Urinary Excretion of some Purine Bases in Normal and Schizophrenic Subjects

1964 ◽  
Vol 110 (467) ◽  
pp. 582-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Booth ◽  
E. B. O. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Purine Bases

Kishimoto (1958) reported quantitative and qualitative peculiarities in the absorption spectra of body fluids in schizophrenia, and considered that there were abnormalities in the oxidation of adenine through hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid.

Purines in the Urine of Normal and Schizophrenic Subjects

1960 ◽  
Vol 106 (445) ◽  
pp. 1250-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda M. Bollard ◽  
R. H. Culpan ◽  
N. Marks ◽  
H. McIlwain ◽  
Michael Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Purine Metabolism ◽  
The Body

Although there have been many attempts to discover in the body fluids, chemical peculiarities characteristic of schizophrenic illness, the outcome of most of these investigations has been inconclusive (see for example Altschule, 1953; Kety, 1959). Little attention has been paid, however, to purine metabolism until the recent studies of Kishimoto (1958) who reported peculiarities in the absorption spectra of body fluids in schizophrenia which he attributed to abnormalities in the conversion of adenine through hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid. These findings appeared to be supported by evidence which included the determination of urinary xanthine by a xanthine oxidase method based on that of Williams (1950).

Plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of purine bases (uric acid, hypoxanthine, and xanthine) and oxypurinol after rigorous exercise

Metabolism ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuharu Kaya ◽  
Yuji Moriwaki ◽  
Tuneyoshi Ka ◽  
Taku Inokuchi ◽  
Asako Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Purine Bases

Urinary excretion of allantoin and allantoin precursors by sheep after different rates of purine infusion into the duodenum

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Balcells ◽  
J. A. Guada ◽  
C. Castrillo ◽  
J. Gasa
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Purine Derivatives ◽  
Urinary Recovery ◽  
Purine Derivative ◽  
Purine Bases ◽  
Proximal Duodenum ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Energy Maintenance

SUMMARYTwo experiments were carried out to determine endogenous losses and the response of urinary purine derivatives to increased duodenal inputs of purine bases. Four ewes each fitted with a re-entrant cannula at the proximal duodenum, and conventionally fed, were subjected to full replacement of duodenal digesta followed by the administration of a solution either free of purines (Expt 1) or enriched with increasing amounts of purines, to supply 0·48–21·27 mmol/animal per day (Expt 2). Basal daily urinary excretions of allantoin, uric acid, hypoxanthine and xanthine were 11·5 ± 0·94, 9·9 ± 0·67, 6·9 ± 0·46 and 1·2 ±0·16 mg/kg W0·75. Allantoin was the only purine derivative which increased in response to incremental inputs of duodenal purines. The relationship between allantoin excretion and infused purines showed a urinary recovery of 0·8 for purines infused at > 220 μmol/kg W0·76. Lower rates of infusion did not alter allantoin excretion. The results show urinary allantoin to be a useful index to estimate duodenal input of purines when animals are fed close to or above their energy maintenance requirements.

Effects of Allopurinol on Beer-induced Increases in Plasma Concentrations and Urinary Excretion of Purine Bases (Uric Acid, Hypoxanthine, and Xanthine)

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ka ◽  
Y. Moriwaki ◽  
T. Inokuchi ◽  
A. Yamamoto ◽  
S. Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Purine Bases

Effect of Losartan and Furosemide on the Urinary Excretion of Oxypurinol and Uric Acid

2006 ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Yamamoto ◽  
Yuji Moriwaki ◽  
Sumio Takahashi ◽  
Zenta Tsutsumi ◽  
Toshikazu Hada
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Urinary Excretion

Nitrogen Excretion in Ascidiacea II. Storage Excretion and the Uricolytic Enzyme System

1965 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
IVAN GOODBODY
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Purine Metabolism ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Purine Base ◽  
Purine Bases ◽  
Ascidiella Aspersa

1. The evidence for the occurrence of storage excretion in ascidians is reviewed. Most species probably store uric acid or purine bases in some form. 2. The renal concretions of Ascidia nigra and Phallusia mammillata contain 50-60% uric acid, the remainder of the concretion is unidentified but is non-nitrogenous and is not calcium carbonate. In Ascidiella aspersa the concretion is predominantly composed of calcium carbonate and there is no significant quantity of uric acid or purine base. 3. Uric acid is also identified in Molgula manhattensis, Polycarpa obtecta, Pyura vittata and Herdmania momus. 4. Storage excretion probably results from a deficiency in the uricolytic enzyme system. It is concluded that while protein metabolism is ammonotelic, purine metabolism is uricotelic or xanthotelic.

Tests of Urinary Excretion of Uric Acid

1979 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 925 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN M. SELTZER
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Urinary Excretion

Basal urinary excretion of purine derivatives in sheep

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 109-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Balcells ◽  
J.A. Guada ◽  
C. Castrillo ◽  
J.I. Bonafonte
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Purine Derivatives ◽  
Exogenous Supply

In ruminants duodenal purines,mainly derived from microbial nucleic acids, are catabolised and excreted in the urine as xanthine, hypoxanthine, uric acid and allantoin. The use of purine derivatives as an index of net microbial syntesis in the rumen requires a better understanding of the contribution of endogenus losses to total urinary excretion.Similar levels of basal excretion of purine derivatives has been determined in ruminants maintained by intragastric nutrition (Giesecke et al. 1984, Fujihara et al. 1987) and preruminants fed on liquid diets (Linberg, 1989). However, lower excretion of allantoin and uric acid were recorded when exogenous supply was reduced by fasting (Rys et al. 1975).

Non-Urate Chromogens in Body Fluids

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 720-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendell T Caraway
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Phosphotungstic Acid ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Plasma Ascorbic Acid ◽  
A Value ◽  
Fresh Plasma ◽  
Average Serum

Abstract Compounds which interfere in the analytic determination of uric acid are referred to as "non-urate chromogens." Ascorbic acid, when added to serum, causes a significant increase in apparent uric acid levels as determined by a carbonate-phosphotungstate method. The ratio of apparent urate to ascorbic acid is 1:3, a value in close agreement with that obtained for the ratio of labile non-urate chromogens to ascorbic acid in fresh plasma. Ascorbic acid, as well as most of the non-urate chromogens, can be eliminated by mild alkaline treatment prior to adding phosphotungstic acid. These results indicate that the major non-urate chromogen in the average serum is ascorbic acid. The nature of other non-urate chromogens in body fluids is reviewed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document