inverse relation
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2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 168781402210743
Author(s):  
Sajid Rehman ◽  
Taza Gul ◽  
Waris Khan ◽  
Aamir Khan ◽  
Zeeshan

Investigations are performed for further observations of heat and mass transfer in magneto-hydrodynamic mixed-convectional nano-fluid flow with the assumption of variable viscosity and thermal-conductivity over an unsteady stretching sheet. Base fluid is Carboxy-methyl cellulose (CMC) water as a carrier fluid with different nano-particles such as [Formula: see text] (Titanium), Ag (Silver), [Formula: see text] (Aluminum), and Cu (Copper). Flow contains different physical parameters, such as heat source, chemical reaction effect, Schmidt number, and radiation absorptions effects are observed to be significant in the presences of magnetic field. Obtained equations are solved by numerically BVP4C-package (shooting method) and analytically by BVPh2.0-package (Homotopy Analysis Method “HAM”). Interested physical quantities are, viscosity-parameter ( A), Thermal-conductivity parameter ( N),Thermocapillary-number ( M), Hartmann-number (Ma), Prandtl-number (Pr), 4-nano-particles ([Formula: see text]), temperature Grashof number ([Formula: see text]), and mass Grashof number ([Formula: see text]) are the focus to the velocity, temperature, and solute concentration profiles. It is concluded that, Solute concentration of ([Formula: see text])-water has higher than the other 3-nano-fluids. Mass flux, heat flux, and Skin friction of fluids are direct functions of magnetic force, while inverse function of temperature. Magnetic force also decreased the speed of fluids and hence mass flux reduced which implies that, the temperature reduces. [Formula: see text] has also inverse relation with mass flux, heat flux, and skin friction, while direct relation with the speed of fluids. Similarly, [Formula: see text] has inverse relation with [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text], but direct relation with [Formula: see text]. Different results are shown in graphical and tabular form.


Author(s):  
Elide Anna Pastorello ◽  
Alessandro Toscano ◽  
Giuseppe Scibilia ◽  
Chrysi Stafylaraki ◽  
Carlo Maria Rossi ◽  
...  

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Wheat is the most important cereal for human nutrition but its high consumption is associated to an increasing complaint of wheat-related disorders, many of which are allergic in nature and different in respect to the involved allergens. In this study, we compared the clinical aspects of wheat allergy presented by patients sensitized to Tri a 19 in respect to those presented by patients sensitized to Tri a 14. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> With this aim, we selected patients sensitized to 1 or both of the 2 allergens, and among these we identified those who were really wheat allergic and reactive on the basis of a standardized methodology. We evaluated the clinical features such as the kind and severity of symptoms, the coexistence of triggering factors such as physical exercise and NSAIDs and alcohol consumption, and the association with other allergens and with various immunologic parameters. Wheat allergy in Tri a 19 sensitized patients was confirmed through a questionnaire while the patients sensitized to Tri a 14 underwent wheat challenge with 100 g of pasta followed by exercise on a treadmill. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Seventy-nine patients sensitized to Tri a 14 and 40 patients sensitized to Tri a 19 were recruited. The 2 sensitizations were independent with a significant inverse relation (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.00001). The Tri a 19 sensitized patients presented, in respect to the Tri a 14 sensitized ones, an older age (<i>p</i> = 0.0017), a higher risk to be wheat allergic (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001), a higher severity of the reactions (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.00001) and a higher association with some cofactors, namely alcohol (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0005) and physical exercise (<i>p</i> = 0.003). On the contrary, Tri a 14 sensitization was associated with atopy (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001), with a higher probability of patients being asymptomatic (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001) and being sensitized to other foods, in particular to nuts and cereals (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.00001). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Sensitization to Tri a 19 or Tri a 14 determines different clinical pictures. In particular, sensitization to Tri a 19 implies a higher probability of severe reactions, even dependent on daily triggers, while that to Tri a 14 implies a higher cross-reactivity with other foods but it’s more frequently asymptomatic, making a food challenge necessary to prevent useless food avoidance.


2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-163
Author(s):  
Ádám Németh

Abstract This article argues that the geographically dispersed distribution of the minorities in the Baltic republics (apart from the Poles in Lithuania and the Russians in Northeast Estonia) constitutes an objective obstacle to provision of territorially based minority rights. However, the potential alternatives to the territorial principle are also rarely adopted. The cultural autonomy model in Estonia and Latvia failed to be implemented in practice, while threshold rules (in respect of topographical bilingualism, for example) are in force only in Estonia, and there with the highest threshold in Europe (50%). The paper aims to explain the reluctance to adopt these solutions by reviewing the main factors that affect language policy implementation in general. It also considers the background to the debate over which languages need protection: the minority languages within the Baltic States or the titular languages themselves (Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian), which at the global level are small and vulnerable. In general, the strictness of language policies is in inverse relation to the size of the minorities, with Lithuania being the most liberal and Latvia the most restrictive.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Alexandre Aidov ◽  
Olesya Lobanova

Prior studies that examine the relation between market depth and bid–ask spread are often limited to the first level of the limit order book. However, the full limit order book provides important information beyond the first level about the depth and spread, which affects the trading decisions of market participants. This paper examines the intraday behavior of depth and spread in the five-deep limit order book and the relation between depth and spread in a futures market setting. A dummy-variables regression framework is employed and is estimated using the generalized method of moments (GMM). Results indicate an inverse U-shaped pattern for depth and an increasing pattern for spread. After controlling for known explanatory factors, an inverse relation between the limit order book depth and spread is documented. The inverse relation holds for depth and spread at individual levels in the limit order book as well. Results indicate that market participants actively manage both the price (spread) and quantity (depth) dimensions of liquidity along the five-deep limit order book.


Author(s):  
Ibrahim Yagub Ismail Osman, Aisha Mousa Mohammed Yousaf, Abe Ibrahim Yagub Ismail Osman, Aisha Mousa Mohammed Yousaf, Abe

The study aimed to identify the peer review and the extent of its use in the audit offices, and then to know its impact on reducing risks in the audit, the study used the descriptive analytical method to collect and analyze the study data based on primary sources such as the questionnaire where the study was applied in the audit offices in Khartoum, the study reached Results: Most of the accounting and auditing offices operating in Khartoum state are interested in implementing peer review,There is a positive and statistically significant relationship between risks and the inverse relation between the review of the report and the discovery risks. The study concluded with recommendations including the need to pay attention to the accounting and audit offices operating in Khartoum State to apply peer review to include all offices in Sudan due to their importance in improving the quality of audit.


Author(s):  
Zulkifli Abdul Ghaffar ◽  
Salmiah Kasolang ◽  
Ahmad Hussein Abdul Hamid

A widely distributed spray is an important feature for an atomizer which is required in various applications such as gas cooling, gas turbine combustion, and fluidized bed granulator. Pressure-swirl atomizer is an example of atomizer which provides a wide spray angle through the swirling effect inside the atomizer. One of the important parameters affecting spray angle is atomizer geometrical constant, K. Another important parameter of pressure-swirl atomizer is discharge coefficient, Cd. Discharge coefficient describes the throughput of the liquid flow. An experimental test-rig was constructed to conduct the performance test of the atomizer. Acquired images were analysed using image-processing software. It was found that K has inverse relation with spray angle and direct relation with Cd. Prediction of spray angle and Cd using existing correlations also yields similar trends with the experimental results, but some parameters still need to be considered to perform an accurate prediction.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Dil Jan ◽  
Muhammad Sibt e Ali ◽  
Muhammad Taqi ◽  
Sabiha Parveen

Purpose:  The reason of this study is to recognize the impact of key determinants of overseas direct asset in case of Pakistan, based on annual information covering the period of 1981-2018. Design/Methodology/Approach: After checking for still of the sequence, the technique of ARDL is used for estimation of long run parameters estimates and error alteration instrument for short run dynamics. Findings: The results of the study indicate that politically stable environment and long term policies are necessary to attract foreign investors. furthermore, investment profile of any government also matter for direct asset in the country as the study conclusions reveal that marketplace size as well as domestic investment are positively related to foreign direct investment while taxes have negative association with overseas straight investment in the case of Pakistan. Implications/Originality/Value: The most important factor for FDI inflow to Pakistan is interest rate or ease of doing business which has negative sign means inverse relation exists between the two variables.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-162
Author(s):  
Rengaraj Ramasamy ◽  
Krishnendu Mukhopadhyay

Equations of ‘ventilation index’ in industrial and medical sectors are already established, but not yet been worked out for domestic household environments. This study intended to establish an empirical formula for ‘ventilation index’ for domestic indoor environments. Measurements of 2.5 micron size particulate matter (PM2.5) with biomass, air velocity, room index, temperature and relative humidity were used for developing the empirical formula. A total of 54 households from rural Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka states of India were selected. Average air velocity ranges in selected kitchens were categorised into three parts for developing ventilation indices in household kitchen environments. Observations in kitchen environments were found to be very interesting and promising. The formula captured inverse relation between PM2.5 and air velocities, consistently.


2021 ◽  
pp. 148-174
Author(s):  
Kevin Ohi

Beginning with Wallace Stevens’s reimagining of the Promethean origins of man (depicted in The Metamorphoses) in “The Rock,” the chapter argues that this poem’s imagining of origin makes manifest ways his thinking about embodiment and temporality has shifted since the early poems—since, for example, “Peter Quince at the Clavier,” “Sunday Morning,” and “The Idea of Order at Key West.” These early poems can be read to assert the body’s power to transcend itself, paradoxically by dwelling on its desiring and ephemeral nature; they assert the body’s power to transcend human finitude by coupling it with the capacity for sensuous evocation in poetic language. Detailed readings of these poems spell out the complications of this assertion. By “The Rock,” Stevens’s figures have taken on an arid abstraction: Their concrete immediacy often seems in inverse relation to their possible visualization, and the claim of a poetic power of transcendence is difficult to distinguish from the radical destitution of meaning voided in a pure material presence. The earlier poems’ concern with embodiment has been transposed to a more primal drama of inception: the coming into being of the poem and the poetic voice, prior to persons, forms, or meanings.


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