The aluminium-[18F]fluoride revolution: simple radiochemistry with a big impact for radiolabelled biomolecules

AbstractThe aluminium-[18F]fluoride ([18F]AlF) radiolabelling method combines the favourable decay characteristics of fluorine-18 with the convenience and familiarity of metal-based radiochemistry and has been used to parallel gallium-68 radiopharmaceutical developments. As such, the [18F]AlF method is popular and widely implemented in the development of radiopharmaceuticals for the clinic. In this review, we capture the current status of [18F]AlF-based technology and reflect upon its impact on nuclear medicine, as well as offering our perspective on what the future holds for this unique radiolabelling method.

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Radiation exposure of patients undergoing nuclear medicine procedures in Germany between 1996 and 2000

Nuklearmedizin ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1625201 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 44 (05) ◽

pp. 119-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

P. Schnell-Inderst ◽

D. Noßke ◽

M. Weiss ◽

A. Stamm-Meyer ◽

G. Brix ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Medicine ◽

Cardiovascular System ◽

Effective Dose ◽

Current Status ◽

Annual Number ◽

Statistical Parameters ◽

Public Health Information ◽

Nuclear Medicine Procedures ◽

And Gender ◽

Icrp Publication

Summary:The aim of this study was to estimate both the frequency and effective dose of nuclear medicine procedures performed in Germany between 1996 and 2000 for different subgroups of patients. Methods: Electronically archived data from 14 hospitals and 10 private practices were restored and statistically analyzed. The effective dose per examination was calculated according to ICRP publication 80 using the tissue weighting factors given in ICRP publication 60. Based on the data collected, statistical parameters were computed to characterize the frequency and effective dose of the various nuclear medicine procedures. Results: In total, 604,771 nuclear medicine procedures performed in 433,709 patients were analyzed. On average, 1.4 examinations were carried out per patient and year. The median effective dose was 1.7 [5.-95. percentile; mean: 0.4–8.5; 2.9] mSv per examination and 2.3 [0.5–11.2; 3.5] mSv per patient. Interestingly, the mean effective dose per examination, but not the number of examinations per year increased with the age of the patients. Most frequent were examinations of the thyroid (36.7%), the skeleton (27.1%) and the cardiovascular system (11.1%), which were associated with a median effective dose of 0.5 [0.5–1.1; 0.7] mSv, 3.4 [2.9–5.1; 3.6] mSv and 7.3 [3.2–21.0; 9.5] mSv, respectively. Over the five-year period examined, the total annual number of PET procedures (222.3%) as well as of examinations of thyroid (24.5%), skeleton (17.9%), and the cardiovascular system (14.9%) increased markedly, whereas a decrease was observed for brain (-39.3%), lung (-20.2%) and renal (-15.0%) scans. Conclusion: The age- and gender-specific data presented in this study provide detailed public health information on both the current status and recent trends in the practice of diagnostic nuclear medicine examinations.

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Nonmuscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: What's Changing and What has Changed

Urologia Journal ◽

10.5301/uro.5000213 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 84 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ramanitharan Manikandan ◽

Oscar Rodriguez ◽

Rubén Parada ◽

Joan Palou Redorta

Keyword(s):

Bladder Cancer ◽

Best Practice ◽

Disease Recurrence ◽

Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽

Current Status ◽

Optimal Care ◽

Medline Search ◽

Select Group ◽

The Future ◽

Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Purpose Nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is a challenging disease to manage primarily due to its varied clinical course. The management of NMIBC has witnessed a widespread change with respect to its diagnosis and treatment. Although transurethral resection (TUR) and adjuvant bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) stills remain the cornerstone, newer protocols has come into vogue to achieve optimal care. On the basis of a literature review, we aimed to establish ‘what changes has already occurred and what is expected in the future’ in NMIBC. Methods A Medline search was performed to identify the published literature with respect to diagnosis, treatment and future perspectives on NMIBC. Particular emphasis was directed to determinants such as the quality of TUR and the newer modifications, Re-TUR, current status of newer macroscopic and microscopic imaging, role of urinary biomarkers, clinical, histologic and molecular predictors of high-risk disease, administration of intravesical agents, salvage therapy in BCG recurrence and the current best practice guidelines were analyzed. Results and Conclusions Optimal TUR, restaging in select group, incorporation of newer endoscopic imaging and judicious administration of intravesical chemo-immunotherapeutic agents can contribute to better patient care. Although there is a plethora of urinary markers, there is insufficient evidence for their use in isolation. The future probably lies in identification of genetic markers to determine disease recurrence, nonresponders to standard treatment and early institution of alternative/targeted therapy.

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Applications of Radiolabelled Curcumin and Its Derivatives in Medicinal Chemistry

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22147410 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (14) ◽

pp. 7410

Author(s):

Matteo Mari ◽

Debora Carrozza ◽

Erika Ferrari ◽

Mattia Asti

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Medicine ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Clinical Application ◽

Medicinal Chemistry ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Present Review ◽

Chemical Modifications ◽

Technetium 99M ◽

Curcumin Derivatives ◽

Gallium 68

Curcumin is a natural occurring molecule that has aroused much interest among researchers over the years due to its pleiotropic set of biological properties. In the nuclear medicine field, radiolabelled curcumin and curcumin derivatives have been studied as potential radiotracers for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and cancer. In the present review, the synthetic pathways, labelling methods and the preclinical investigations involving these radioactive compounds are treated. The studies entailed chemical modifications for enhancing curcumin stability, as well as its functionalisation for the labelling with several radiohalogens or metal radionuclides (fluorine-18, technetium-99m, gallium-68, etc.). Although some drawbacks have yet to be addressed, and none of the radiolabelled curcuminoids have so far achieved clinical application, the studies performed hitherto provide useful insights and lay the foundation for further developments.

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Application of Probabilistic and Interactive Information in Verifying Machine System and Kernels Based on Relational Modality

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.143-144.67 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 143-144 ◽

pp. 67-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dong Ping Li ◽

Zhi Ming Qu

Keyword(s):

World Wide Web ◽

World Wide ◽

Position Paper ◽

Current Status ◽

Moore’S Law ◽

Moore's Law ◽

Machine System ◽

The World ◽

The Future

The networking approach to the World Wide Web is defined not only by the exploration of architecture, but also by the confirmed need for interrupts. Given the current status of authenticated archetypes, steganographers dubiously desire the analysis of scatter/gather I/O. the focus in this position paper is not on whether Moore's Law can be made concurrent, distributed, and pervasive, but rather on proposing an analysis of 32 bit architectures (Grange). It is concluded that, using probabilistic and interactive information and based on relational modality, the machine system and kernels are verified, which is widely used in the future.

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State-of-the-art literature review on inventory models for perishable products

Journal of Advances in Management Research ◽

10.1108/jamr-09-2017-0091 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 306-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Vaibhav Chaudhary ◽

Rakhee Kulshrestha ◽

Srikanta Routroy

Keyword(s):

Inventory Management ◽

Systemic Review ◽

Current Status ◽

Future Research ◽

Inventory Models ◽

Research Gaps ◽

Content Type ◽

Perishable Items ◽

Perishable Inventory ◽

The Future

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review and analyze the perishable inventory models along various dimensions such as its evolution, scope, demand, shelf life, replenishment policy, modeling techniques and research gaps.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 418 relevant and scholarly articles of various researchers and practitioners during 1990-2016 were reviewed. They were critically analyzed along author profile, nature of perishability, research contributions of different countries, publication along time, research methodologies adopted, etc. to draw fruitful conclusions. The future research for perishable inventory modeling was also discussed and suggested.FindingsThere are plethora of perishable inventory studies with divergent objectives and scope. Besides demand and perishable rate in perishable inventory models, other factors such as price discount, allow shortage or not, inflation, time value of money and so on were found to be combined to make it more realistic. The modeling of inventory systems with two or more perishable items is limited. The multi-echelon inventory with centralized decision and information sharing is acquiring lot of importance because of supply chain integration in the competitive market.Research limitations/implicationsOnly peer-reviewed journals and conference papers were analyzed, whereas the manuals, reports, white papers and blood-related articles were excluded. Clustering of literature revealed that future studies should focus on stochastic modeling.Practical implicationsStress had been laid to identify future research gaps that will help in developing realistic models. The present work will form a guideline to choose the appropriate methodology(s) and mathematical technique(s) in different situations with perishable inventory.Originality/valueThe current review analyzed 419 research papers available in the literature on perishable inventory modeling to summarize its current status and identify its potential future directions. Also the future research gaps were uncovered. This systemic review is strongly felt to fill the gap in the perishable inventory literature and help in formulating effective strategies to design of an effective and efficient inventory management system for perishable items.

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