scholarly journals From HHMI: Doubling Down on Diversity

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. fe6 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Asai ◽  
Cynthia Bauerle
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Underrepresented Minorities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Postsecondary Science ◽  
National Effort ◽  
Minorities In Stem

In spite of modest gains in the past four decades, the United States has not been able to substantially improve on the pervasive underrepresentation of minorities in postsecondary science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) pathways. We suggest a way to guide a national effort to double the persistence of underrepresented minorities in STEM in the next decade.

scholarly journals Greater female first author citation advantages do not associate with reduced or reducing gender disparities in academia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1283-1297
Author(s):  
Mike Thelwall ◽  
Pardeep Sud
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
The United States ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Small Fields ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Author Citation ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Weak Tendency

Ongoing problems attracting women into many Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) subjects have many potential explanations. This article investigates whether the possible undercitation of women associates with lower proportions of, or increases in, women in a subject. It uses six million articles published in 1996–2012 across up to 331 fields in six mainly English-speaking countries: Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States. The proportion of female first- and last-authored articles in each year was calculated and 4,968 regressions were run to detect first-author gender advantages in field normalized article citations. The proportion of female first authors in each field correlated highly between countries and the female first-author citation advantages derived from the regressions correlated moderately to strongly between countries, so both are relatively field specific. There was a weak tendency in the United States and New Zealand for female citation advantages to be stronger in fields with fewer women, after excluding small fields, but there was no other association evidence. There was no evidence of female citation advantages or disadvantages to be a cause or effect of changes in the proportions of women in a field for any country. Inappropriate uses of career-level citations are a likelier source of gender inequities.

Women and STEM

2014 ◽  
pp. 703-713
Author(s):  
Marianne Robin Russo ◽  
Kristin Brittain
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Technology Education ◽  
21St Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Communications Technology ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Great Odds

While battling great odds in terms of discrimination and bias, women within the United States have made valuable contributions to the workforce. Now that the second decade of the 21st century is upon us, women have come into all facets of the workforce, finding a niche in Internet Communications Technology (ICT) as well as within Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), which should allow women more of an opportunity to pursue occupations. However, it seems that women are lagging in this part of the workforce within the constructs of science, technology, education, and mathematics also known as STEM. This glass ceiling, or gender barrier, may make matters worse in terms of reporting these kinds of women's issues because these reports are often written by men. In addition, the ideas and perceptions of masculinity and femininity have been scrutinized and analyzed in this chapter, and it is not difficult to realize the differences in gender based on biological functions.

scholarly journals Computer science skills across China, India, Russia, and the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (14) ◽  
pp. 6732-6736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Loyalka ◽  
Ou Lydia Liu ◽  
Guirong Li ◽  
Igor Chirikov ◽  
Elena Kardanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Students ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Elite Institutions ◽  
And Mathematics

We assess and compare computer science skills among final-year computer science undergraduates (seniors) in four major economic and political powers that produce approximately half of the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics graduates in the world. We find that seniors in the United States substantially outperform seniors in China, India, and Russia by 0.76–0.88 SDs and score comparably with seniors in elite institutions in these countries. Seniors in elite institutions in the United States further outperform seniors in elite institutions in China, India, and Russia by ∼0.85 SDs. The skills advantage of the United States is not because it has a large proportion of high-scoring international students. Finally, males score consistently but only moderately higher (0.16–0.41 SDs) than females within all four countries.

Reflections on Broadening Participation in STEM: What Do We Know? What Do We Need to Know? Where Do We Go From Here?

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 719-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl B. Leggon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Broadening Participation ◽  
Stem Workforce ◽  
And Mathematics

Over 50 years ago, concerns about the adequacy of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) talent in the United States were the catalyst to develop programs to ensure that the STEM workforce would be adequate to meet scientific challenges. To date, there have been considerable investments in these programs. To determine where we go from here requires appraising where we stand and reviewing how far we have come. This article presents reflections from my experiences conducting both research and evaluations on broadening participation in STEM in the United States.

scholarly journals From protest to progress through partnership with students: Being human in STEM (HSTEM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-56
Author(s):  
Sarah Bunnell ◽  
Megan Lyster ◽  
Kristen Greenland ◽  
Gabrielle Mayer ◽  
Kristen Gardner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
College Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Student Protests ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Faculty And Staff ◽  
And Mathematics

In Fall 2015, Amherst College students held a four-day sit-in in unity with student protests occurring all over the United States highlighting barriers to inclusion of underrepresented and marginalized students.Following appeals for action, students partnered with faculty and staff in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) to develop the Being Human in STEM (HSTEM) Initiative. HSTEM involves exploring past diversity and inclusion efforts in STEM, sharing one’s own experiences in STEM with others, and developing student-driven projects to improve belonging in STEM. In this student, faculty, and staff co-authored paper, we describe the origin of HSTEM; share student, faculty and staff reflections on our experiences with HSTEM; and present two inquiry projects examining HSTEM impact. We discuss lessons learned and recommendations for diversity and inclusion efforts in higher education, both in and beyond STEM, emphasizing the power of an initiative that was originated by and remains driven by student partners.

scholarly journals Estimating the Number of Chinese STEM Students in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Feldgoise ◽  
Remco Zwetsloot
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Stem Students ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Degree Level

In recent years, concern has grown about the risks of Chinese nationals studying science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) subjects at U.S. universities. This data brief estimates the number of Chinese students in the United States in detail, according to their fields of study and degree level. Among its findings: Chinese nationals comprise 16 percent of all graduate STEM students and 2 percent of undergraduate STEM students, lower proportions than were previously suggested in U.S. government reports.

International Research and Variation in Views of Ethnicity

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Ella Inglebret ◽  
Amy Skinder-Meredith ◽  
Shana Bailey ◽  
Carla Jones ◽  
Ashley France
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Classification System ◽  
International Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
The Past ◽  
International Scale ◽  
Publication Patterns

The authors in this article first identify the extent to which research articles published in three American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) journals included participants, age birth to 18 years, from international backgrounds (i.e., residence outside of the United States), and go on to describe associated publication patterns over the past 12 years. These patterns then provide a context for examining variation in the conceptualization of ethnicity on an international scale. Further, the authors examine terminology and categories used by 11 countries where research participants resided. Each country uses a unique classification system. Thus, it can be expected that descriptions of the ethnic characteristics of international participants involved in research published in ASHA journal articles will widely vary.

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