The concentration, dry deposition, composition study of ambient air particulate and metallic pollutants at a traffic sampling site

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guor-Cheng Fang ◽  
Yuh-Shen Wu ◽  
Chia-Chium Chu ◽  
Shih-Han Huang ◽  
Jui-Yeh Rau
Keyword(s):  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Deposition Velocity ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Deposition Fluxes ◽  
Air Particulate ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Central Taiwan

Aerosol samples were collected by total suspended particulate (TSP) and dry deposition plate (downward, upward) from August to November in 2003 in central Taiwan. The particulate metallic elements (Fe, Pb, Zn, Cu, Mg and Mn) were also measured in this study during the summer and autumn periods of 2003. The results obtained in this study indicated that the ambient air particulate mass concentrations in the daytime period (averaged 975.4 mg/m3) were higher than the night-time period (averaged 542.1 mg/m3). And the downward dry deposition fluxes (averaged 58.12 mg/m2-sec) were about 2.2 times that of upward dry deposition fluxes (averaged 26.37 mg/m2-sec) in the daytime period. Furthermore, the average downward dry deposition fluxes (averaged 26.54 mg/m2-sec) were also about 2.3 times that of upward dry deposition fluxes (averaged 11.52 mg/m2-sec) in the nighttime period. Moreover, the average downward dry deposition fluxes are greater than the upward dry deposition fluxes for all the heavy metals in either daytime or night-time period. In addition, the deposition velocity for mass, metallic elements (Fe, Pb, Zn, Cu, Mg and Mn) during daytime and night-time period were also calculated. In addition, the average TSP composition (mg/g) in the daytime period of the metallic elements (Fe, Pb, Zn, Cu, Mg and Mn) is 1.73, 0.26, 1.16, 0.28, 0.43 and 0.12 mg/g, respectively. And the average TSP composition in the night-time period of the metallic elements (Fe, Pb, Zn, Cu, Mg and Mn) is 3.02, 0.33, 1.57, 0.41, 0.58 and 0.13 mg/g, respectively at traffic sampling site of central Taiwan.

Dry deposition (downward, upward) concentration study of particulates and water-soluble ionic species during daytime, night-time period at the traffic sampling site of Sha-Lu, Taiwan

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 405-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuh-Shen Wu ◽  
Guor-Cheng Fang ◽  
Jui-Yeh Rau ◽  
Shih-Han Huang
Keyword(s):  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Suspended Particulate ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Deposition Fluxes ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Central Taiwan

Ambient suspended particulate (dry deposition, TSP) was collected in the traffic sites Sha-Lu, central Taiwan. In addition, the related water-soluble ionic species (Cl1/4, NO31/4, SO421/4, Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+and Ca2+) were analysed and wind speed, wind direction and temperature were also measured in this study. The downward dry deposition fluxes (averaged 54.07 mg/m2-sec) were about twice that of upward dry deposition fluxes (averaged 26.48 mg/m2-sec) in the daytime period. Furthermore, the average downward dry deposition fluxes (averaged 26.22 mg/m2-sec) were also about twice that of upward dry deposition fluxes (averaged 12.11 mg/m2-sec) in the night-time period. The results showed that the total suspended particulate concentrations of particulate mass in the daytime period (averaged 996.2 mg/m3) were higher than in the night-time period (averaged 560.7 mg/m3). The results showed that the total suspended particulate concentrations of particulate mass in the daytime period (averaged 996.2 mg/m3) were higher than in night-time period (averaged 560.7 mg/m3). As for water-soluble ionic species, the average dry deposition order and velocity for downward ionic species were Cl1/4 Í-Ca2+Í-NO31/4 Í-K+(2.09 cm/sec Í-1.46 cm/sec Í-1.46 cm/sec Í-1.07 cm/sec) anions during the daytime period. And the average dry deposition order and velocity for downward ionic species were NO31/4 Í / Cl1/4 Í / K+Í / Ca2+(2.92 cm/sec Í / 2.74 cm/sec Í / 0.96 cm/sec Í / 0.93 cm/sec) anions during the night-time period. The average dry deposition order and velocity for upward ionic species were Cl1/4 Í / Ca2+Í / K+Í / Mg2+(4.69 cm/sec Í / 0.62 cm/sec Í / 0.59 cm/sec Í / 0.55 cm/sec) anions during the daytime period. And the average dry deposition order and velocity for upward ionic species were Cl1/4 Í-Ca2+Í-Mg2+Í-K+(1.65 cm/sec Í-0.43 cm/sec Í / 0.37 cm/sec Í / 0.33 cm/sec) anions during the night-time period. The results also indicated that the sodium and chloride concentrations in total suspended particulate were highly positively related, indicating that the sea-salt aerosols were the major contributors for these species at this sampling site of central Taiwan.

scholarly journals Apply Woods Model in the Predictions of Ambient Air Particles and Metallic Elements (Mn, Fe, Zn, Cr, and Cu) at Industrial, Suburban/Coastal, and Residential Sampling Sites

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guor-Cheng Fang ◽  
Ci-Song Huang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Deposition Flux ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
Suspended Particulates ◽  
Total Suspended Particulates ◽  
Central Taiwan

The main purpose for this study was to monitor ambient air particles and metallic elements (Mn, Fe, Zn, Cr, and Cu) in total suspended particulates (TSPs) concentration, dry deposition at three characteristic sampling sites of central Taiwan. Additionally, the calculated/measured dry deposition flux ratios of ambient air particles and metallic elements were calculated with Woods models at these three characteristic sampling sites during years of 2009-2010. As for ambient air particles, the results indicated that the Woods model generated the most accurate dry deposition prediction results when particle size was 18 μm in this study. The results also indicated that the Woods model exhibited better dry deposition prediction performance when the particle size was greater than 10 μm for the ambient air metallic elements in this study. Finally, as for Quan-xing sampling site, the main sources were many industrial factories under process around these regions and were severely polluted areas. In addition, the highest average dry deposition for Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu species occurred at Bei-shi sampling site, and the main sources were the nearby science park, fossil fuel combustion, and Taichung thermal power plant (TTPP). Additionally, as for He-mei sampling site, the main sources were subjected to traffic mobile emissions.

scholarly journals Measurement of Ambient Air Arsenic (As) Pollutant Concentration and Dry Deposition Fluxes in Central Taiwan

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guor-Cheng Fang ◽  
Chia-Ching Lin ◽  
Jun-Han Huang ◽  
Yi-Liang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Pollutant Concentration ◽  
Deposition Fluxes ◽  
Central Taiwan

Bioaerosols study in central Taiwan during summer season

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Chin Wang ◽  
Guor-Cheng Fang ◽  
LienYao Lee
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Bacterial Concentration ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Microbial Products ◽  
Central Taiwan ◽  
Total Average

Suspended particles, of which bioaerosols are one type, constitute one of the main reasons to cause severe air quality in Taiwan. Bioaerosols include allergens such as fungi, bacteria, actinomycetes, arthropods and protozoa, as well as microbial products such as mycotoxins, endotoxins and glucans. When allergens and microbial products are suspended in the air, local air quality will be influenced severely. In addition, when the particle size is small enough to pass through the respiratory tract entering the human body, the health of the local population is also threatened. Therefore, the purpose of this study attempted to understand the concentration and types of bacteria during summer period at four sampling sites in Taichung city, central Taiwan. The results indicated that total average bacterial concentration by using R2A medium incubated for 48 h were 7.3 × 102 and 1.2 × 103 cfu/m3 for Chung-Ming elementary sampling site during daytime and night-time period of summer season. In addition, total average bacterial concentration by using R2A medium incubated for 48 h were 2.2 × 103 and 2.5 × 103 cfu/m3 for Taichung refuse incineration plant sampling site during daytime and night-time period of summer season. As for Rice Field sampling site during daytime and night-time period of summer season, the results also reflected that the total average bacterial concentration by using R2A medium incubated for 48 h were 3.4 × 103 and 3.5 × 103 cfu/m3. Finally, total average bacterial concentration by using R2A medium incubated for 48 h were 1.6 × 103 and 1.9 × 103 cfu/m3 for Central Taiwan Science Park sampling site during daytime and night-time period of summer season. Moreover, the average bacterial concentration increased as the incubated time in a growth medium increased for particle sizes of 0.65—1.1, 1.1—2.1, 2.1—3.3, 3.3—4.7 and 4.7—7.0 μm. The total average bacterial concentration has no significant difference for day and night sampling period at any sampling site for the expression of bacterial concentration in term of order. The high average bacterial concentration was found in the particle size of 0.53—0.71 mm (average bioaerosol size was in the range of 2.1—4.7 μm) for each sampling site. Besides, there were exceeded 20 kinds of bacteria for each sampling site and the bacterial shape were rod, coccus and filamentous. Toxicology and Industrial Health 2007; 23: 133—139.

Ambient air particulate dry deposition, concentrations and metallic elements at Taichung Harbor near Taiwan Strait

2006 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuh-Shen Wu ◽  
Guor-Cheng Fang ◽  
Jhy-Cherng Chen ◽  
Chung-Po Lin ◽  
Shih-Han Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Taiwan Strait ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
Air Particulate

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of mercury deposition fluxes in Wanshan Hg mining area, Guizhou, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 5739-5769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. H. Dai ◽  
X. B. Feng ◽  
X. W. Fu ◽  
P. Li
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Atmospheric Mercury ◽  
Mercury Deposition ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Deposition Fluxes ◽  
Hg Mining

Abstract. A long-term mining history introduced a series of environmental problems in Wanshan Hg mining area, Guizhou, China. The spatial distribution of gaseous elemental Hg (Hg0) concentrations in ambient air were investigated using RA-915+ Zeeman Mercury Analyzer during day time and night time in May 2010, which showed that calcines and mine wastes piles located at Dashuixi and on-going artisanal Hg mining activities at Supeng were major sources of atmospheric mercury in Wanshan Hg mining area. Meanwhile, both precipitation and throughfall samples were collected weekly at Shenchong, Dashuixi, and Supeng from May 2010 to May 2011, respectively. Our data showed that the concentrations of different Hg species varied with a large range, and the annual volume-weighted mean total mercury (THg) concentrations in precipitation and throughfall samples were 502.6 ng L−1 and 977.8 ng L−1 at Shenchong, 814.1 ng L−1and 3392.1 ng L−1 at Dashuixi, 7490.1 ng L−1 and 9641.5 ng L−1 at Supeng, respectively. Besides, THg concentrations in all throughfall samples were 1–7 folds higher than those in precipitation samples. The annual wet Hg deposition fluxes were 29.1, 68.8 and 593.1 μg m−2 yr−1 at Shenchong, Dashuixi and Supeng, respectively, while the annual dry Hg deposition fluxes were estimated to be 378.9, 2613.6 and 6178 μg m−2 yr−1 at these sites, respectively. Dry deposition played a dominant role in total atmospheric Hg deposition in Wanshan Hg mining area since the dry deposition fluxes were 10.4–37.9 times higher than the wet deposition fluxes during the whole sample period. Our data showed that air deposition was still an important pathway of Hg contamination to the local environment in Wanshan Hg mining area.

Concentrations of nano and related ambient air pollutants at a traffic sampling site

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 259-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guor-Cheng Fang ◽  
Yuh-Shen Wu ◽  
Chih-Chung Wen ◽  
Chi-Kwong Lin ◽  
Shih-Han Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
Bimodal Size Distribution ◽  
Ambient Air Pollutants ◽  
Central Taiwan ◽  
Nano Size

A micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor (MOUDI) and a nano-MOUDI were used to measure the atmospheric coarse (PM2.5- 10), fine (PM2.5), ultrafine (PM0.056 - 1) and nano (< 0.056 μm) particle concentrations and size distributions at a traffic sampling site in winter in central Taiwan, from November 2004 to January 2005. Concentrations of metallic elements (Fe, Mg, Cr, Zn, Pb, Cu) and major ion (SO2-4; NO-3; NH+4) in particles of various sizes (nano, ultrafine, fine and coarse) were measured. Ambient air particulates generally exhibited a bimodal size distribution in the range 0.056-10 mm. The results show that the concentrations followed the order, Fe-Mg-Cr-Zn-Pb-Cu in PM10, fine, ultrafine and nano-sized particles. Moreover, the data showed that the average metallic elements Fe and Zn have similar concentration distributions: the concentration decreased as the particle size fell in the nano size range.

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