A Complete System for Organizing, Identifying, and Solving Carbonyl Reactions: Nucleophilic Addition and Addition/Elimination

2016 ◽  
pp. 315-346
Keyword(s):  
Nucleophilic Addition ◽  
Complete System

Denitrification in a Carbon and Nitrogen Removal System for Leachate Treatment: Performance of a Upflow Sludge Blanket (USB) Reactor

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Borzacconi ◽  
Gisela Ottonello ◽  
Elena Castelló ◽  
Heber Pelaez ◽  
Augusto Gazzola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete System ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Aerobic Reactor ◽  
C And N ◽  
Reactor Operating ◽  
Removal System

The performance of a bench scale upflow sludge bed (USB) denitrifying reactor was evaluated in order to integrate it into a C and N removal system for Sanitary Landfill Leachate. The raw leachate used presented COD and NH4-N average values of 30000 mg/l and 1000 mg/l, respectively. The complete system comprises in addition an UASB reactor and a nitrifying RBC. A portion of the aerobic reactor effluent was recycled into the denitrification stage and some raw leachate was also added as an additional C source. In order to obtain operating parameters the denitrifying reactor was operated alone. Sludge from an aerobic reactor (RBC) treating raw leachate was used as inoculum. Shortly after the start up, good granulation of the sludge bed was observed. Using raw leachate and UASB outlet as carbon sources with COD/NO3-N ratios of 4 and 12, respectively, denitrification efficiencies of about 90% were reached. A sludge yield of 0.16 gVSS/gCODremoved was obtained operating with raw leachate. For the anoxic reactor operating in the complete system, denitrification efficiencies of 90% were also achieved. A nitrogen gas recycle was a successful way to avoid frequently observed sludge bed rising problems.

Recent Progress in Chemosensors Using Aldehyde-bearing Fluorophores for the Detection of Specific Analytes and their Bioimaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 4003-4028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangjun Huo ◽  
Yaqiong Zhang ◽  
Caixia Yin
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Nucleophilic Addition ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Biological Imaging ◽  
Tissue Imaging ◽  
Fluorescence Probes ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
Convenient Procedure ◽  
Nucleophilic Mechanism

In recent years, aldehyde-appended fluorescence probes have attracted increasing attention. Fluorescent biological imaging includes many modern applications for cell and tissue imaging in biomedical research. Meanwhile, the nucleophilic mechanism is a very simple and convenient procedure for the preparation of aldehyde-sensing probes. This tutorial review focuses on aldehyde-bearing chemosensors based on nucleophilic addition mechanism with biological applications.

Formation of spiro adduct from N-methyl-N-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)glycine anion

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Macháček ◽  
Alexandr Čegan ◽  
Miloš Sedlák ◽  
Vojeslav Štěrba
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Equilibrium Constant ◽  
Mole Fraction ◽  
Nucleophilic Addition ◽  
Adduct Formation ◽  
First Case ◽  
C Nmr

The intramolecular nucleophilic addition of N-methyl-N-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)glycine anion in methanol-dimethyl sulfoxide mixtures produces spiro[(3-methyl-5-oxazolidinone)-2,1'-(2',4',6'-trinitrobenzenide)]. The spiro adduct has been identified by means of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. This is the first case when the formation of a Meisenheimer adduct with carboxylate ion is observed. Logarithm of the equilibrium constant of adduct formation increases linearly with the mole fraction of dimethyl sulfoxide in its mixture with methanol.

scholarly journals Interactions of C-reactive protein with the complement system. III. Complement-dependent passive hemolysis initiated by CRP.

1975 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. 1065-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P. Osmand ◽  
R.F. Mortensen ◽  
Joan Siegel ◽  
H. Gewurz
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Complete System ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Rabbit Igg ◽  
The Complement System ◽  
Pig Serum

Interactions of CRP with various substrates in the presence of human serum have been shown to result in efficient activation of C components C1-C5. We now report the ability of CRP to initiate C-dependent hemolysis. For this purpose CRP was isolated by affinity chromatography using pneumococcal CPS and gel filtration; its purity was established by several criteria. Erythrocytes were coated with CPS (E-CPS) and passively sensitized with CRP. C-dependent lysis of these cells was observed upon the addition of suitably absorbed human serum, and the efficiency of hemolysis compared favorably with that initiated by rabbit IgG anti-CPS antibody. CRP also sensitized E-CPS for lysis by guinea pig C; partial lysis was seen when C4-deficient guinea pig serum was used, suggesting that CRP also shares with antibody the ability of CRP to fully activate the C system and provide further evidence for a role for CRP similar to that of antibody in the initiation and modulation of inflammatory reactions via the complete system.

Regioselective Functionalization of N-Fused Heteroaromatics via FeCl3-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Addition to Activated N-Heterocycles

Synthesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikyon Kim ◽  
Sung June Kim ◽  
Sunhee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Nucleophilic Addition ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Regioselective Functionalization

AbstractBroadening of nitrogen-fused heteroaromatic chemical space such as indolizine and pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine was achieved via FeCl­3-catalyzed nucleophilic addition of these N-fused aromatic compounds to a wide range of azolinium systems generated in situ, leading to novel N-fused heteroaromatic scaffolds with dearomatized N-heterocyclic substituents regioselectively. Nucleophilic addition of indolizines and pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines mainly occurred at the C1 position of the isoquinoliniums and at the C4 site of the quinoliniums.

Layer by layer assembled functionalized graphene oxide-based polymer brushes for superlubricity on steel-steel tribocontact

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suprakash Samanta ◽  
Rashmi Ranjan Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Nucleophilic Addition ◽  
Polymer Brushes ◽  
Addition Reaction ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Functionalized Graphene ◽  
Covalent Functionalization ◽  
Functionalized Graphene Oxide ◽  
Nucleophilic Addition Reaction ◽  
Branched Polyethylenimine

Present study demonstrates a simple and multistep approach for the preparation of covalent functionalization of chemically prepared graphene oxide (GO) by branched polyethylenimine (PEI) through nucleophilic addition reaction to prepare...

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