Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems in Vietnam

2018 ◽  
pp. 209-235
Author(s):  
Nguyen Quang Hung ◽  
Hoang Dinh Chieu ◽  
Dong Thi Dung ◽  
Le Tuan Son ◽  
Vu Trieu Duc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Marine Ecosystems

scholarly journals How to make progress in projecting climate change impacts

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1069-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. L. Cheung ◽  
Daniel Pauly ◽  
Jorge L. Sarmiento
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Marine Science ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Scientific Modelling ◽  
Maximum Body ◽  
Abundant Data ◽  
Maximum Body Size

Abstract Cheung, W. W. L., Pauly, D., and Sarmiento, J. L. 2013. How to make progress in projecting climate change impacts. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: 1069–1074. Scientific modelling has become a crucial tool for assessing climate change impacts on marine resources. Brander et al. criticize the treatment of reliability and uncertainty of such models, with specific reference to Cheung et al. (2013, Nature Climate Change, 3: 254–258) and their projections of a decrease in maximum body size of marine fish under climate change. Here, we use the specific criticisms of Brander et al. (2013, ICES Journal of Marine Science) on Cheung et al. (2013) as examples to discuss ways to make progress in scientific modelling in marine science. We address the technical criticisms by Brander et al., then their more general comments on uncertainty. The growth of fish is controlled and limited by oxygen, as documented in a vast body of peer-reviewed literature that elaborates on a robust theory based on abundant data. The results from Cheung et al. were obtained using published, reproducible and peer-reviewed methods, and the results agree with the empirical data; the key assumptions and uncertainties of the analysis were stated. These findings can serve as a step towards improving our understanding of climate change impacts on marine ecosystems. We suggest that, as in other fields of science, it is important to develop incrementally (or radically) new approaches and analyses that extend, and ultimately improve, our understanding and projections of climate change effects on marine ecosystems.

scholarly journals Uncertainties in projecting climate-change impacts in marine ecosystems

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1272-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Payne ◽  
Manuel Barange ◽  
William W. L. Cheung ◽  
Brian R. MacKenzie ◽  
Harold P. Batchelder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Parametric Uncertainty ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Internal Variability ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Climate Modelling ◽  
Marine Science ◽  
Decadal Time Scale ◽  
Scenario Uncertainty

Abstract Projections of the impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems are a key prerequisite for the planning of adaptation strategies, yet they are inevitably associated with uncertainty. Identifying, quantifying, and communicating this uncertainty is key to both evaluating the risk associated with a projection and building confidence in its robustness. We review how uncertainties in such projections are handled in marine science. We employ an approach developed in climate modelling by breaking uncertainty down into (i) structural (model) uncertainty, (ii) initialization and internal variability uncertainty, (iii) parametric uncertainty, and (iv) scenario uncertainty. For each uncertainty type, we then examine the current state-of-the-art in assessing and quantifying its relative importance. We consider whether the marine scientific community has addressed these types of uncertainty sufficiently and highlight the opportunities and challenges associated with doing a better job. We find that even within a relatively small field such as marine science, there are substantial differences between subdisciplines in the degree of attention given to each type of uncertainty. We find that initialization uncertainty is rarely treated explicitly and reducing this type of uncertainty may deliver gains on the seasonal-to-decadal time-scale. We conclude that all parts of marine science could benefit from a greater exchange of ideas, particularly concerning such a universal problem such as the treatment of uncertainty. Finally, marine science should strive to reach the point where scenario uncertainty is the dominant uncertainty in our projections.

Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott C. Doney ◽  
Mary Ruckelshaus ◽  
J. Emmett Duffy ◽  
James P. Barry ◽  
Francis Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Marine Ecosystems

scholarly journals Climate Change Impacts on Polar Marine Ecosystems: Toward Robust Approaches for Managing Risks and Uncertainties

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geir Ottersen ◽  
Andrew J. Constable ◽  
Anne B. Hollowed ◽  
Kirstin K. Holsman ◽  
Jess Melbourne-Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Weight Of Evidence ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Changing Climate

The Polar Regions chapter of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate (SROCC) provides a comprehensive assessment of climate change impacts on polar marine ecosystems and associated consequences for humans. It also includes identification of confidence for major findings based on agreement across studies and weight of evidence. Sources of uncertainty, from the extent of available datasets, to resolution of projection models, to the complexity and understanding of underlying social-ecological linkages and dynamics, can influence confidence. Here we, marine ecosystem scientists all having experience as lead authors of IPCC reports, examine the evolution of confidence in observed and projected climate-linked changes in polar ecosystems since SROCC. Further synthesis of literature on polar marine ecosystems has been undertaken, especially within IPCC's Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) Working Group II; for the Southern Ocean also the Marine Ecosystem Assessment for the Southern Ocean (MEASO). These publications incorporate new scientific findings that address some of the knowledge gaps identified in SROCC. While knowledge gaps have been narrowed, we still find that polar region assessments reflect pronounced geographical skewness in knowledge regarding the responses of marine life to changing climate and associated literature. There is also an imbalance in scientific focus; especially research in Antarctica is dominated by physical oceanography and cryosphere science with highly fragmented approaches and only short-term funding to ecology. There are clear indications that the scientific community has made substantial progress in its ability to project ecosystem responses to future climate change through the development of coupled biophysical models of the region facilitated by increased computer power allowing for improved resolution in space and time. Lastly, we point forward—providing recommendations for future advances for IPCC assessments.

scholarly journals Climate change impacts on U.S. Coastal and Marine Ecosystems

Estuaries ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Scavia ◽  
John C. Field ◽  
Donald F. Boesch ◽  
Robert W. Buddemeier ◽  
Virginia Burkett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Marine Ecosystems

scholarly journals Adaptation of Australia’s Marine Ecosystems to Climate Change: Using Science to Inform Conservation Management

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna E. Johnson ◽  
Neil J. Holbrook
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Keystone Species ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Ecological Thresholds ◽  
Rocky Reefs ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Species Population

The challenges that climate change poses for marine ecosystems are already manifesting in impacts at the species, population, and community levels in Australia, particularly in Tasmania and tropical northern Australia. Many species and habitats are already under threat as a result of human activities, and the additional pressure from climate change significantly increases the challenge for marine conservation and management. Climate change impacts are expected to magnify as sea surface temperatures, ocean chemistry, ocean circulation, sea level, rainfall, and storm patterns continue to change this century. In particular, keystone species that form the foundation of marine habitats, such as coral reefs, kelp beds, and temperate rocky reefs, are projected to pass thresholds with subsequent implications for communities and ecosystems. This review synthesises recent science in this field: the observed impacts and responses of marine ecosystems to climate change, ecological thresholds of change, and strategies for marine conservation to promote adaptation. Increasing observations of climate-related impacts on Australia’s marine ecosystems—both temperate and tropical—are making adaptive management more important than ever before. Our increased understanding of the impacts and responses of marine ecosystems to climate change provides a focus for “no-regrets” adaptations that can be implemented now and refined as knowledge improves.

scholarly journals Climate change impacts on marine ecosystems through the lens of the size spectrum

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan F. Heneghan ◽  
Ian A. Hatton ◽  
Eric D. Galbraith
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Size Spectrum ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Size Frequency Distribution ◽  
And Function

Abstract Climate change is a complex global issue that is driving countless shifts in the structure and function of marine ecosystems. To better understand these shifts, many processes need to be considered, yet they are often approached from incompatible perspectives. This article reviews one relatively simple, integrated perspective: the abundance-size spectrum. We introduce the topic with a brief review of some of the ways climate change is expected to impact the marine ecosystem according to complex numerical models while acknowledging the limits to understanding posed by complex models. We then review how the size spectrum offers a simple conceptual alternative, given its regular power law size-frequency distribution when viewed on sufficiently broad scales. We further explore how anticipated physical aspects of climate change might manifest themselves through changes in the elevation, slope and regularity of the size spectrum, exposing mechanistic questions about integrated ecosystem structure, as well as how organism physiology and ecological interactions respond to multiple climatic stressors. Despite its application by ecosystem modellers and fisheries scientists, the size spectrum perspective is not widely used as a tool for monitoring ecosystem adaptation to climate change, providing a major opportunity for further research.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document