scholarly journals Analyzing the relationship between water pollution and economic activity for a more effective pollution control policy in Bali Province, Indonesia

2022 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saroj Kumar Chapagain ◽  
Geetha Mohan ◽  
Andi Besse Rimba ◽  
Carolyn Payus ◽  
I. Made Sudarma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Livestock Farming

AbstractAn adequate water supply is essential for the continued and sustainable growth of the Balinese economy. In addition to mounting water demand, Bali’s water supply has been constrained by high levels of water pollution. Despite being paid great attention, Bali’s earlier efforts to control water pollution yet to prove effective, mainly owing to their reliance on traditional methods and regulations that focus on water pollution being linked to discrete sets of economic activity (e.g., processing industries, livestock farming, and hotels). However, an economy of a region/country comprises a set of sectoral activities, which are interconnected through supply chains; thus, water pollution could be well explained by examining the entire sectoral economic activities and their environmental performance. Therefore, determining the structural relationships between water pollution and economic activity serves as an important basis for more effective forms of pollution control for the Balinese economy. In this study, accordingly, we employed an environmentally extended input–output model to establish the links between water pollution and the production processes of the entire economy. Using biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) as a proxy for water quality in our analysis, we estimated that 246.9 kt of BOD were produced from Bali’s economic activity in 2007. Further, we identified the chief BOD-emitting sectors and found that intermediate demand and household demand were the major causes of BOD discharge in the economy. We also accounted for the indirect role of each sector in total BOD emissions. Moreover, we categorized the sectors into four groups based on their direct and indirect BOD emission characteristics and offered appropriate policy measures for each group. Managing demand (i.e., lowering household consumption and exports) and shifting input suppliers (i.e., from polluters to non-polluters) are effective measures to control pollution for Categories I and II, respectively; clean production and abatement is advised for Category III; and a hybrid approach (i.e., demand management and abatement technology) is recommended for Category IV.

scholarly journals Analyzing the relationship between water pollution and economic activity for a more effective pollution control policy in Bali Province, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saroj Kumar Chapagain ◽  
Geetha Mohan ◽  
Andi Besse Rimba ◽  
Carolyn Payus ◽  
I Made Sudarma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Livestock Farming

Abstract An adequate water supply is essential for the continued and sustainable growth of the Balinese economy. In addition to mounting water demand, Bali’s water supply has been compromised by high levels of water pollution. Despite being paid great attention, Bali’s earlier efforts to control water pollution yet to prove effective, mainly owing to their reliance on traditional methods and regulations that focus on water pollution being linked to discrete sets of economic activity (e.g., processing industries, livestock farming, and hotels). However, all economic sectors are interconnected through supply chains; thus, water pollution is the combined result of all sectors’ environmental performance. Therefore, determining the structural relationships between water pollution and economic activity serves as an important basis for more effective forms of pollution control for the Balinese economy. In this study, accordingly, we employed an environmentally extended input–output model to establish the links between water pollution and the production processes of the entire economy. Using biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) as a proxy for water quality in our analysis, we estimated that 246,868 tons of BOD were produced from Bali’s economic activity in 2007. Further, we identified the chief BOD-emitting sectors and found that intermediate demand and household demand were the major causes of BOD discharge in the economy. Utilizing supply chain relationships, we also accounted for the indirect role of each sector in total BOD emissions. Moreover, we categorized the sectors into four groups based on their direct and indirect BOD emission characteristics and offered appropriate policy measures for each group. Managing demand (i.e., lowering household consumption and exports) and shifting input suppliers (i.e., from polluters to non-polluters) are effective measures to control pollution for Categories I and II, respectively; clean production and abatement is advised for Category III; and a hybrid approach (i.e., demand management and abatement technology) is recommended for Category IV.

“You Alone Have the Answer”: Lake Erie and Federal Water Pollution Control Policy, 1960–1972

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-469
Author(s):  
Terence Kehoe
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Primary Responsibility ◽  
Federal Water Pollution Control ◽  
The 1960S

Prior to the 1960s, state governments retained primary responsibility for the regulation of water pollution. State officials emphasized voluntarism and close, informal cooperation between regulators and representatives from the major industrial and municipal sources of pollution. During the 1960s and early 1970s, growing dissatisfaction with state pollution control performance in Congress and at the local level acted as the driving force behind the gradual federal preemption of state authority. In the Lake Erie Basin, local advocates of tougher and more effective water pollution regulation looked to the federal government for relief and made common cause with sympathetic members of Congress.

Water pollution control measures and water quality development in the Ruhr catchment 1972-1992

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 209-216
Author(s):  
K. R. Imhoff
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Quality Development ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Potable Water Supply

Since five million people have to rely on Ruhr water as a source for potable water supply, quality and quantity aspects of the river are very important for the region. In the last 20 years, 2.1 × 109 DM have been spent for water quality control in the Ruhr basin. The most important types of plants and the progress in river water quality are described.

Trends in Water Pollution Control in the Finnish Pulp and Paper Industry

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Junna ◽  
S. Ruonala
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Chlorinated Organic Compounds ◽  
Water Pollution Control ◽  
Chlorinated Organic ◽  
Purification Methods ◽  
Near Future

The present situation of water pollution control in Finland is briefly described and some future trends are discussed. Discharge permissions settled by the authorities have recently been made to include also total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand (CODC r) in addition to the conventional water pollution control parameters (suspended solids and biological oxygen demand; BOD7). In the near future, requirements for chlorinated organic compounds (AOX) are also to be expected. In the reducing of chlorinated organic compounds, the development of cooking and bleaching processes will probably have the major role. However, also external methods can be developed and improved in this respect. In reducing nutrient loadings, developing the external purification methods will probably be the most acute way.

scholarly journals Application of WASP Model to Simulate Water Pollution Control of Duriangkang Dam

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin Wimordi ◽  
Doddi Yudianto ◽  
Yiqing Guan
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Water Sampling ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Quality Indicators ◽  
Calibration And Verification ◽  
Water Provision

Abstract Located in Batam City, Duriangkang Dam plays an important role in the area's clean water provision regarding the fact that it is the first and largest estuary dam in Indonesia. However, with its total effective volume of 107,000,000 m 3 , Duriangkang Dam is now heavily polluted due to the enormous wastewater, both domestic and industrial, that are directly discharged into the dam. Moreover, the practice of fish farming has also contributed in making it worse. From the water sampling taken from 2016 to 2018, the water condition in Duriangkang Dam is no longer classified as the 2 nd class of raw water standard in Indonesia. This study employs the WASP model to evaluate and simulate the possible solution to control the water pollution rate in Duriangkang Dam. The water quality indicators, namely dissolved Oxygen (DO), total phosphorus (TP), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) will be modeled in this study. The calibration and verification results indicate the model shows excellent fitting for DO and TP but slightly less for BOD. Under several scenarios, it is identified that the best way to control the pollution rate within the dam is by implementing scenario 8 that totally eliminates the fish farm and domestic wastewater load.

scholarly journals Ecological impact of watershed water pollution control on coastal tourist scenic spots

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Qiong Sun ◽  
Xiaofang Wang ◽  
Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Coastal Wetland ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Water Pollution Control ◽  
Natural Reserve

Abstract In recent years, the rapid development of coastal areas has polluted the watershed water, affecting the ecological environment of wetland scenic spots. This paper briefly introduced the constructed wetland, a means of watershed water pollution control, and briefly explained its mechanism of water pollution control. Then, an example of Yancheng Coastal Wetland Natural Reserve in Jiangsu Province was analyzed to analyze water quality ecological changes in the basin before and after the construction of constructed wetland. The results showed that the basin of the natural reserve changed from acidic to alkaline, and ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand decreased significantly and maintained at a relatively low level after the constructed wetland controlled the water pollution in the basin; subsurface constructed wetland had a better effect on reducing ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus; surface constructed wetland had a better effect on reducing chemical oxygen demand. In conclusion, constructed wetlands as a means of water pollution control in the watershed can effectively improve the water quality ecology of coastal wetland natural reserves.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document