DNA Barcoding of Scavenging Amphipod Communities at Active and Inactive Hydrothermal Vents in the Indian Ocean

Hydrothermal vent areas have drawn increasing interest since they were discovered in 1977. Because of chemoautotrophic bacteria, they possess high abundances of vent endemic species as well as many non-vent species around the fields. During the survey conducted by the Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, BGR) to identify inactive polymetallic sulfide deposits along Central and Southeast Indian Ridges, the INDEX project studied the scavenging amphipod community at three newly discovered hydrothermal fields. A sample consisting of 463 representatives of Amphipoda (Malacostraca: Crustacea) was collected by means of baited traps in active and inactive vents of three different sites and subsequently studied by both morphological and genetic methods. Molecular methods included the analysis of two mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [COI] and 16S rRNA) and one nuclear (18S rRNA) genes. By six delimitation methods, 22 molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) belonging to 12 genera and 10 families were defined. The existence of potential species complexes was noted for the representatives of the genus Paralicella. The inactive site, where 19 species were found, showed higher species richness than did the active one, where only 10 taxa were recorded. Seven genera, Ambasiopsis, Cleonardo, Eurythenes, Parandania, Pseudonesimus, Tectovalopsis, and Valettiopsis, were observed only at inactive sites, whereas Haptocallisoma, was collected exclusively at active ones. The species Abyssorchomene distinctus (Birstein and Vinogradov, 1960), Hirondellea brevicaudata Chevreux, 1910, and Hirondellea guyoti Barnard and Ingram, 1990, have been previously reported from vent sites in the Atlantic or Pacific oceans. The present study provides the first report of Eurythenes magellanicus (H. Milne Edwards, 1848) and five other already described species in the Indian Ocean. The addition of 356 sequences strongly increases the number of amphipod barcodes in reference databases and provides for the first time COI barcodes for Cleonardo neuvillei Chevreux, 1908, Haptocallisoma abyssi (Oldevig, 1959), Hirondellea guyoti, Tectovalopsis fusilus Barnard and Ingram, 1990, and the genera Haptocallisoma, Pseudonesimus, and Valettiopsis.

The Pransky interview: Dr Raffaello D’Andrea, Founder, CEO, and Chairman of the board at Verity; Entrepreneur; Professor; Scientist and Artist

Purpose The following article is a “Q&A interview” conducted by Joanne Pransky of Industrial Robot Journal as a method to impart the combined technological, business and personal experience of a prominent, robotic industry PhD and inventor regarding his pioneering efforts and the commercialization of bringing a technological invention to market. This paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The interviewee is Dr Raffaello D’Andrea, a highly successful entrepreneur and proven business leader and one of the world’s foremost leaders in robotics and machine learning. D’Andrea is Founder, CEO and Chairman of the Board at Verity, the world’s leading autonomous indoor drone company, as well as a Professor of Dynamic Systems and Control at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich. D’Andrea is also one of the co-founders and advisors of Robo-Global, an index and research company focused on investments in robotics, automation and artificial intelligence. In this interview, D’Andrea shares some of his business and personal experiences of working in industry and academia and his criteria for turning his ideas into successful working systems. Findings Raffaello D’Andrea’s entire career is built on his ability to bridge theory and practice. D’Andrea combined his love for science with his need to create and received a BS degree in engineering science at the University of Toronto, where he was awarded the Wilson Medal as the top graduating student in 1991. He obtained both his MS and PhD degrees in electrical engineering at Caltech, and then he joined the Cornell faculty as an assistant professor. While on leave from Cornell, from 2003 to 2007, he co-founded the disruptive warehouse automation company Kiva Systems, where he led the systems architecture, robot design, robot navigation and coordination, and control algorithms efforts. In 2014, D’Andrea took robotics technology into the air and founded Verity, the world’s first company to deliver a fully integrated autonomous, indoor drone-based system solution. Originality/value Raffaello D’Andrea combines academia, business and the arts to reinvent autonomous systems. D’Andrea was a founding member of the Systems Engineering Program at Cornell, where he established robot soccer as the flagship, multidisciplinary team project. In addition to pioneering the use of semi-definite programming for the design of distributed control systems, he went on to lead the Cornell Robot Soccer Team to win four world international RoboCup championships. Kiva Systems, co-founded by D’Andrea and acquired by Amazon in 2012, helped the re-branded Amazon Robotics to disrupt the entire warehousing and logistics systems industry. Additionally, D’Andrea is an internationally-exhibited new media artist, best known for the Robotic Chair (Ars Electronica, ARCO, London Art Fair, National Gallery of Canada) and Flight Assembled Architecture (FRAC Centre). With his team at Verity, he created the drone design and choreography for Cirque Du Soleil’s Paramour on Broadway, Metallica’s WorldWired Tour and Céline Dion’s Courage Tour. Other D’Andrea creations include the Flying Machine Arena, where flying robots perform aerial acrobatics, juggle balls, balance poles and cooperate to build structures; the Distributed Flight Array, a flying platform consisting of multiple autonomous single propeller vehicles that are able to drive, dock with their peers and fly in a coordinated fashion; the Balancing Cube, a dynamic sculpture that can balance on any of its edges or corners and its little brother Cubli, a small cube that can jump up, balance and walk; Blind Juggling Machines that can juggle balls without seeing them, and without catching them. D’Andrea is also collaborating with scientists, engineers, and wingsuit pilots to create an actively controlled suit that will allow humans to take off and land at will, to gain altitude, even to perch, while preserving the intimacy of wingsuit flight. D’Andrea has received the IEEE Robotics and Automation Award, the Engelberger Robotics Award, the IEEE/IFR Invention and Entrepreneurship Award in Robotics and Automation and the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers. In 2020, he was inducted in the National Inventors Hall of Fame and elected to the National Academy of Engineering.

Mieczysław Wolfke - a pioneer of holography

Receiving the Nobel Prize in 1971 for the invention and development of the holographic method, Dennis Gabor mentioned Mieczysław Wolfke as the person who proposed this method as early as 1920 (which he did not know, independently making the same discovery). This article describes the history of Wolfke's pioneering work and tries to recreate the thought process that led to it - starting with the task of supplementing and verifying the diffraction grating theory proposed by Ernst Abbe, which he carried out as part of his doctorate at the University of Wrocław and habilitation at the University of Zurich and the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich.. Full Text: PDF ReferencesW. Łaniecki, Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki, 21, 545-553 (1976). DirectLink W. Keesom, "Solidification of Helium", Nature 118, 81 (1926). CrossRef W. Keesom, M. Wolfke, "Two liquid states of helium", Konink. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam, Proc, 31(190b), 90-94 (1928).W. Keesom, Helium (Elsevier, Amsterdam 1942).E. Abbe, Die Lehre von der Bildentstehung im Mikroskop (F. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1910). CrossRef R. Torge, Postępy Fizyki, 53, 201-210 (2002). CrossRef A.Kiejna, Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki, 48, 7 (2003). DirectLink M. Wolfke, "Über die Abbildung eines Gitters bei künstlicher Begrenzung", Ann Phys. 339, 277 (1911). CrossRef M. Wolfke, Prace matematyczno-fizyczne, 22, 135 (1911). DirectLink M. Wolfke, "Über die Abbildung eines Gitters bei asymmetrischer Abblendung", Ann Phys. 342, 96 (1912). CrossRef M. Wolfke, "Über die Abbildung eines durchlässigen Gitters", Ann Phys. 342, 797 (1912). CrossRef M. Wolfke, "Zur Abbildung eines durchlässigen Gitters", Ann Phys. 343, 385 (1912). CrossRef K. Petelczyc, E. Kędzierska, Mieczysław Wolfke. Gdyby mi dali choć pół miliona… (OWPW, Warszawa 2018). DirectLink L.A. Aslanov, G.V. Fetisov, J.A.K. Howard, "Crystallographic Instrumentation", Oxford (1998). CrossRef M. Wolfke, Wiadomości matematyczne 17, 1 (1913). DirectLink M. Wolfke, "Allgemeine Abbildungstheorie selbstleuchtender und nicht selbstleuchtender Objekte", Ann Phys. 344, 569 (1912). CrossRef M. Wolfke, "Über die Abbildung eines Gitters außerhalb der Einstellebene", Ann Phys. 345, 194 (1913). CrossRef M. Wolfke, Verhandlungen der DPG, 15, 1123 (1913).M. Wolfke, Verhandlungen der DPG, 15, 1215 (1913).M. Wolfke, Verhandlungen der DPG, 16, 4 (1914).M. Wolfke, "Fragen zur Pathologie des menschlichen Oedems", Physikalische Zeitschrift, 22, 375 (1921). CrossRef Akta osobowe - Wolfke Mieczysław, Archiwum Akt Nowych sygn. 2/14/0/6/6638, WarszawaM. Wolfke, Physikalische Zeitschrift, 21, 495 (1920). DirectLink S. Lundqvist, Nobel Lectures, Physics 1971-1980 (World Scientific Publishing Co. Singapore 1992) CrossRef

A história do fogo na formação dos professores de Química

A literatura descreve uma crise no ensino de ciências evidenciada pelos altos índices de analfabetismo científico. Uma das razões apontadas é o fato de alunos e professores apresentarem noções distorcidas do que é ciência. Visando combater tais deficiências, neste trabalho testamos uma metodologia que utiliza a história da ciência para ensinar sobre aspectos da natureza da ciência (NdC). Elaboramos um estudo de caso a partir da obra Ensaio sobre o fogo, publicada em 1790 pelo filósofo suíço Marc-Auguste Pictet, e aplicamos essa atividade em duas turmas de licenciatura em química do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP). A metodologia empregada, chamada História Interrompida, constrói-se com base numa narrativa linear com questões que interrompem a história e fomentam a participação dos alunos em debates sobre aspectos da NdC ligados ao caso. As aulas foram gravadas em vídeo e as falas dos alunos analisadas segundo referencial de Análise de Conteúdo, tomando aspectos previstos da NdC como categorias a priori. Todas as categorias previstas registraram ocorrências e, além destas, identificamos outras que surgiram de maneira espontânea nas falas dos alunos. Esses resultados reforçam a potencialidade de discussões explícitas sobre NdC na formação de professores.The history of fire in the training of chemistry teachersAbstractSpecialized literature describes a crisis in science education evidenced by high rates of scientific illiteracy. The problem would in part derive from students and teachers with naive perceptions of science. In this work we present the testing of a didactic strategy that uses history of science to approach features of nature of science (NoS) in classroom. We started by elaborating a case study based on the 1790 book An Essay on fire, by the Swiss philosopher Marc-Auguste Pictet. Then we applied the methodology in two pre-service chemistry teacher education classes at São Paulo Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFSP). Such methodology is known as Interrupted Story. It comprises a linear narrative which is interrupted at some points by questions that try to encourage students to participate in debates on NoS topics related to the case. We videotaped the classes and took some foreseen aspects of NoS as a priori categories to proceed the analysis of the students' speeches according to a Content Analysis framework. All the predicted categories registered occurrences. Furthermore, we identified other categories that arose spontaneously in the students' debates. Such results reinforce the potential of explicit discussions about NoS in teachers’ education.Keywords: History of chemistry; Nature of science; Interrupted story; Fire; Pictet.

TAMANHO DE GRÃOS DO CAFEEIRO CONILON IRRIGADO E NÃO IRRIGADO DURANTE QUATRO SAFRAS

TAMANHO DE GRÃOS DO CAFEEIRO CONILON IRRIGADO E NÃO IRRIGADO DURANTE QUATRO SAFRAS1 LUCAS ROSA PEREIRA2; EDVALDO FIALHO DOS REIS2; MATHEUS GASPAR SCHWAN 2; WILIAN RODRIGUES RIBEIRO2, MARIA CHRISTINA JUNGER DELÔGO DARDENGO3 E SAMUEL FERREIRA DA SILVA4 1 Trabalho extraído da Tese de Doutorado do primeiro autor 2 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Alto Universitário S/N, Bairro Guararema, CEP: 29.500.000, Alegre, ES, Brasil, [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]. 3 Setor de Cafeicultura, Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo - Campus Alegre – IFES, Rodovia ES-482, km 47 Distrito de Rive, CEP: 29.500.000, Alegre, ES, Brasil, [email protected]. 4 Departamento de Agronomia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Alto Universitário S/N, Bairro Guararema, CEP: 29.500.000, Alegre, ES, Brasil, [email protected]. 1 RESUMO A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com o objetivo de verificar o tamanho dos grãos do cafeeiro conilon irrigado e não irrigado, durante quatro safras, por meio da classificação física por peneiras. O experimento foi instalado em novembro de 2013 no Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, Campus Alegre, em esquema de parcela subdividida 3 x 4, sendo nas parcelas o fator manejo de irrigação em três níveis (irrigado com reposição de 100% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc), irrigado com 50% da ETc e sem irrigação) e nas subparcelas o fator safra em quatro níveis (2013, 2014, 2015 e 2016), em um delineamento em blocos casualizados, com três repetições. Foi avaliado o percentual de grãos retidos em peneira 13 e superiores, grãos moca e grãos retidos no fundo do conjunto de peneiras. A irrigação influenciou positivamente no tamanho dos grãos. Plantas irrigadas com 100% da ETc obtiveram 72,5% de grãos retidos em peneiras 13 e superiores, já plantas sem irrigação obtiveram 33,1%. Nas safras de 2013 e 2014, foi observado maiores valores de grãos retidos em peneiras 13 e superiores e menores valores de fundo, 76,1% e 7,5%, respectivamente. Palavras-chave: Coffea canephora, cafeicultura sustentável, déficit hídrico, manejo de irrigação. PEREIRA, L. R.; REIS, E. F.; SCHWAN, M. G.; RIBEIRO, W. R.; DARDENGO, M. C. J. D.; SILVA, S. F. SIZE OF CONILON COFFEE BEANS IRRIGATED AND NON-IRRIGATED DURING FOUR HARVESTS 2 ABSTRACT The research was conducted with the objective of verifying the grain size of irrigated and non-irrigated conilon coffee during four harvests, through the physical classification by sieves. The experiment was installed in the year of 2013 in the Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo (Federal Institute of Espírito Santo), in a subdivided-plots scheme 3 x 4, being the plots the factor irrigation management in three levels (irrigated with replacement of 100% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc), irrigated with 50% of the ETc, and non-irrigated), and in the subplots, the harvest factor in 4 levels (2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016), in a randomized block design, with three replications. The percentage of grains retained in sieve 13 and above, mocha grains, and grains retained at the fund of the sieve set were evaluated. Irrigation had a positive influence on grain size. Plants irrigated with 100% of the ETc obtained 72.5% of grains retained in sieves 13 and higher, while plants without irrigation obtained 33.1%. In the 2013 and 2014 harvests, higher values ​​of grains retained in sieves 13 and higher and lower bottom values, 76.1% and 7.5%, respectively, were observed. Keywords: Coffea canephora, sustainable coffee growing, water deficit, irrigation management.

Assessment of real-time bioaerosol particle counters using reference chamber experiments

This study presents the first reference calibrations of three commercially available bioaerosol detectors. The Droplet Measurement Technologies WIBS-NEO (new version of the wideband integrated bioaerosol spectrometer), Plair Rapid-E, and Swisens Poleno were compared with a primary standard for particle number concentrations at the Federal Institute for Metrology (METAS). Polystyrene (PSL) spheres were used to assess absolute particle counts for diameters from 0.5 to 10 µm. For the three devices, counting efficiency was found to be strongly dependent on particle size. The results confirm the expected detection range for which the instruments were designed. While the WIBS-NEO achieves its highest efficiency with smaller particles, e.g. 90 % for 0.9 µm diameter, the Plair Rapid-E performs best for larger particles, with an efficiency of 58 % for particles with a diameter of 10 µm. The Swisens Poleno is also designed for larger particles but operates well from 2 µm. However, the exact counting efficiency of the Poleno could not be evaluated as the cut-off diameter range of the integrated concentrator unit was not completely covered. In further experiments, three different types of fluorescent particles were tested to investigate the fluorescent detection capabilities of the Plair Rapid-E and the Swisens Poleno. Both instruments showed good agreement with the reference data. While the challenge to produce known concentrations of larger particles above 10 µm or even fresh pollen particles remains, the approach presented in this paper provides a potential standardised validation method that can be used to assess counting efficiency and fluorescence measurements of automatic bioaerosol monitoring devices.

THE LIGHT-DOSIMETER – A NEW DEVICE TO HELP ADVANCE RESEARCH ON THE NON-VISUAL RESPONSES TO LIGHT

Research on the non-visual responses to light under real-world conditions has been hindered by the lack of suitable measuring devices. Here, we present a novel, portable and miniaturised light-dosimeter attached to a spectacle frame, taking measurements in the near-corneal plane. The recorded data is processed with the help of the custom-made software package Lido Studio. In addition to commonly used metrics such as illuminance and correlated colour temperature (CCT), it also provides metrics standardised in CIE S 026:2018. Data can be analysed directly in Lido Studio or exported as a PDF report or a comma-separated values (CSV) file for further in-depth time-series analyses. The Federal Institute of Metrology (METAS) optics laboratory (Bern-Wabern, Switzerland) assessed the light-dosimeter’s spectral and geometric properties. Subsequentially, the team at the Centre for Chronobiology (Basel, Switzerland) confirmed that measurements performed with a light-dosimeter were comparable to those from a commercial spectroradiometer.

Formative assessment in the classroom: the dialogue between teachers and students

This article aims to discuss Formative Assessment as a relevant tool for the enhancement of teaching-learning from the perspective of a teacher and 10 (ten) students of a fourth year class of the Integrated Modality of the Federal Institute of Bahia campus Vitória da Conquest. Based on authors such as Perrenoud (1999), Luckesi (2005) and Guerra (2017) we conducted a qualitative exploratory research, with data production based on objective questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. We could perceive through the analysis of the data produced that Formative Assessment enhances teaching-learning and promotes the improvement of teaching practice, generating a collaborative learning environment, through the interaction between teachers and students, even improving the relationship between all involved in the educational process.

KiESEL - The Children’s Nutrition Survey to Record Food Consumption for the Youngest in Germany

BackgroundWith KiESEL, the Children’s Nutrition Survey to Record Food Consumption, the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) collected representative food consumption data for children aged six months up to five years. KiESEL was one of five modules of KiGGS Wave2 (German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents) conducted by the Robert Koch-Institute (RKI). The objective was to update the consumption data for children in Germany and to fill a data gap for the age group of five-year-old children. The study provides an up-to-date and comprehensive database that will be used for exposure assessment, as part of risk assessment of Germany’s youngest consumers. MethodsIn the years 2014 to 2017, more than 1000 children from all over Germany participated in KiESEL. During home visits, survey staff conducted a questionnaire-based interview including a food propensity questionnaire (FPQ) on seldom eaten foods and questions concerning consumption outside home, dietary habits and diet during first year. The interviewer measured the children’s height and weight. Families and childcare workers filled out a food record, covering three consecutive days and one independent day. Data are based on the FPQ and present consumption frequencies. Depending on the question, socioeconomic status (SES) and migration background were considered.Results 1104 participants had an interview and filled out the questionnaire on usual food intake, seldom eaten foods and consumption away from home. They were included in sample1. 1008 of these participants additionally reported food consumption of at least three days (sample2). 91.2 % of the children follow no special diet and 0.8 % are vegetarians. 7 % of the older children consuming soya-drink. For some foods differences in consumption across SES or migration status were noted. Children from families with higher SES consume more often soya-based substitute milk as families with lower SES (p<0.00005).ConclusionsKiESEL gathered up-to-date consumption data for more than 1000 children living in Germany, aged six month up to including five years. The data will be used for risk assessments of the BfR and provided to national and international partners.

Ensino remoto emergencial no IFMG

A pandemia de COVID-19 mudou a configuração de diversos processos, desde os mais simples até os mais complexos, em suas diversas formas, em vários setores. A reestruturação da organização escolar, principalmente na execução de seus currículos por um modelo adequado à realidade local, é um desafio para todas as instituições de ensino. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de identificar os modelos utilizados no Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE) adotados nos diversos campi do Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais (IFMG) para os cursos técnicos integrados ao ensino médio. Como instrumento para coleta de dados, utilizou-se questionário online direcionado ao Diretor de Ensino do campus. Ao final, a análise das respostas apresentou uma abordagem mista (qualitativa e quantitativa). Observou-se que o modelo ERE predominante no IFMG foi a oferta simultânea de todas as disciplinas, com a disponibilização dos seus conteúdos divididos em blocos. Conclui-se que a variedade dos modelos de ERE adotados pelos campi evidencia o compromisso em buscar o modelo que melhor atendesse a comunidade escolar, dentro dos limites e das possibilidades da equipe e dos estudantes, mantendo o compromisso em zelar pela qualidade do ensino. Palavras-chave: Instituto Federal. Ensino Técnico Integrado. Ensino Remoto Emergencial. Emergency remote teaching at IFMG: challenges for school management Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic changed the configuration of many processes, from the simplest to the most complex, in their various forms in various sectors. The restructuring of the school organization, mainly in the execution of its curriculum according to a model adequate to the local reality, is a challenge for all educational institutions. This work aims to identify the models used in Emergency Remote Teaching adopted in the various campuses of the Federal Institute of Minas Gerais (IFMG) for technical courses integrated with high school. An online questionnaire directed to the Campus Education Director was used as an instrument for data collection. In the end, the analysis of the responses presented a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative). It was observed that the predominant ERE model at the IFMG was the simultaneous offer of all subjects, with the availability of their contents divided into blocks. It is concluded that the variety of ERE models adopted by the campuses shows the commitment to seek the model that best served the school community, within the limits and possibilities of staff and students, maintaining the commitment to ensuring the quality of education. Keywords: Federal Institute. Integrated Technical Education. Emergency Remote Teaching.