scholarly journals Assessment of exercise-induced stress by automated measurement of salivary cortisol concentrations within the circadian rhythm in Japanese female long-distance runners

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazumi Ushiki ◽  
Katsuhiko Tsunekawa ◽  
Yoshifumi Shoho ◽  
Larasati Martha ◽  
Hirotaka Ishigaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Automated Measurement ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Japanese Female ◽  
Exercise Induced

scholarly journals Assessment of exercise-induced stress by automated measurement of salivary cortisol concentrations within the circadian rhythm in Japanese female long-distance runners

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazumi Ushiki ◽  
Katsuhiko Tsunekawa ◽  
Yoshifumi Shoho ◽  
Larasati Martha ◽  
Hirotaka Ishigaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Overtraining Syndrome

Abstract Background Overtraining syndrome, caused by prolonged excessive stress, results in reduced performance and cortisol responsiveness in athletes. It is necessary to collect saliva samples sequentially within circadian rhythm for assessing exercise stress by measuring cortisol concentrations, and automated cortisol measurements using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) may be useful for measuring a large number of saliva samples. In this study, we evaluated the appropriate use of cortisol-based exercise stress assessment within the circadian rhythm, which may diagnose and prevent overtraining syndrome in athletes. Methods We collected saliva and sera from 54 healthy participants and analyzed the correlation between salivary cortisol concentrations measured by ECLIA and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or serum cortisol analysis. We also collected saliva continuously from 12 female long-distance runners on 2 consecutive days involving different intensities and types of exercise early in the morning and in the afternoon and measured salivary cortisol concentrations using ECLIA. Each exercise intensity of runners was measured by running velocities, Borg Scale score, and rate of change in the pulse rate by exercise. Results ECLIA-based salivary cortisol concentrations correlated positively with those detected by ELISA (ρ = 0.924, p < 0.001) and serum cortisol (ρ = 0.591, p = 0.001). In long-distance runners, circadian rhythm of salivary cortisol including peak after waking and decrease promptly thereafter were detected on both days by continuous saliva sampling. The rates of change in salivary cortisol concentrations were significantly lower after an early morning exercise than after an afternoon exercise on both days (day 1, p = 0.002 and day 2, p = 0.003). In the early morning exercise, the rate of change in salivary cortisol concentration was significantly higher on day 1 than on day 2 ( p = 0.034), similar to significant difference in running velocities ( p = 0.001). Conclusions Our results suggest that automated ECLIA-based salivary cortisol measurements are able to detect the athletes' circadian rhythm and compare the exercise stress intensities at the same times on different days, even in the early morning, possibly leading to prevention of overtraining syndrome.

scholarly journals Assessment of exercise-induced stress by automated measurement of salivary cortisol concentrations within the circadian rhythm in Japanese female long-distance runners

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazumi Ushiki ◽  
Katsuhiko Tsunekawa ◽  
Yoshifumi Shoho ◽  
Larasati Martha ◽  
Hirotaka Ishigaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Overtraining Syndrome

Abstract Background: Overtraining syndrome, caused by prolonged excessive stress, results in reduced performance and cortisol responsiveness in athletes. It is necessary to collect saliva samples sequentially within circadian rhythm for assessing exercise stress by measuring cortisol concentrations, and automated cortisol measurements using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) may be useful for measuring a large number of saliva samples. In this study, we evaluated the appropriate use of cortisol-based exercise stress assessment within the circadian rhythm, which may diagnose and prevent overtraining syndrome in athletes. Methods: We collected saliva and sera from 54 healthy participants and analyzed the correlation between salivary cortisol concentrations measured by ECLIA and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or serum cortisol analysis. We also collected saliva continuously from 12 female long-distance runners on 2 consecutive days involving different intensities and types of exercise early in the morning and in the afternoon and measured salivary cortisol concentrations using ECLIA. Each exercise intensity of runners was measured by running velocities, Borg Scale score, and rate of change in the pulse rate by exercise. Results: ECLIA-based salivary cortisol concentrations correlated positively with those detected by ELISA (ρ = 0.924, p < 0.001) and serum cortisol (ρ = 0.591, p = 0.001). In long-distance runners, circadian rhythm of salivary cortisol including peak after waking and decrease promptly thereafter were detected on both days by continuous saliva sampling. The rates of change in salivary cortisol concentrations were significantly lower after an early morning exercise than after an afternoon exercise on both days (day 1, p = 0.002 and day 2, p = 0.003). In the early morning exercise, the rate of change in salivary cortisol concentration was significantly higher on day 1 than on day 2 ( p = 0.034), similar to significant difference in running velocities ( p = 0.001).Conclusions: Our results suggest that automated ECLIA-based salivary cortisol measurements are able to detect the athletes' circadian rhythm and compare the exercise stress intensities at the same times on different days, even in the early morning, possibly leading to prevention of overtraining syndrome.

Exercise-Induced Urinary Abnormalities in Long-Distance Runners

1984 ◽  
Vol 05 (05) ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gilli ◽  
E. De Paoli Vitali ◽  
G. Tataranni ◽  
A. Farinelli
Keyword(s):  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Urinary Abnormalities

scholarly journals Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Use and Endurance During Running in Male Long-Distance Runners

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Da Silva ◽  
Ronei S. Pinto ◽  
Eduardo L. Cadore ◽  
Luiz F. Kruel
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Inflammatory Drug ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Ibuprofen Group

Context: The effect of ibuprofen on pain tolerance during exercise is controversial, and its effects on endurance performance have been poorly investigated. Objective: To investigate the effect of prophylactic administration of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen on the time until the self-report of fatigue (tlim) in runners with exercise-induced muscle damage. Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial. Setting: Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty healthy male long-distance runners (age = 18.8 ± 0.4 years, maximal oxygen consumption = 55.5 ± 5.9 mL·kg−1·min−1). Intervention(s): Participants were assigned to 2 groups (ibuprofen group = 10, placebo group = 10) to perform tlim trials (speed corresponded to their previously determined secondventilatory thresholds) 48 hours before and 48 hours after the induction of a lower limb muscle-damage protocol (isokinetic dynamometry). One hour before the second tlim trial, the ibuprofen group received 1.2 g ibuprofen, and the placebo group received lactose orally. Main Outcome Measure(s): Time until self-reported fatigue, heart rate, respiratory quotient, oxygen consumption, and perceived exertion were recorded during each tlim test. Results: Both groups reported increases in muscle pain in the knee extensors and flexors 48 hours after the muscle-damage protocol. We observed a reduction in the endurance performance of both groups (P &lt; .01) but no difference between groups (P = .55). Conclusions: Ibuprofen did not reduce the effect of muscle damage and pain on performance. Prophylactic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs did not have an ergogenic effect on running performance after exercise-induced muscle damage in male long-distance runners.

scholarly journals Cryotherapy Models and Timing-Sequence Recovery of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Middle- and Long-Distance Runners

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-335
Author(s):  
Chaoyi Qu ◽  
Zhaozhao Wu ◽  
Minxiao Xu ◽  
Fei Qin ◽  
Yanan Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Recovery Methods

Context Among sports-recovery methods, cold-water immersion (CWI), contrast-water therapy (CWT), and whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) have been applied widely to enhance recovery after strenuous exercise. However, the different timing effects in exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) after these recovery protocols remain unknown. Objective To compare the effects of CWI, CWT, and WBC on the timing-sequence recovery of EIMD through different indicator responses. Design Crossover study. Setting Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants Twelve male middle- and long-distance runners from the Beijing Sport University (age = 21.00 ± 0.95 years). Intervention(s) Participants were treated with different recovery methods (control [CON], CWI, CWT, WBC) immediately postexercise and at 24, 48, and 72 hours postexercise. Main Outcome Measure(s) We measured perceived sensation using a visual analog scale (VAS), plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity, plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) activity, and vertical-jump height (VJH) pre-exercise, immediately postexercise, and at 1, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours postexercise. Results For the VAS score and CK activity, WBC exhibited better timing-sequence recovery effects than CON and CWI (P &lt; .05), but the CWT demonstrated better effects than CON (P &lt; .05). The CRP activity was lower after WBC than after the other interventions (P &lt; .05). The VJH was lower after WBC than after CON and CWI (P &lt; .05). Conclusions The WBC positively affected VAS, CK, CRP, and VJH associated with EIMD. The CWT and CWI also showed positive effects. However, for the activity and timing-sequence effect, CWT had weaker effects than WBC.

Prevalence of Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm in Long Distance Runners Trained in Cold Weather

Lung ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 182 (5) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ka?an ��ok ◽  
?enol Dane ◽  
Hakk? G�kbel ◽  
Sedat Akar
Keyword(s):  
Cold Weather ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Exercise Induced

scholarly journals Relationships between Training Load, Salivary Cortisol Responses and Performance during Season Training in Middle and Long Distance Runners

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e106066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Balsalobre-Fernández ◽  
Carlos Mª Tejero-González ◽  
Juan del Campo-Vecino
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Cortisol Responses ◽  
And Performance

Hypoxémie et Temps Limite à la Vitesse Aérobie Maximale Chez des Coureurs de Fond

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronique Billat ◽  
Jean-Cyril Renoux ◽  
Jacques Pinoteau ◽  
Bernard Petit ◽  
Jean-Pierre Koralsztein
Keyword(s):  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Oxyhemoglobin Saturation ◽  
Arterial Partial Pressure ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Speed ◽  
Exercise Induced

A recent paper (Billat et al., 1994a) has shown the reproducibility but also the great variability between subelite long-distance runners in their time to exhaustion at the velocity which elicits [Formula: see text], called the maximal aerobic speed (MAS). The present study delved further into the reasons for this large difference between runners having the same [Formula: see text]. The question addressed was whether the exercise-induced hypoxemia (EIH) was more important for athletes having the longest time to exhaustion at 90 (Tlim 90), 100 (Tlim 100), or 105% (Tlim 105) of MAS. The study was conducted on 16 elite male runners. EIH was observed, that is, arteriel oxyhemoglobin saturation and arterial partial pressure of oxygen dropped significantly after all the Tlim tests. However, EIH was only correlated with Tlim 90 (r = −0.757; −0.531, respectively). Key words: exercise, running

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