Mitochondrial haplogroups in Basque multiple sclerosis patients

Previous studies have suggested that mitochondrial metabolism and/or mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) could be, in conjunction with other genetic or environmental factors, a risk factor for the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). One of these studies establishes that mitochondrial haplogroup JT is a risk factor for developing the disease, in particular the visual manifestations [optic neuritis (ON)]. Nevertheless, as distribution of these haplogroups varies between populations, the observed association may be due to a slanted sample with no physiopathological value. This hypothesis was checked with MS patients, originals from Basque country (this population has peculiar genetic characteristics) and from other Spanish regions. We concluded that such an association does not exist. By contrast, a decrease could be seen in the frequency of the JT haplogroup in the ON group and in the MS-Basque group. That trend could be a protective effect, which needs to be verified in further investigations.

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Effect of tobacco use on disease activity and DMT discontinuation in multiple sclerosis patients treated with dimethyl fumarate or fingolimod

Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental Translational and Clinical ◽

10.1177/2055217320959815 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 205521732095981

Author(s):

Carrie M Hersh ◽

Haleigh Harris ◽

Malissa Ayers ◽

Devon Conway

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Dimethyl Fumarate ◽

Tobacco Exposure ◽

Disease Modifying Therapy ◽

Patient Reported ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Background Tobacco exposure is a modifiable risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). Studies evaluating the relationship between tobacco, disease activity, and disease modifying therapy (DMT) persistence yielded conflicting results. We sought to address this issue with data from clinical practice. Objective To compare 24-month disease outcomes in tobacco versus non-tobacco users treated with dimethyl fumarate (DMF) or fingolimod (FTY) in clinical practice. Methods We retrospectively identified 659 MS patients treated with DMF or FTY, stratified by patient-reported tobacco use. DMT discontinuation and measures of disease activity at 24 months were assessed using propensity score (PS) weighting. Outcome estimates were calculated as tobacco vs non-tobacco use. Results 164 tobacco users (DMF n = 101; FTY n = 63) and 495 non-tobacco users (DMF n = 294; FTY n = 201) were identified. Tobacco (39.4%) and non-tobacco (34.4%) users were equally likely to discontinue DMT (OR = 1.17, 95% CI 0.79, 1.75), but tobacco users discontinued therapy earlier (HR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.06, 2.43). There were no differences in ARR (rate ratio = 1.39, 95% CI 0.97, 1.96). However, tobacco users had decreased odds of NEDA-2 (OR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.44, 0.83). Conclusion Our findings suggest that tobacco is a negative risk factor for inflammatory disease activity and earlier DMF and FTY discontinuation.

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Psychiatric disorders in multiple sclerosis patients

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2009000400017 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 67 (3a) ◽

pp. 664-667 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mirella Martins Fazzito ◽

Sérgio Semeraro Jordy ◽

Charles Peter Tilbery

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Psychiatric Disorder ◽

Optic Neuritis ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Demyelinating Disease ◽

Common Symptom ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽

Variable Clinical Presentation

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease showing variable clinical presentation. Optic neuritis is the most common symptom, followed by motor and sensitive manifestations. It is known that this disease may be related to several psychiatric disorders, especially depression. In this study we will discribe 5 cases of MS patients harboring psychiatric disorder related or unchained by the disease itself.

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Treatment of corticosteroid refractory optic neuritis in multiple sclerosis patients with intravenous immunoglobulin

European Journal of Neurology ◽

10.1111/j.1468-1331.2008.02258.x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. 1163-1167 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

A. Tselis ◽

J. Perumal ◽

C. Caon ◽

S. Hreha ◽

W. Ching ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Optic Neuritis ◽

Intravenous Immunoglobulin ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients

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Analysis of macular and nerve fibre layer thickness in multiple sclerosis patients according to severity level and optic neuritis episodes

Neurología (English Edition) ◽

10.1016/j.nrleng.2014.09.001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

pp. 379-388

Author(s):

A. Soler García ◽

F. Padilla Parrado ◽

L.C. Figueroa-Ortiz ◽

A. González Gómez ◽

A. García-Ben ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Optic Neuritis ◽

Layer Thickness ◽

Nerve Fibre ◽

Severity Level ◽

Fibre Layer ◽

Nerve Fibre Layer ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients

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Longitudinal JCV serology in multiple sclerosis patients preceding natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458514567728 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (12) ◽

pp. 1600-1603 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Anke Vennegoor ◽

Johannis A van Rossum ◽

Chris H Polman ◽

Mike P Wattjes ◽

Joep Killestein

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy ◽

High Serum ◽

Saturation Level ◽

Antibody Index ◽

John Cunningham Virus ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients

The presence of anti-John Cunningham Virus (JCV) antibodies is a risk factor for the development of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in MS patients treated with natalizumab. It has been suggested that an increase in serum anti-JCV antibody index precedes the development of PML. We here describe extensive longitudinal serum anti-JCV antibody indexes of four MS patients who developed PML. Anti-JCV antibodies were measured using the STRATIFY JCV™DxSelect™ test. All four patients had rather stable high anti-JCV antibody indexes in all samples obtained before developing PML. Possibly caused by reaching the saturation level of the assay, no increase in anti-JCV antibody indexes was seen just before the diagnosis of PML. This study confirms that high serum anti-JCV antibody indexes precede natalizumab-associated PML.

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Reduced visual evoked responses in multiple sclerosis patients with optic neuritis: Comparison of functional magnetic resonance imaging and visual evoked potentials

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/135245859900500304 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 161-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

P J Gareau ◽

J S Gati ◽

R S Menon ◽

D Lee ◽

G Rice ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Optic Neuritis ◽

Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽

Stimulation Of ◽

Visual Evoked

The limited application of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for investigations of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients has already shown that deficits of the motor, cognitive and visual systems may be identified by differences in the patterns of activation in response to a suitable stimulus. In MS patients with unilateral optic neuritis, the area of activation in the primary visual cortex, measured by fMRI techniques, is dramatically reduced in response to stimulation of the affected eye. The latency of the major positive component of the visual evoked potential (VEP) recorded upon stimulation of the affected eye is significantly increased in these patients, as compared to the unaffected eye and normal volunteers. We have found a correlation between the neural response measured using fMRI and the latency of the VEP. fMRI signal responses have the potential to provide more detailed topographic information relating to functional deficits in MS.

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Correlation of optic neuritis and retinal nerve fibre thickness using optical coherence tomography in a cohort of multiple sclerosis patients

African Vision and Eye Health ◽

10.4102/aveh.v75i1.325 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Izanne Roos ◽

Rajeshree Budhoo ◽

Linda Visser ◽

Ahmed I. Bhigjee

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Optic Neuritis ◽

Nerve Fibre ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Macular Volume ◽

Rnfl Thickness ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a fast, non-invasive imaging technology that produces 3D, high-resolution images of the retina. Direct visualisation of the retina allows a unique opportunity to study the effects of multiple sclerosis (MS)-associated neurodegeneration on retinal ganglion cells as well as effects of retrobulbar demyelination on axonal and retinal architecture through measurement of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness and total macular volume (TMV). These findings are clinically important as axonal loss is irreversible and correlates with disability.Aim: To determine the role and usefulness of OCT in a local cohort of MS patients.Setting: Neurology Clinic, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Methods: Nineteen patients with MS currently being treated with interferon β-1b underwent OCT examination of both eyes. RNFL thickness and macular volume were measured and correlated with clinical disease characteristics, history of optic neuritis and level of disability.Results: Mean RNFL thickness was 77.3 μm with no significant difference in mean RNFL in eyes with a history of optic neuritis (ON) and those without (p = 0.4). Eyes with a history of ON did, however, have significantly thinner RNFL compared with the contralateral eye (p = 0.04). Despite a strong correlation between TMV and RNFL (p = 0.001), a subset of patients with normal RNFL had TMV that was less than 1% of what was expected. There was no correlation between RNFL and disability scores.Conclusion: OCT enables a direct axonal ‘optical biopsy’, for monitoring disease progression and treatment response in MS. RNFL thinning occurs independently of a history of optic neuritis and may represent a chronic optic neuropathy in patients with MS.Keywords: Multiple sclerosis; optical coherence tomography

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