Randomized Controlled Trial of Resistance or Aerobic Exercise in Men Receiving Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roanne J. Segal ◽  
Robert D. Reid ◽  
Kerry S. Courneya ◽  
Ronald J. Sigal ◽  
Glen P. Kenny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Purpose Radiotherapy for prostate cancer (PCa) may cause unfavorable changes in fatigue, quality of life (QOL), and physical fitness. We report results from the Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy and Exercise Versus Normal Treatment study examining the effects of 24 weeks of resistance or aerobic training versus usual care on fatigue, QOL, physical fitness, body composition, prostate-specific antigen, testosterone, hemoglobin, and lipid levels in men with PCa receiving radiotherapy. Patients and Methods Between 2003 and 2006, we conducted a randomized controlled trial in Ottawa, Canada, where 121 PCa patients initiating radiotherapy with or without androgen deprivation therapy were randomly assigned to usual care (n = 41), resistance (n = 40), or aerobic exercise (n = 40) for 24 weeks. Our primary end point was fatigue assessed by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Fatigue scale. Results The follow-up assessment rate for our primary end point of fatigue was 92.6%. Median adherence to prescribed exercise was 85.5%. Mixed-model repeated measures analyses indicated both resistance (P =.010) and aerobic exercise (P = .004) mitigated fatigue over the short term. Resistance exercise also produced longer-term improvements (P = .002). Compared with usual care, resistance training improved QOL (P = .015), aerobic fitness (P = .041), upper- (P < .001) and lower-body (P < .001) strength, and triglycerides (P = .036), while preventing an increase in body fat (P = .049). Aerobic training also improved fitness (P = .052). One serious adverse event occurred in the group that performed aerobic exercise. Conclusion In the short term, both resistance and aerobic exercise mitigated fatigue in men with PCa receiving radiotherapy. Resistance exercise generated longer-term improvements and additional benefits for QOL, strength, triglycerides, and body fat.

A phase II randomized controlled trial of exercise on biochemical progression in men with prostate cancer on active surveillance.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5080-5080
Author(s):  
Dong-Woo Kang ◽  
Adrian S. Fairey ◽  
Normand G. Boulé ◽  
Catherine J. Field ◽  
Stephanie A. Wharton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Active Surveillance ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Biochemical Progression

5080 Background: Men with prostate cancer (PCa) undergoing active surveillance (AS) are at increased risks of cardiovascular death and disease progression. Any intervention that can address these issues during AS would be highly beneficial. Clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated the benefits of exercise to improve cardiovascular health in cancer patients and suggested the potential role of exercise in suppressing PCa progression in men with PCa undergoing AS. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness and biochemical progress of PCa in men with PCa on AS. Methods: The Exercise During Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer (ERASE) Trial was a single-centre, two-armed, randomized controlled trial in Edmonton, Canada. 52 men with localized PCa who were undergoing AS were randomized to high-intensity interval training (HIIT; n = 26) or usual care (UC; n = 26). The HIIT group performed thrice-weekly, supervised, aerobic HIIT on a treadmill at 85-95% of peak cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak) for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was VO2peak, and the secondary and exploratory outcomes included biochemical progression of PCa (prostate-specific antigen [PSA]), PSA kinetics, and growth of prostate cancer cell line LNCaP. Results: 46/52 participants (88%) completed the postintervention VO2peak assessment and adherence to HIIT was 96%. Compared to UC, HIIT significantly improved VO2peak (adjusted between-group mean difference, 1.6 ml·kg-1·min-1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3 to 2.9; p= 0.014). HIIT also significantly reduced PSA level (adjusted between-group mean difference, -1.1 ug/L; 95% CI, -2.1 to 0.0; p= 0.043) and PSA velocity ( p= 0.040), and suppressed LNCaP cell growth ( p =0.024). No significant differences were found in PSA doubling time ( p= 0.10) and testosterone ( p= 0.24). Conclusions: The ERASE Trial is the first randomized controlled trial to demonstrate the impact of HIIT exercise for improving physical fitness and inhibiting biochemical progression of PCa in men with localized PCa on AS. Our findings suggest that supervised aerobic HIIT may be a promising intervention in this clinical setting. Larger-scale randomized controlled trials are warranted to determine if improvements in physical fitness and PCa-related markers translate into improved long-term clinical outcomes in these men such as disease progression, receipt of radical treatments, posttreatment complications, and survival. Clinical trial information: NCT03203460.

Body fat loss and compensatory mechanisms in response to different doses of aerobic exercise—a randomized controlled trial in overweight sedentary males

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (6) ◽  
pp. R571-R579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mads Rosenkilde ◽  
Pernille Auerbach ◽  
Michala Holm Reichkendler ◽  
Thorkil Ploug ◽  
Bente Merete Stallknecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Exercise Induced

The amount of weight loss induced by exercise is often disappointing. A diet-induced negative energy balance triggers compensatory mechanisms, e.g., lower metabolic rate and increased appetite. However, knowledge about potential compensatory mechanisms triggered by increased aerobic exercise is limited. A randomized controlled trial was performed in healthy, sedentary, moderately overweight young men to examine the effects of increasing doses of aerobic exercise on body composition, accumulated energy balance, and the degree of compensation. Eighteen participants were randomized to a continuous sedentary control group, 21 to a moderate-exercise (MOD; 300 kcal/day), and 22 to a high-exercise (HIGH; 600 kcal/day) group for 13 wk, corresponding to ∼30 and 60 min of daily aerobic exercise, respectively. Body weight (MOD: −3.6 kg, P < 0.001; HIGH: −2.7 kg, P = 0.01) and fat mass (MOD: −4.0 kg, P < 0.001 and HIGH: −3.8 kg, P < 0.001) decreased similarly in both exercise groups. Although the exercise-induced energy expenditure in HIGH was twice that of MOD, the resulting accumulated energy balance, calculated from changes in body composition, was not different (MOD: −39.6 Mcal, HIGH: −34.3 Mcal, not significant). Energy balance was 83% more negative than expected in MOD, while it was 20% less negative than expected in HIGH. No statistically significant changes were found in energy intake or nonexercise physical activity that could explain the different compensatory responses associated with 30 vs. 60 min of daily aerobic exercise. In conclusion, a similar body fat loss was obtained regardless of exercise dose. A moderate dose of exercise induced a markedly greater than expected negative energy balance, while a higher dose induced a small but quantifiable degree of compensation.

scholarly journals Changing Levels of Myokines after Aerobic Training and Resistance Training in Post-Menopausal Obese Females: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8413
Author(s):  
Sunghwun Kang ◽  
Il Bong Park ◽  
Seung-Taek Lim
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Muscle Endurance ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Post Menopausal

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the levels of myokines in post- menopausal obese females (PMOF) after regular aerobic and resistance training. A community-based, randomized controlled trial study of 41 PMOF from Buk-gu Community Center in Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea, was conducted from November 2017 through October 2018. These participants were randomly assigned to an aerobic exercise group (n = 21) or a resistance exercise group (n = 20). The 12-week exercise program was conducted three days a week (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday). Body composition, physical fitness, and myokines were measured at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. The two-way within-factor ANOVA revealed group × time interaction for body mass index (BMI, p < 0.05). In the resistance exercise group, muscle endurance (p < 0.001), power (p < 0.01), and agility (p < 0.001) improved significantly at 12 weeks compared to baseline and 6 weeks. In the aerobic exercise group, muscle strength (p < 0.05), flexibility (p < 0.05), muscle endurance (p < 0.001), and agility (p < 0.001) were greater at 12 weeks compared to baseline and 6 weeks. The levels of IL-6 (p < 0.001), IL-15 (p < 0.001), and BDNF (p < 0.001) were greater at 12 weeks compared to baseline and 6 weeks in both exercise groups. Aerobic exercise training and resistance exercise training changed the levels of myokines and improved body composition and physical fitness in PMOF. These findings provide preliminary evidence that PMOF need to exercise or perform physical activity to improve or maintain their levels of myokines and physical fitness.

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