Computer calculations have been made of how real-gas effects modify the conventional one-dimensional equations for mass flow of air, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, argon, helium, and steam through a nozzle. The results indicate that for critical flow of air, at room temperature and 100 atmospheres pressure, real-gas effects of 3 1/2 percent exist. Similar magnitudes are found for the other gases.
Discussion: “Calculations of Real-Gas Effects in Flow Through Critical-Flow Nozzles” (Johnson, Robert C., 1964, ASME J. Basic Eng., 86, pp. 519–525)
