruni ◽  
Umbertina Villano ◽  
Cinzia Marcantonio ◽  
Michele Equestre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
History Of

Molecular epidemiology and genetic history of European-type genotype 3 hepatitis E virus indigenized in the central region of Japan

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1524-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsunori Nakano ◽  
Hiroshi Okano ◽  
Makoto Kobayashi ◽  
Keiichi Ito ◽  
Shigeru Ohmori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Genetic History ◽  
History Of
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