Palliative care referrals and related outcomes among advanced cancer patients: A study revealing our institutional shortcomings.
e21506 Background: Palliative care (PC) has an important role in the care of cancer patients at the end of life. Unfortunately, referral occurs very late in the illness trajectory, often within days of patient death. We examined palliative care referral among advanced cancer patients and associated outcomes during their final 2 weeks of life at our academic medical center. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 269 cancer inpatients with solid malignancies that died in the past three years at our institution. We retrospectively compared patients who accessed palliative care services with those who did not. A multivariate logistic regression model including age, gender, type of cancer and metastatic status was conducted. Results: 74/269 patients (28%) had a palliative care consult prior to death. The most common cancer types were respiratory (26%) and gastrointestinal (21%). Patients with breast and gynecologic malignancies had significantly greater referral to palliative care services. The overall aggressiveness of care for the last year was significantly less (p = 0.003) for patients who were referred to palliative care. Patients referred to PC received less chemotherapy in the last 2 weeks of life (8% versus 21%, p < 0.001). We found that patients who were not referred to palliative care services experienced death more frequently in the ICU (16% versus 2%, p < 0.001), and in the emergency room (12% versus 1%), p < 0.001). Conclusions: Despite increased awareness of the importance of palliative care, and their overall improvement in survival among cancer patients, there are still disparities regarding access to palliative care and location of death. Patients receiving palliative services receive less aggressive interventions during their 2 last weeks of life and are less likely to die in the intensive care unit or emergency room. Quality improvement projects are underway addressing our shortcomings to palliative care services for our patients with advanced malignancies.