Depression: A Breakdown of Perceptual Defence?

1984 ◽  
Vol 145 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Powell ◽  
David R. Hemsley
Keyword(s):  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Recognition Threshold ◽  
Experimental Task ◽  
Tachistoscopic Recognition ◽  
Normal Controls

SummaryThe effect of depressed mood on the tachistoscopic recognition of neutral/unpleasant words was investigated in a group of 18 depressed inpatients and in 17 normal controls. A 50% recognition threshold for 30 neutral words was calculated for each subject, in order to exclude the effects of depressive slowness on the experimental task. Each subject was tachistoscopically presented with a series of experimental words (30 neutral/30 unpleasant) at his 50% level, and the ratio of neutral to unpleasant words recognised calculated. Depressed subjects tended to recognise a higher ratio of unpleasant to neutral words.

Contextual Constraint and the Recall of Verbal Material in Schizophrenia: The Effect of Thought Disorder

1980 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan A. Maher ◽  
Theo C. Manschreck ◽  
Mary E. Rucklos
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Material ◽  
Thought Disorder ◽  
Experimental Task ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
Contextual Constraint ◽  
Language Perception ◽  
Research Criteria ◽  
Normal Controls

SummarySome research indicates that thought-disordered schizophrenics produce language utterances that are less predictable than those of non-thought-disordered schizophrenics and controls. We examined the hypothesis that thought-disordered schizophrenics would have a parallel deficiency in the ability to use the predictabilities provided by contextual constraint to improve recall of heard language passages. Subjects were seventeen schizophrenics, ten normal controls, and twelve psychiatric controls, evaluated by standardized psychiatric interview and diagnosed according to research criteria. The data obtained supported the hypothesis and non-thought-disordered schizophrenics performed similarly to controls in the experimental task.Failure to classify schizophrenic subjects on the dimension of thought disorder may result in misleading comparisons of general samples of schizophrenics with controls on tasks requiring language perception and production.

Frequency-Threshold Relation with Association Value Controlled

1969 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Keith Rodewald
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Recognition Threshold ◽  
Inverse Relation ◽  
Perceptual Factor ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Frequency Threshold ◽  
Tachistoscopic Recognition ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Print Size

An experiment was performed in which the tachistoscopic recognition threshold for nonsense syllables was the dependent variable. Glaze association value (AV), print size (between- Ss effects), and frequency of prior exposure of the syllables (within- Ss effect) were the independent variables. Analysis of variance indicated significance ( p = .05) for size and frequency main effects. Thresholds decreased with increasing size and frequency. The AV main effect and the interactions were not significant, although the trend suggested an inverse relation between AV and thresholds. The findings as an extension of earlier work and as evidence for a perceptual factor in the frequency-threshold relation were discussed.

Effect of Short-Term Sensory Restriction on Tachistoscopic Recognition Threshold: A Follow-up Study

1969 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brosziewski ◽  
T. Gutkin ◽  
S. L. Milstein ◽  
John P. Zubek
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Recognition Threshold ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Significant Lowering ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Presentation Procedure ◽  
Tachistoscopic Recognition ◽  
Perceptual Deprivation

A follow-up study, employing a modified stimulus presentation procedure, provided further evidence in support of an earlier finding indicating that a 5-min. period of either sensory or perceptual deprivation does not produce a significant lowering of the tachistoscopic recognition threshold for digits.

scholarly journals The effect of short-term sensory restriction on the tachistoscopic recognition threshold

1968 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 193-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Milstein ◽  
D. Oleson ◽  
John P. Zubek
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Threshold ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tachistoscopic Recognition

Vowel Recognition Threshold as a Function of Temporal Segmentations

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Powell ◽  
Oscar Tosi
Keyword(s):  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Recognition Threshold ◽  
Vowel Sound ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vowel Recognition ◽  
Temporal Segment

Vowels were segmented into 15 different temporal segments taken from the middle of the vowel and ranging from 4 to 60 msecs, then presented to 6 subjects with normal hearing. The mean temporal-segment recognition threshold of 15 msecs with a range from 9.3 msecs for the /u/ to 27.2 milliseconds for the /a/. Misidenti-fication of vowels was most often confused with the vowel sound adjacent to it on the vowel-hump diagram. There was no significant difference between the cardinal and noncardinal vowels.

The self and schizophrenia: a cognitive approach

2003 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Nieznanski
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Self Schema ◽  
Persons With Schizophrenia ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Trait Words ◽  
Patients Experience ◽  
Normal Controls

The aim of the study was to explore the basic features of self-schema in persons with schizophrenia. Thirty two schizophrenic patients and 32 normal controls were asked to select personality trait words from a check-list that described themselves, themselves as they were five years ago, and what most people are like. Compared with the control group, participants from the experimental group chose significantly more adjectives that were common to descriptions of self and others, and significantly less that were common to self and past-self descriptions. These results suggest that schizophrenic patients experience their personality as changing over time much more than do healthy subjects. Moreover, their self-representation seems to be less differentiated from others-representation and less clearly defined than in normal subjects.

Rumination Is Associated With Angry and Depressed Mood and Sleep Quality

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Thomsen ◽  
M. Y. Mehlsen ◽  
S. Christensen ◽  
R. Zachariae
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Depressed Mood

Response Styles and the Duration of Depressed Mood

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nolen-Hoeksema ◽  
J. Morrow ◽  
B. L. Frederickson
Keyword(s):  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Response Styles
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